Review
Cell Biology
Scott Frendo-Cumbo, Victoria L. L. Tokarz, Philip J. J. Bilan, John H. H. Brumell, Amira Klip
Summary: Insulin and autophagy are two dynamic phenomena that interact significantly, both being susceptible to the influence of nutrient availability. Dysregulated autophagy may be a cause or consequence of insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aoyu Chen, Chunyan Liu, Ru Song, Jiaxu Ma, Zhenjie Wu, SiYuan Yin, Guoqi Cao, Guang Zhang, Rui Sun, Yibing Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effect and mechanism of PHB2 in wound healing, and finds that PHB2 can promote the healing of ischemic wounds. The overexpression of PHB2 stimulates cell proliferation, migration, and autophagy, while inhibiting apoptosis, ultimately promoting the healing of ischemic wounds.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Takayoshi Sasako, Toshihiro Umehara, Kotaro Soeda, Kazuma Kaneko, Miho Suzuki, Naoki Kobayashi, Yukiko Okazaki, Miwa Tamura-Nakano, Tomoki Chiba, Domenico Accili, C. Ronald Kahn, Tetsuo Noda, Hiroshi Asahara, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Takashi Kadowaki, Kohjiro Ueki
Summary: This study reveals that suppression of Akt activity in skeletal muscle of mammals associated with insulin resistance and aging could accelerate sarcopenia and reduce lifespan.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Iain S. Haslam, GuiXuan Zhou, GuoJiang Xie, Xu Teng, XiuLan Ao, ZhiPeng Yan, Eleanor Smart, David Rutkowski, Justyna Wierzbicka, YongJian Zhou, Zhen Huang, YanDing Zhang, Nilofer Farjo, Bessam Farjo, Ralf Paus, ZhiCao Yue
Summary: Chemotherapy-induced hair loss (CIA) is a major issue in clinical oncology. Research has shown that downregulation of the Shh signaling pathway in hair follicles is a critical early event in CIA. Inhibition of Shh signaling leads to hair loss, while activation of the MAPK pathway is a key upstream event that can be manipulated to rescue CIA. Targeting the intrafollicular MAPK-Shh axis may provide a promising strategy for managing CIA.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Shanshan Chen, Wenqi Wang, Hor-Yue Tan, Yuanjun Lu, Zhiping Li, Yidi Qu, Ning Wang, Di Wang
Summary: Autophagy is crucial for cellular homeostasis and senescence, with dysregulation implicated in various human diseases. This review highlights the role of autophagy in stem cell maintenance, focusing on its interaction with adult stem cells in disease initiation and progression. Understanding the mechanisms of autophagy in maintaining stemness may provide insights into disease pathogenesis and therapy development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kyung Min Chung, Hyunha Kim, Claudio Gouveia Roque, Ethan P. McCurdy, Trang T. T. Nguyen, Markus D. Siegelin, Jee-Yeon Huang, Ulrich Hengst
Summary: This study reveals a mechanism in which cells secrete a factor, TAILS, to enhance antioxidant signaling and mitochondrial function in neighboring neurons, providing protection against oxidative stress. This mechanism plays a critical role in preserving cognitive function in ischemic brain injury.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Xiaoyu Pan, Guanping He, Bao Hai, Yu Liu, Lei Bian, Lei Yong, Hanwen Zhang, Chenlong Yang, Chuanchao Du, Tianli Mao, Yunlong Ma, Fei Jia, Xinyu Dou, Shuheng Zhai, Xiaoguang Liu
Summary: The study revealed that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were rapidly internalized by osteosarcoma cells, accumulating in mitochondria before being trapped in lysosomes. The use of dynasore proved to be the most effective in blocking ZnO NP uptake and rescuing ZnO NP-induced autophagic cell death and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, the key role of dynamin 2 in ZnO NP endocytosis and subsequent autophagic cell death was confirmed both in vitro and in vivo.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lital Argaev-Frenkel, Tovit Rosenzweig
Summary: This study examines the dose-dependent effects and mechanisms of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on blood glucose regulation related tissues. It finds that NAC may induce reductive stress and negatively affect muscle and adipose cells, while pancreatic cells are sensitive to oxidative stress. The study emphasizes the importance of redox balance and the challenges of implementing antioxidant therapy in clinical settings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qiang Cao, Qi Wang, Xinyan Wu, Qi Zhang, Jinghan Huang, Yuquan Chen, Yanwei You, Yi Qiang, Xufeng Huang, Ronggao Qin, Guangzhu Cao
Summary: Leonurine, an alkaloid found in the aerial portion of a plant in the Labiatae family, has shown significant therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of gynecological disorders and has broad-spectrum antineoplastic capabilities. It exerts its anticancer potential through various mechanisms, including inhibiting neoplastic cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and suppressing oncogenic cell invasion and migration. Key signal transduction pathways involved in these processes include TRAIL, PI3K/AKT, STAT3, and MAP/ERK.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xiaomei Du, Yichun Wang, Jilite Wang, Xiaozhi Liu, Jingnan Chen, Ji Kang, Xu Yang, Hao Wang
Summary: D-Chiro-Inositol (DCI) and D-Pinitol (DP) have positive effects on lifespan and antioxidant activity in Drosophila melanogaster. DCI shows slightly better effects than DP. The prolongation of lifespan by DCI and DP is achieved through regulating intestinal homeostasis and inhibiting abnormal proliferation of intestinal stem cells. Insulin signaling pathway and autophagy pathway are involved in the longevity-promoting effects of DCI and DP.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maider Beitia, Diego Delgado, Jon Mercader, Pello Sanchez, Leonor Lopez de Dicastillo, Mikel Sanchez
Summary: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological therapy that stimulates cell proliferation. The composition of PRP, particularly the levels of certain growth factors, affects its effectiveness. This study found that PRP resulted in higher cell proliferation compared to platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and had higher levels of PDGF, TGF-beta, and VEGF. Among the growth factors analyzed, only IGF-1 was significantly correlated with cell proliferation and was not dependent on platelet levels. The magnitude of PRP's effect is influenced by platelet count and other platelet-independent molecules.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shigemitsu Sato, Takuo Hirose, Koji Ohba, Fumihiko Watanabe, Tomoki Watanabe, Kazuya Minato, Akari Endo, Hiroki Ito, Takefumi Mori, Kazuhiro Takahashi
Summary: Insulin upregulates (P) RR expression and promotes cell proliferation, but has no effect on (P) RR mRNA levels. Furthermore, insulin suppresses autophagy flux. Suppression of (P) RR expression significantly reduces cell number and AKT phosphorylation.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vipul Shrivastava, Megan Lee, Daniel Lee, Marle Pretorius, Bethany Radford, Guneet Makkar, Carol Huang
Summary: During pregnancy, down regulation of prolactin action in non-beta cells negatively affects beta-cell gene expression and increases their susceptibility to external insults. Prolactin signaling plays an important role in beta-cell adaptation during pregnancy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yukiko K. Kaneko
Summary: Although diabetes is associated with increased risks of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases, a definitive cure has not yet been found. Long-term treatment for blood glucose control significantly reduces quality of life. Insulin-secreting beta-cells play a crucial role in lowering blood glucose levels, making it important to maintain their function to prevent diabetes progression and improve quality of life.
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mahmoud Abdellatif, Tobias Eisenberg, Alexander Martin Heberle, Kathrin Thedieck, Guido Kroemer, Simon Sedej
Summary: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a key molecule that controls cellular metabolism and growth. In model organisms, reducing PI3K signaling can extend lifespan, but this effect is sex-specific and may increase the risk of cardiac disease in young mice. However, experimental attenuation of PI3K signaling in aged mice can slow down cardiac function decline and extend lifespan. In humans, increased PI3K signaling has been observed in failing hearts.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tiffiney R. Hartman, Erin M. Ventresca, Anthony Hopkins, Daniel Zinshteyn, Tanu Singh, Jenny A. O'Brien, Benjamin C. Neubert, Matthew G. Hartman, Heather K. Schofield, Kevin P. Stavrides, Danielle E. Talbot, Devon J. Riggs, Caroline Pritchard, Alana M. O'Reilly
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tiffiney R. Hartman, Erin M. Ventresca, Anthony Hopkins, Daniel Zinshteyn, Tanu Singh, Jenny A. O'Brien, Benjamin C. Neubert, Matthew G. Hartman, Heather K. Schofield, Kevin P. Stavrides, Danielle E. Talbot, Devon J. Riggs, Caroline Pritchard, Alana M. O'Reilly
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryan A. Henry, Tanu Singh, Yin-Ming Kuo, Alison Biester, Abigail O'Keefe, Sandy Lee, Andrew J. Andrews, Alana M. O'Reilly
Article
Oncology
Peng Li, Eric H. Lee, Fang Du, Renata E. Gordon, Larra W. Yuelling, Yongqiang Liu, Jessica M. Y. Ng, Hao Zhang, Jinhua Wu, Andrey Korshunov, Stefan M. Pfister, Tom Curran, Zeng-jie Yang
Article
Oncology
Alexander Beatty, Lauren S. Fink, Tanu Singh, Alexander Strigun, Erik Peter, Christina M. Ferrer, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Kathy Q. Cai, Timothy P. Moran, Mauricio J. Reginato, Ulrike Rennefahrt, Jeffrey R. Peterson
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2018)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mikael V. Garabedian, Chiaki Noguchi, Melissa A. Ziegler, Mukund M. Das, Tanu Singh, Logan J. Harper, Adam R. Leman, Lyne Khair, Bettina A. Moser, Toru M. Nakamura, Eishi Noguchi
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Tanu Singh, Alana M. O'Reilly
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Chiaki Noguchi, Tanu Singh, Melissa A. Ziegler, Jasmine D. Peake, Lyne Khair, Ana Aza, Toru M. Nakamura, Eishi Noguchi
EPIGENETICS & CHROMATIN
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Beatty, Tanu Singh, Yulia Y. Tyurina, Vladimir A. Tyurin, Svetlana Samovich, Emmanuelle Nicolas, Kristen Maslar, Yan Zhou, Kathy Q. Cai, Yinfei Tan, Sebastian Doll, Marcus Conrad, Aravind Subramanian, Valerian E. Kagan, Ulrike Rennefahrt, Jeffrey R. Peterson, Hulya Bayir
Summary: Inhibition of lipid peroxidase GPX4 promotes ferroptotic cell death. A complementary approach using conjugated linolenic fatty acids has been identified, triggering lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis via ACSL1, DGAT1/2, and neutral lipids. This may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tanu Singh, Alexander Beatty, Jeffrey R. Peterson
Summary: The study identifies NUAK2 as a regulator of GPX4 expression and ferroptotic sensitivity, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for breast cancer patients who may respond to GPX4 inhibition therapy.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2022)