Review
Cell Biology
Antonio Baonza, Sara Tur-Gracia, Marina Perez-Aguilera, Carlos Estella
Summary: Cells have evolved mechanisms to respond to DNA damage and maintain genomic integrity. The responses include cell cycle checkpoints, repair mechanisms, and induction of apoptosis. Understanding the coordination between cell proliferation control and apoptosis is crucial for tissue homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Rinka Nakajima, Lin Zhao, Yaxuan Zhou, Mashiro Shirasawa, Ayato Uchida, Hikaru Murakawa, Mariana Fikriyanti, Ritsuko Iwanaga, Andrew P. Bradford, Keigo Araki, Tomoko Warita, Kiyoshi Ohtani
Summary: Transcription factor E2F, the main target of the tumor suppressor pRB, plays essential roles in cell proliferation and tumor suppression. In almost all cancers, pRB is inactivated, leading to enhanced E2F activity. Trials have been conducted to suppress enhanced E2F activity for targeted cancer therapy, but it may also affect normal growing cells due to the shared mechanism of growth stimulation.
Review
Oncology
Tianyi Wu, Lizhao Wu
Summary: This article discusses the etiology, molecular mechanisms, and the important role of the RB-E2F signaling network in the development of gastric cancer, focusing on the complex functions of the E2F transcription factor family in gastric cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mariafausta Fischietti, Emiliano Fratini, Daniela Verzella, Davide Vecchiotti, Daria Capece, Barbara Di Francesco, Giuseppe Esposito, Marco Balata, Luca Ioannuci, Pamela Sykes, Luigi Satta, Francesca Zazzeroni, Alessandra Tessitore, Maria Antonella Tabocchini, Edoardo Alesse
Summary: The study showed that low radiation doses can affect cell responses to stress stimuli and lead to resistance or sensitivity to damage. Cells cultured in a low radiation environment responded to growth stress by activating autophagy, while cells in a reference radiation environment triggered apoptosis, possibly due to growth-stress conditions. The gamma component of environmental radiation did not significantly influence the biological responses observed in the study.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Songwang Xie, Zhen Hong, Yan Li, Junyong Wang, Jian Wang, Shaoquan Li, Yongchang Liu
Summary: The study found that RNF216 is overexpressed in GBM and is associated with a poor prognosis. Overexpression of RNF216 promotes GBM cell growth and inhibits apoptosis, while knockdown of RNF216 has the opposite effects. RNF216 overexpression also degrades the p53 protein and negatively regulates the p53 pathway.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Paula Zappia, Yong-Jae Kwon, Anton Westacott, Isabel Liseth, Hyun Min Lee, Abul B. M. M. K. Islam, Jiyeon Kim, Maxim V. Frolov
Summary: The transcription factor E2F is responsible for controlling the expression of cell cycle genes by binding to their promoters. However, its significance in the regulation of metabolic genes is not well understood. In this study, the researchers introduced mutations in the E2F sites of five metabolic genes in fruit flies and found varying effects on E2F recruitment and gene expression, with the glycolytic gene Pgk being the most affected. Loss of E2F regulation on the Pgk gene led to decreased glycolytic flux, ATP content, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology. The study highlights the importance of E2F regulation on metabolic genes and its impact on overall development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mostafa A. Aboouf, Julia Armbruster, Markus Thiersch, Franco Guscetti, Glen Kristiansen, Peter Schraml, Anne Bicker, Ruben Petry, Thomas Hankeln, Max Gassmann, Thomas A. Gorr
Summary: The expression of myoglobin is associated with better prognosis in breast cancer patients, but its role in mammary tumorigenesis is unclear. Through CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated myoglobin-deficient breast cancer cell lines and found that loss of myoglobin increased cell survival and expression of cell cyclins, as well as enhanced cell migration and invasion under hypoxia. In human invasive mammary ductal carcinoma tissues, myoglobin levels were positively correlated with apoptotic markers, and myoglobin expression was associated with a positive prognostic value.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiang Wu, Wenfeng Gou, Zhiyun Wang, Huajie Chang, Deguan Li, Wenbin Hou, Changxiao Liu
Summary: This study discovered the radio-protecting effect of Ecliptae Herba (EHE) and identified luteolin as the material basis for this protection. Luteolin has the potential to be a promising candidate for radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) due to its ability to inhibit the p53 signaling pathway and regulate apoptotic processes and cell cycle-related proteins.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noor Mustafa, Jone Mitxelena, Arantza Infante, Olatz Zenarruzabeitia, Ainhoa Eriz, Ainhoa Iglesias-Ara, Ana M. Zubiaga
Summary: Disruption of E2f2 in mice leads to T-cell hyperactivation and disproportionate cell cycle entry. However, E2f2(-/-) mice do not develop lymphoproliferative condition. We find that E2f2 plays an anti-apoptotic role through the Fas pathway in vitro and in vivo. Knockout of E2f2 in TCR-stimulated T cells results in overexpression of proapoptotic genes, enhanced apoptosis, and activated p53 pathway. However, E2f2-Fas/FasL signaling is p53-independent. E2f2 is recruited to Fas and FasL gene promoters to repress their expression. E2f2(-/-) mice are prone to immune-mediated liver injury due to aberrant lymphoid Fas/FasL activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Julien Roy Ishibashi, Riya Keshri, Tommy Henry Taslim, Daniel Kennedy Brewer, Tung Ching Chan, Scott Lyons, Anika Marie McManamen, Ashley Chen, Debra Del Castillo, Hannele Ruohola-Baker
Summary: This study utilized a genetically tractable model for stem cell survival in Drosophila gonads to identify small molecule drug candidates that may sensitize cancer stem cells to apoptosis, uncovering the NF-kappa B pathway as essential in GSC quiescence and viability. The study highlights the potential of the Drosophila stem cell niche as a model system for targeted drug discovery.
Article
Hematology
Alexander B. Kim, Ssu-Yu Chou, Solomon Kang, Eric Kwon, Matthew Inkman, Jeff Szymanski, Neal Andruska, Cian Colgan, Jin Zhang, Joanna C. Yang, Nathan Singh, Carl J. Deselm
Summary: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a significant breakthrough for hematologic malignancies, but majority of patients still die from the disease. Tumor quantity and quality are predictors of response, with higher disease burden and intrinsic tumor resistance leading to worse prognosis. High-dose radiation to bulky disease areas reduces systemic tumor quantity, but low-dose total tumor irradiation (TTI) targeting all disease sites before CAR T-cell therapy has a greater impact on overall survival in mice. This study suggests that intrinsic tumor attributes are equally or more important predictors of CAR T-cell response as tumor burden, and low-dose TTI can temporarily increase tumor sensitivity to CAR T cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Sun, Ambroise Manceau, Lisa Frydman, Lucie Cappuccio, David Neves, Valeria Basso, Hong Wang, Joanna Fombonne, Carine Maisse, Patrick Mehlen, Andrea Paradisi
Summary: Netrin-1, a secreted protein known as a relevant cancer therapeutic target, promotes cancer progression by inhibiting cell death induced by its receptors. The study shows that p53 positively regulates Netrin-1 gene expression, and the A40p53 isoform can activate the Netrin-1 promoter to promote cell survival.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob Stewart-Ornstein, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Miles A. Miller, Mark A. Prytyskach, Stephane Ferretti, Philipp Holzer, Joerg Kallen, Pascal Furet, Ashwini Jambhekar, William C. Forrester, Ralph Weissleder, Galit Lahav
Summary: Radiation sensitivity varies greatly among tissues, and the dynamics of p53 post-radiation differ in radiosensitive and more resistant tissues. Inhibiting Mdm2 to sustain p53 activity enhances radiosensitivity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Shawn J. Macha, Balakrishna Koneru, Trevor A. Burrow, Charles Zhu, Dzmitry Savitski, Rakhshanda L. Rahman, Catherine A. Ronaghan, Jonas Nance, Kristyn McCoy, Cody Eslinger, C. Patrick Reynolds
Summary: A subset of cancers across different tissue types show poor outcomes and can be identified with robust biomarkers. ALT, a specific cell activity, is commonly found in high-risk neuroblastoma and certain sarcomas, and reactivating p53 has shown to increase sensitivity to this cell activity. These findings support the clinical evaluation of specific drugs in ALT cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Dmitry Namgaladze, Bernhard Bruene
Summary: Pharmacological activation of tumor suppressor p53 demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects in differentiating human macrophages.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ying Shiuan Lee, Filipe De Vadder, Valentina Tremaroli, Anita Wichmann, Gilles Mithieux, Fredrik Backhed
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2016)
Article
Microbiology
Anita Wichmann, Ava Allahyar, Thomas U. Greiner, Hubert Plovier, Gunnel Ostergren Lunden, Thomas Larsson, Daniel J. Drucker, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Patrice D. Cani, Fredrik Backhed
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2013)
Article
Developmental Biology
Burnley Jaklevic, Lyle Uyetake, Anita Wichmann, Amber Bilak, Christopher N. English, Tin Tin Su
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2008)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marianne Stage, Anita Wichmann, Mette Jorgensen, Natalia Ivonne Vera-Jimenez, Malue Wielje, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Albin Sandelin, Yun Chen, Adam Baker
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marianne Stage Strickertsson, Yan Hui, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Natalia Ivonne Vera-Jimenez, Jeanne Olsen, Albin Sandelin, Anita Wichmann
Summary: The study found that the genome of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG remains well-preserved in yogurt, and it exhibits probiotic properties when examined in the yogurt matrix. L. rhamnosus GG from frozen pellets induces a response in intestinal barrier function, and cofermentation with yogurt leads to a higher response. Conversely, the addition of L. rhamnosus GG to the starter culture reduces the cytokine secretion in dendritic cells.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristin Garcia, Anita Wichmann, Tin Tin Su
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anita Wichmann, Burnley Jaklevic, Tin Tin Su
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2006)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
AE Wichmann, NM Thomson, LA Peterson, EV Wattenberg
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2003)
Review
Developmental Biology
Cheng Shi, Pengfei Jiao, Zhiyi Chen, Lan Ma, Siyue Yao
Summary: This review discusses the molecular etiology of congenital craniofacial abnormalities, with a focus on the role and mechanism of noncoding RNAs in regulating craniofacial development. Aberrant expression of noncoding RNAs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of craniofacial abnormalities, providing potential therapeutic targets.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Hideru Togashi, Steven Ray Davis, Makoto Sato
Summary: Tile patterns, regulated by cell adhesion molecules, are regular arrangements of cells that play important functional roles in multicellular organisms. The physical constraints and cell adhesion regulate both cell shape and tissue morphogenesis.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Armen Khanbabei, Lina Segura, Cynthia Petrossian, Aaron Lemus, Ithan Cano, Courtney Frazier, Armen Halajyan, Donnie Ca, Mariano Loza-Coll
Summary: This article investigates the genetic regulatory mechanisms of Drosophila intestinal stem cells. The study found that most target genes co-regulated by Esg and STAT show a consistent gene expression pattern. However, manipulating these validated targets in vivo rarely replicated the effects of manipulating Esg and STAT, suggesting the presence of complex genetic interactions among the downstream targets of these two master regulator genes.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Bayley J. Waters, Zoe R. Birman, Matthew R. Wagner, Julia Lemanski, Barak Blum
Summary: Researchers found that conditional deletion of Robo2 in adult mice led to a significant loss of islet architecture without affecting beta cell identity or function, suggesting that Robo2 plays a role in actively maintaining adult islet architecture. Understanding the factors required for islet architecture maintenance is crucial for developing future diabetes therapies.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Rhiannon Clements, Tyler Smith, Luke Cowart, Jennifer Zhumi, Alan Sherrod, Aidan Cahill, Ginger L. Hunter
Summary: Cell protrusions play a crucial role in regulating cell activities during development. By studying the regulation mechanism in fruit fly sensory bristle patterning, it was found that Myosin XV is essential for the dynamics of signaling filopodia and promotes long-range Notch signaling.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Margaret Keating, Ryan Hagle, Daniel Osorio-Mendez, Anjelica Rodriguez-Parks, Sarah I. Almutawa, Junsu Kang
Summary: Knock-in reporter (KI) animals are essential for studying gene expression in biomedical research. This study developed a new strategy using minicircle technology and a minimal promoter to enhance knock-in events and establish stable KI transgenic reporter lines. The study also highlighted the importance of selecting the proper KI line due to potential inappropriate influence of genome editing on reporter gene expression.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Developmental Biology
Christian Altbuerger, Meta Rath, Daniel Armbruster, Wolfgang Driever
Summary: This study reveals that Neurog1 and Olig2 transcription factors have differential requirements for the development of dopaminergic neurons, and they integrate local patterning signals and Notch neurogenic selection signaling to specify the progenitor population and initiate neurogenesis and differentiation.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)