Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mitsuaki Ishida, Akie Takebayashi, Fuminori Kimura, Akiko Nakamura, Jun Kitazawa, Aina Morimune, Tetsuro Hanada, Koji Tsuta, Takashi Murakami
Summary: Chronic endometritis patients showed significantly higher rates of loss of E-cadherin expression, gain of N-cadherin, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition positivity. Slug, cytoplasmic Snail, and nuclear Snail expression rates were also higher in chronic endometritis patients. Chronic endometritis was found to be related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Article
Biology
Weiting Zhang, Pierluigi Scerbo, Marine Delagrange, Virginie Candat, Vanessa Mayr, Sophie Vriz, Martin Distel, Bertrand Ducos, David Bensimon
Summary: The study reveals that in Zebrafish, the dynamics of fgf8 and other gene transcripts, as well as segmentation frequency, shortening of pre-somitic mesoderm, and tail growth rate slow down with lower temperature, potentially explaining the temperature independence of somitogenesis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yusuf Ilker Yaman, Sharad Ramanathan
Summary: The development of mammals involves various morphogenetic events, such as axial elongation, somitogenesis, and neural tube formation. In this study, axially elongating organoids were created from human pluripotent stem cells to understand the signals regulating human axial morphogenesis. The organoids consisted of a neural tube and segmented presomitic mesoderm, with the somite differentiation gene MESP2 being activated in sync with segmentation clock waves. Perturbations revealed the distinct roles of FGF and WNT signaling in axial elongation and somitogenesis, with FGF signaling gradients driving the segmentation clock waves. This work provides a valuable tool to study the mechanisms of human embryogenesis by generating and manipulating organoids that faithfully recapitulate multiple axial tissues.
Article
Biology
Eric Paulissen, Nicholas J. Palmisano, Joshua S. Waxman, Benjamin L. Martin
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of somite morphogenesis in organizing surrounding tissues to facilitate notochord positioning and angioblast migration, ultimately leading to the formation of a functional cardiovascular system in zebrafish embryos.
Article
Developmental Biology
Anne-Lou Touret, Catherine Vivier, Anne Schmidt, Philippe Herbomel, Emi Murayama
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of cell adhesion protein Pcdh18a in the development of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, with its expression playing important roles in cell-contact mediated repulsion, formation of the venous plexus in CHT, and proper functioning of CHT.
Article
Oncology
Jeong-Yun Choi, Haeseung Lee, Eun-Ji Kwon, Hyeon-Joon Kong, Ok-Seon Kwon, Hyuk-Jin Cha
Summary: The study reveals a close correlation between elevated YAP expression and AXL expression in mesenchymal-type lung cancer, with doxorubicin treatment inducing YAP nuclear translocation in lung cancer cells, leading to AXL expression. The concurrent activation of TGF beta signaling coordinates YAP-dependent AXL expression through SMAD4, suggesting a promising target to improve chemosensitivity in mesenchymal-type lung cancer.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Junyong Liang, Jingjie Liang, Qiang Tan, Zhengguang Wang
Summary: The placenta is crucial for mammalian fetal growth, with trophoblast cells being the most important cell type. Many genes are involved in the differentiation of early placental trophoblast cells. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify placental trophoblast development-related genes, and experimental validation showed that ELAC2 may play a regulatory role in early mammalian placental formation. ELAC2 regulates early placental trophoblast differentiation by affecting cell migration and proliferation, and may also be involved in regulating cell migration processes that affect epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gi Fay Mok, Leighton Folkes, Shannon A. Weldon, Eirini Maniou, Victor Martinez-Heredia, Alice M. Godden, Ruth M. Williams, Tatjana Sauka-Spengler, Grant N. Wheeler, Simon Moxon, Andrea E. Muensterberg
Summary: This study used ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics along the chick embryonic axis, identifying differential binding site coverage for key transcription factors and connecting accessible chromatin with nearby expressed genes. The authors determined cis-regulatory elements for TCF15 and MEOX1, investigated their spatiotemporal activity and evolutionary conservation, and disrupted their expression through epigenome silencing to recapitulate phenotypic abnormalities of anterior-posterior axis extension. This integrated approach allows for dissection of paraxial mesoderm regulatory circuits in vivo and has implications for investigating gene regulatory networks.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Gregory Fouquet, Constance Marie, Louison Collet, Catherine Vilpoux, Hakim Ouled-Haddou, Eric Nguyen-Khac, Jagadeesh Bayry, Mickael Naassila, Ingrid Marcq, Hicham Bouhlal
Summary: This study demonstrates the issue of acquired resistance in sorafenib treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. It shows that sorafenib-resistant cells lose expression of the tumor suppressor receptor SLAMF3, leading to increased aggressiveness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Interestingly, the overexpression of SLAMF3 can reverse the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and decrease metastatic potential, making it a potential therapeutic and diagnostic tool for managing sorafenib treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Naita M. Wirsik, Jakob Ehlers, Lisa Maeder, Elena I. Ilina, Anna-Eva Blank, Anne Grote, Friedrich Feuerhake, Peter Baumgarten, Kavi Devraj, Patrick N. Harter, Michel Mittelbronn, Ulrike Naumann
Summary: The study found that in glioma-associated pericytes, elevated SLUG expression is mediated by TGF-beta, leading to morphological changes and enhanced proliferation, motility, and altered growth patterns. Downregulation of SLUG or addition of a TGF-beta antagonising antibody abolished these effects, indicating a potential mechanism for tumor vasculature formation and blood-brain barrier breakdown in glioblastoma.
NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Developmental Biology
Agnieszka M. Piatkowska, Susan E. Evans, Claudio D. Stern
Summary: Vertebrate segmentation is a process that has been observed for centuries, but has regained interest in recent decades, especially in the molecular mechanisms behind its regularity. Despite various models proposed, most fail to establish clear links between molecular mechanisms and cell behaviors, leaving room for further research into the cellular aspects of vertebrate segmentation.
CELLS & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Michel-Gael F. Guefack, Debojit Talukdar, Rimi Mukherjee, Subhabrata Guha, Debarpan Mitra, Depanwita Saha, Gaurav Das, Francois Damen, Victor Kuete, Nabendu Murmu
Summary: Hypericum roeperianum, a traditional medicinal spice, has been found to possess anticancer properties. It inhibits breast cancer progression by regulating mitochondrial apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The crude extract induces apoptosis and inhibits cell migration by affecting multiple molecular markers. Additionally, it modulates the PI3K/Akt/mToR signaling pathway to suppress EMT. The in vitro and in vivo experiments support the potential use of Hypericum roeperianum in breast cancer therapy.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuchuan Miao, Yannis Djeffal, Alessandro De Simone, Kongju Zhu, Jong Gwan Lee, Ziqi Lu, Andrew Silberfeld, Jyoti Rao, Oscar A. Tarazona, Alessandro Mongera, Pietro Rigoni, Margarete Diaz-Cuadros, Laura Min Sook Song, Stefano Di Talia, Olivier Pourquie
Summary: Through a three-dimensional culture system of human pluripotent stem cells, researchers have discovered that the segmentation clock plays a key role in establishing the spatial regularity of anterior and posterior somitic compartments. This research sheds light on the general principles of somitogenesis and human development.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Houfa Geng, Mengzhe Guo, Wei Xu, Xiu Zang, Tingting Wu, Fei Teng, Yu Wang, Xuekui Liu, Xiuli Wang, Qiang Sun, Jun Liang
Summary: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer with a rising global incidence. Elevated SHCBP1 expression in PTC tumors is negatively correlated with patient survival rate and is associated with lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of SHCBP1 inhibits proliferation, invasion, and migration of PTC cells, potentially through targeting integrin and collagen formation pathways, making it a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PTC.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Zimmerman, A. Aviv, Y. Elfassy, A. Bisht, L. Klinger, E. Rabkin
Summary: The effect of surface topography on grain boundary migration in thin films has been investigated in this study. In pure bulk Ni samples, large protrusions resembling downscaled terrestrial mountains were observed near grain boundaries after mild cold deformation and subsequent annealing. These protrusions, called 'thermal ridges', decrease in size with increasing annealing time and degree of deformation. A kinetic model of ridges based on the modified Mullins' model was developed to explain this phenomenon. The combination of experimental and modeling results provides new insights into the formation of hillocks in thin polycrystalline films.