Article
Oncology
Mijeong Kim, Manjot Singh, Bum-Kyu Lee, Moira Hibbs, Kirsty Richardson, Lesley Ellies, Larissa Wintle, Lisa M. Stuart, Jenny Y. Wang, Dominic C. Voon, Pilar Blancafort, Jianlong Wang, Jonghwan Kim, Peter J. Leedman, Andrew J. Woo
Summary: In this study, researchers identified ZNF148 as a direct target of MYC in breast cancer. ZNF148 suppressed cell proliferation and migration and was transcriptionally repressed by MYC. Depletion of ZNF148 increased triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, ZNF148 was found to transcriptionally repress ID1 and ID3 expression, resulting in inhibition of cancer stem cell traits and plasticity. These findings uncover a previously unknown tumor suppressor role for ZNF148 and reveal a transcriptional regulatory circuitry involving MYC, ZNF148, and ID1/3 in driving aggressive breast cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniela J. Di Bella, Ehsan Habibi, Robert R. Stickels, Gabriele Scalia, Juliana Brown, Payman Yadollahpour, Sung Min Yang, Catherine Abbate, Tommasso Biancalani, Evan Z. Macosko, Fei Chen, Aviv Regev, Paola Arlotta
Summary: Researchers generated a comprehensive atlas of the developing mouse neocortex, reconstructing developmental trajectories across cortical cell classes and inferring spatial organization and gene regulatory programs. They also demonstrated how this developmental map can pinpoint lineage-specific developmental abnormalities in mutant mice, providing a global picture of the regulatory mechanisms governing cellular diversification in the neocortex.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohammed R. Shaker, Ju-Hyun Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim, Saeli Ban, Veronica Jihyun Kim, Joo Yeon Kim, Ji Yeoun Lee, Woong Sun
Summary: NMP progenitors initially located at the tail tip in mouse development, later found in the caudal neural tube, gradually contributing to the spinal cord during axial elongation. The derived NPCs preferentially contributed to the ventral side at the lumbar spinal cord level first, followed by the dorsal side.
Article
Cell Biology
Faye L. Robertson, Eoghan O'Duibhir, Ester Gangoso, Raul Bardini Bressan, Harry Bulstrode, Maria-Angeles Marques-Torrejon, Kirsty M. Ferguson, Carla Blin, Vivien Grant, Neza Alfazema, Gillian M. Morrison, Steven M. Pollard
Summary: This study identifies a synergistic interaction between FOXG1 and Wnt/(3-catenin signaling in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), promoting the transition from quiescence to proliferation. The findings suggest that FOXG1 and Wnt signaling cooperate to support the cell cycle re-entry process in GSCs.
Article
Developmental Biology
Jiahui Du, Junjun Jing, Shuo Chen, Yuan Yuan, Jifan Feng, Thach-Vu Ho, Prerna Sehgal, Jian Xu, Xinquan Jiang, Yang Chai
Summary: The research reveals that Arid1a maintains tissue homeostasis by inhibiting the Aurka-Cdk1 axis, limiting proliferation of TACs, and promoting their differentiation, while loss of Arid1a leads to reduction of the MSC population.
Article
Cell Biology
Masahiro Otsu, Zubair Ahmed, Daniel Fulton
Summary: A simple method was developed to generate immature oligodendrocyte lineage cells from mouse ESC-derived neural stem cells, which showed potential for differentiation into mature OPC under specific conditions. Interestingly, these cells retained multipotentiality and could differentiate into neurons or astrocytes. However, their efficiency in myelinating axons was lower compared to primary OPC.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Chhavi Sood, Virginia T. Justis, Susan E. Doyle, Sarah E. Siegrist
Summary: Notch signaling coordinates neuroblast intrinsic temporal programs with extrinsic nutrient cues to regulate quiescence in fruit flies. Reduction in Notch activity delays or bypasses quiescence, resulting in continuous neuroblast division. Notch and its ligand Delta are expressed in neuroblasts before entering quiescence, and Delta transactivates Notch in adjacent GMC daughters. Over time and with increasing Delta-expressing daughters, neuroblast Notch activity increases, leading to cell cycle exit and attenuation of Notch pathway activity in quiescent neuroblasts.
Article
Neurosciences
Takamasa Kamei, Atsushi Tamada, Toshiya Kimura, Akira Kakizuka, Akio Asai, Keiko Muguruma
Summary: Purkinje cells are crucial for motor coordination and memory integration in the cerebellum. This study investigates the function of human iPS cell-derived cerebellar progenitors in mice with Purkinje cell death. The transplantation of cerebellar organoids showed promising results but further improvements are needed for successful integration. These findings contribute to regenerative medicine for cerebellar degeneration.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linghuan Zhang, Wenping Luo, Jiang Liu, Maozhu Xu, Qi Peng, Wenjing Zou, Jingyi You, Yi Shu, Piao Zhao, William Wagstaff, Guozhi Zhao, Kevin Qin, Rex C. Haydon, Hue H. Luu, Russell R. Reid, Yang Bi, Tianyu Zhao, Tong-Chuan He, Zhou Fu
Summary: In this study, we successfully established reversibly immortalized mouse pulmonary alveolar type 2 cells (imPAC2) and demonstrated their potential in forming alveolar organoids. By investigating the functional changes of imPAC2 cells, we concluded that this cell model can be further explored to study the mechanisms underlying the development of pulmonary diseases.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Made Airanthi K. Widjaja-Adhi, Alexander Kolesnikov, Sreelakshmi Vasudevan, Paul S. -H Park, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Marcin Golczak
Summary: The daylight and color vision of diurnal vertebrates depend on the rapid recovery of cone photoreceptors to changes in light brightness. AWAT2, a key enzyme in the cone-specific visual chromophore regenerative pathway, is found to be essential for M-cone dark adaptation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yongseok Jeon, Dongchan Lee, Honghyun Cho
Summary: This study investigates the influence of the motive nozzle exit position (NXP) on the performance of a dual evaporator ejector cycle (DEEC) in a household refrigeration system. An artificial neural network (ANN) model is used to analyze the pressure lifting ratio and coefficient of performance (COP) of the DEEC under various operating and ejector geometry conditions. The optimal NXP is proposed to achieve maximum performance in the DEEC, resulting in a COP that is 2.3% and 8.4% higher than those of the conventional NXP and the baseline cycle, respectively.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aneta Pogorzelska, Jaroslaw Slawinski, Anna Kawiak, Grzegorz Stasilojc, Jaroslaw Chojnacki
Summary: The reaction between chalcones and benzenesulfonylaminoguanidines resulted in the synthesis of new guanidine derivatives. These compounds were tested for their impact on the growth of breast cancer cells MCF-7, cervical cancer cells HeLa, and colon cancer cells HCT-116. The presence of a hydroxy group in the benzene ring was found to strongly affect the activity of the derivatives. The most cytotoxic compounds displayed significant inhibitory effects on the tested cell lines, particularly against the malignant cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Aida Rodrigo Albors, Gail A. Singer, Enric Llorens-Bobadilla, Jonas Frisen, Andrew P. May, Chris P. Ponting, Kate G. Storey
Summary: The potential of adult spinal cord stem cells is found in ependymal cells, which decreases with age. Ependymal cells are heterogeneous and their biological diversity and age-related changes are still unknown. This study provides a single-cell transcriptomic census of spinal cord ependymal cells in adult and aged mice, identifying various cell subtypes and immature as well as mature cell states. It also reveals immature cells as potential spinal cord stem cells by comparing their transcriptomes with brain ependymal cells. The study further explores ependymal cells in human spinal cord and uncovers widespread cell maturation and altered cell identities. This comprehensive characterization of spinal cord ependymal cells offers insights into their biology and informs strategies for spinal cord repair.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yongchao Wang, Wen Wen, Hui Li, Hong Xu, Mei Xu, Murong Ma, Jia Luo
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) in adult brain neurogenesis. MANF deficiency leads to increased cell proliferation and alterations in the cell cycle.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. A. Caraballo-Vega, M. L. Carroll, C. S. R. Neigh, M. Wooten, B. Lee, A. Weis, M. Aronne, W. G. Alemu, Z. Williams
Summary: In this study, a deep learning approach based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is proposed for cloud detection in very high-resolution satellite imagery. The CNNs exhibit superior mapping accuracy compared to traditional methods, with the best performing model achieving an overall accuracy of 95%.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Elisabeth Findeiss, Sigrid C. Schwarz, Valentin Evsyukov, Thomas W. Roesler, Matthias Hoellerhage, Tasnim Chakroun, Niko-Petteri Nykaenen, Yimin Shen, Wolfgang Wurst, Michael Kohl, Joerg Tost, Guenter U. Hoeglinger
Summary: The study indicates that alpha-synuclein accumulation induces microRNA-mediated aberrant cell cycle activation in post-mitotic dopaminergic neurons, offering potential novel therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anne Schaenzer, Melanie T. Achleitner, Dietrich Truembach, Laurence Hubert, Arnold Munnich, Barbara Ahlemeyer, Maha M. AlAbdulrahim, Philipp A. Greif, Sebastian Vosberg, Blake Hummer, Rene G. Feichtinger, Johannes A. Mayr, Saskia B. Wortmann, Heidi Aichner, Sabine Rudnik-Schoeneborn, Anna Ruiz, Elisabeth Gabau, Jacobo Perez Sanchez, Sian Ellard, Tessa Homfray, Karen L. Stals, Wolfgang Wurst, Bernd A. Neubauer, Till Acker, Stefan K. Bohlander, Cedric Asensio, Claude Besmond, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Moenaldeen D. AlSayed, Andreas Hahn, Axel Weber
Summary: Mutations in the HID1 gene were found to cause early infantile encephalopathy with hypopituitarism as the main presentation, expanding the spectrum of syndromic CNS diseases caused by interference with TGN function.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Marie-Christine Birling, Atsushi Yoshiki, David J. Adams, Shinya Ayabe, Arthur L. Beaudet, Joanna Bottomley, Allan Bradley, Steve D. M. Brown, Antje Buerger, Wendy Bushell, Francesco Chiani, Hsian-Jean Genie Chin, Skevoulla Christou, Gemma F. Codner, Francesco J. DeMayo, Mary E. Dickinson, Brendan Doe, Leah Rae Donahue, Martin D. Fray, Alessia Gambadoro, Xiang Gao, Marina Gertsenstein, Alba Gomez-Segura, Leslie O. Goodwin, Jason D. Heaney, Yann Herault, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Si-Tse Jiang, Monica J. Justice, Petr Kasparek, Ruairidh E. King, Ralf Kuhn, Ho Lee, Young Jae Lee, Zhiwei Liu, K. C. Kent Lloyd, Isabel Lorenzo, Ann-Marie Mallon, Colin McKerlie, Terrence F. Meehan, Violeta Munoz Fuentes, Stuart Newman, Lauryl M. J. Nutter, Goo Taeg Oh, Guillaume Pavlovic, Ramiro Ramirez-Solis, Barry Rosen, Edward J. Ryder, Luis A. Santos, Joel Schick, John R. Seavitt, Radislav Sedlacek, Claudia Seisenberger, Je Kyung Seong, William C. Skarnes, Tania Sorg, Karen P. Steel, Masaru Tamura, Glauco P. Tocchini-Valentini, Chi-Kuang Leo Wang, Hannah Wardle-Jones, Marie Wattenhofer-Donze, Sara Wells, Michael V. Wiles, Brandon J. Willis, Joshua A. Wood, Wolfgang Wurst, Ying Xu, Lydia Teboul, Stephen A. Murray
Summary: The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium has reported the generation of new mouse mutant strains for over 5,000 genes, including 2,850 new null mutations, 2,987 new conditional-ready strains, and 4,433 new reporter alleles.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hung-En Hsia, Johanna Tueshaus, Xiao Feng, Laura Hofmann, Benedikt Wefers, Denise K. Marciano, Wolfgang Wurst, Stefan F. Lichtenthaler
Summary: This study reveals the function of endoglycan in neurite branching, identifies endoglycan as an ADAM10 substrate, and suggests that ADAM10 cleavage of endoglycan may contribute to neurite branching.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caroline A. Biagosch, Silvia Vidali, Michael Faerberboeck, Svenja-Viola Hensler, Lore Becker, Oana Amarie, Antonio Aguilar-Pimentel, Lillian Garrett, Tanja Klein-Rodewald, Birgit Rathkolb, Enrica Zanuttigh, Julia Calzada-Wack, Patricia Da Silva-Buttkus, Jan Rozman, Irina Treise, Helmut Fuchs, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Dirk Janik, Wolfgang Wurst, Johannes A. Mayr, Thomas Klopstock, Thomas Meitinger, Holger Prokisch, Arcangela Iuso
Summary: This study introduces a whole-body Wdr45 knockout mouse model characterized by neuropathology signs, hearing and visual impairment, specific hematological alterations, but no brain iron accumulation. The model complements existing models and provides a robust tool for investigating BPAN pathophysiology and testing therapeutic strategies.
Article
Cell Biology
Dong-Jiunn Jeffery Truong, Teeradon Phlairaharn, Bianca Esswein, Christoph Gruber, Deniz Tuemen, Eniko Baligacs, Niklas Armbrust, Francesco Leandro Vaccaro, Eva-Maria Lederer, Eva Magdalena Beck, Julian Geilenkeuser, Simone Goeppert, Luisa Krumwiede, Christian Graetz, Gerald Raffl, Dominic Schwarz, Martin Zirngibl, Milica Zivanic, Maren Beyer, Johann Dietmar Koerner, Tobias Santl, Valentin Evsyukov, Tabea Strauss, Sigrid C. Schwarz, Guenter U. Hoeglinger, Peter Heutink, Sebastian Doll, Marcus Conrad, Florian Giesert, Wolfgang Wurst, Gil Gregor Westmeyer
Summary: A cell-based reporter system named EXSISERS was developed by Truong et al., allowing non-invasive quantification of protein expression levels of exon-specific isoforms via intein-mediated protein splicing. This system enables non-disruptive and multimodal monitoring of exon-specific isoform expression with high sensitivity and cellular resolution, as well as high-throughput screening of exon-specific therapeutic interventions.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tabea Strauss, Amir Marvian-Tayaranian, Eldem Sadikoglou, Ashutosh Dhingra, Florian Wegner, Dietrich Truembach, Wolfgang Wurst, Peter Heutink, Sigrid C. Schwarz, Guenter U. Hoeglinger
Summary: The H1 haplotype of the MAPT gene is a common genetic risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study introduced a useful tool of smNPC cell lines homozygous for different MAPT haplotypes, revealing differences in TAU and alpha-SYNUCLEIN profiles between H1/H1 and H2/H2 cell lines. This resource aims to address a gap in modeling sporadic tauopathies with iPSCs.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Parivash Nouri, Anja Zimmer, Stefanie Brueggemann, Robin Friedrich, Ralf Kuehn, Nilima Prakash
Summary: Advances in regenerative stem cell research have allowed for the generation of tissue-specific cells in vitro, which is important for transplantation, drug screening, and understanding the mechanisms of diseases. However, the heterogeneity of these cultures poses a challenge, as the cells of interest usually represent only a small fraction of all cells. In this study, the researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to introduce a red fluorescent marker into human induced pluripotent stem cells, allowing for direct identification and isolation of neural stem/progenitor cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Rosario Sanchez-Gonzalez, Christina Koupourtidou, Tjasa Lepko, Alessandro Zambusi, Klara Tereza Novoselc, Tamara Durovic, Sven Aschenbroich, Veronika Schwarz, Christopher T. Breunig, Hans Straka, Hagen B. Huttner, Martin Irmler, Johannes Beckers, Wolfgang Wurst, Andreas Zwergal, Tamas Schauer, Tobias Straub, Tim Czopka, Dietrich Truembach, Magdalena Goetz, Stefan H. Stricker, Jovica Ninkovic
Summary: The influx of cerebrospinal fluid after brain injury simultaneously activates toll-like receptor 2 (Tlr2) and chemokine receptor 3 (Cxcr3) pathways, leading to increased OPC proliferation and exacerbated glial reactivity. Interference with these pathways alleviated reactive gliosis, increased new neuron recruitment, and improved tissue restoration after injury.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jessica Giehrl-Schwab, Florian Giesert, Benedict Rauser, Chu Lan Lao, Sina Hembach, Sandrine Lefort, Ignacio L. Ibarra, Christina Koupourtidou, Malte Daniel Luecken, Dong-Jiunn Jeffery Truong, Judith Fischer-Sternjak, Giacomo Masserdotti, Nilima Prakash, Jovica Ninkovic, Sabine M. Hoelter, Daniela M. Vogt Weisenhorn, Fabian J. Theis, Magdalena Goetz, Wolfgang Wurst
Summary: Direct reprogramming based on genetic factors is a promising strategy for replacing lost cells in degenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease. In this study, the researchers successfully reprogrammed striatal astrocytes into induced GABAergic neurons and integrated them into striatal circuits, improving motor behavior in a Parkinson's disease model. This approach may provide an alternative route for clinical therapies of Parkinson's disease.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Schmidt, Daniela M. Vogt Weisenhorn, Wolfgang Wurst
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with various causes. Non-enzymatic posttranslational modifications of proteins play a significant role in the pathoetiology of the disease, but our understanding is still limited. Investigating the impact of environmental proteome on Parkinson's disease is crucial for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lillian Garrett, Dietrich Truembach, Nadine Spielmann, Wolfgang Wurst, Helmut Fuchs, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Martin Hrabe De Angelis, Sabine M. Hoelter
Summary: Neuropsychiatric diseases represent a significant global disease burden and require innovative approaches for pathogenic understanding, biomarker identification, and therapeutic strategies. The malfunction of the heart/brain axis, particularly through the autonomic nervous system and brain central autonomic network interaction, plays a crucial role in the etiology of these diseases. This inter-relationship offers potential avenues for novel diagnosis and treatment approaches.
Review
Neurosciences
Nilima Prakash
Summary: This article discusses the degeneration of dopaminergic and other neurons in the aging brain, as well as factors that may contribute to an increased vulnerability to death of these neurons in the early phase of life. It also explores the neuroprotective effects of external supply or ectopic expression of certain secreted and nuclear factors on the midbrain dopaminergic system in the adult and aging brain.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Correction
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Gianluca L. Russo, Giovanna Sonsalla, Poornemaa Natarajan, Christopher T. Breunig, Giorgia Bulli, Juliane Merl-Pham, Sabine Schmitt, Jessica Giehrl-Schwab, Florian Giesert, Martin Jastroch, Hans Zischka, Wolfgang Wurst, Stefan H. Stricker, Stefanie M. Hauck, Giacomo Masserdotti, Magdalena Goetz
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Peter Baumann, Sonja C. Schriever, Stephanie Kullmann, Annemarie Zimprich, Andreas Peter, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Helmut Fuchs, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Wolfgang Wurst, Matthias H. Tschoep, Martin Heni, Sabine M. Hoelter, Paul T. Pfluger
Summary: Our findings suggest a new role for Dusp8 in the perception of sweet high caloric food and in the control of sucrose consumption and foraging in both mice and humans.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Developmental Biology
Cheng Shi, Pengfei Jiao, Zhiyi Chen, Lan Ma, Siyue Yao
Summary: This review discusses the molecular etiology of congenital craniofacial abnormalities, with a focus on the role and mechanism of noncoding RNAs in regulating craniofacial development. Aberrant expression of noncoding RNAs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of craniofacial abnormalities, providing potential therapeutic targets.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Hideru Togashi, Steven Ray Davis, Makoto Sato
Summary: Tile patterns, regulated by cell adhesion molecules, are regular arrangements of cells that play important functional roles in multicellular organisms. The physical constraints and cell adhesion regulate both cell shape and tissue morphogenesis.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Armen Khanbabei, Lina Segura, Cynthia Petrossian, Aaron Lemus, Ithan Cano, Courtney Frazier, Armen Halajyan, Donnie Ca, Mariano Loza-Coll
Summary: This article investigates the genetic regulatory mechanisms of Drosophila intestinal stem cells. The study found that most target genes co-regulated by Esg and STAT show a consistent gene expression pattern. However, manipulating these validated targets in vivo rarely replicated the effects of manipulating Esg and STAT, suggesting the presence of complex genetic interactions among the downstream targets of these two master regulator genes.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Bayley J. Waters, Zoe R. Birman, Matthew R. Wagner, Julia Lemanski, Barak Blum
Summary: Researchers found that conditional deletion of Robo2 in adult mice led to a significant loss of islet architecture without affecting beta cell identity or function, suggesting that Robo2 plays a role in actively maintaining adult islet architecture. Understanding the factors required for islet architecture maintenance is crucial for developing future diabetes therapies.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Rhiannon Clements, Tyler Smith, Luke Cowart, Jennifer Zhumi, Alan Sherrod, Aidan Cahill, Ginger L. Hunter
Summary: Cell protrusions play a crucial role in regulating cell activities during development. By studying the regulation mechanism in fruit fly sensory bristle patterning, it was found that Myosin XV is essential for the dynamics of signaling filopodia and promotes long-range Notch signaling.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Margaret Keating, Ryan Hagle, Daniel Osorio-Mendez, Anjelica Rodriguez-Parks, Sarah I. Almutawa, Junsu Kang
Summary: Knock-in reporter (KI) animals are essential for studying gene expression in biomedical research. This study developed a new strategy using minicircle technology and a minimal promoter to enhance knock-in events and establish stable KI transgenic reporter lines. The study also highlighted the importance of selecting the proper KI line due to potential inappropriate influence of genome editing on reporter gene expression.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Christian Altbuerger, Meta Rath, Daniel Armbruster, Wolfgang Driever
Summary: This study reveals that Neurog1 and Olig2 transcription factors have differential requirements for the development of dopaminergic neurons, and they integrate local patterning signals and Notch neurogenic selection signaling to specify the progenitor population and initiate neurogenesis and differentiation.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)