Review
Developmental Biology
Jihyun Irizarry, Angelike Stathopoulos
Summary: Morphogen concentrations in space and time during development are important for specifying cell fate. Bicoid and Dorsal are two morphogens that directly regulate target genes in Drosophila embryos, providing insights into how morphogens interact and change roles over time. In addition to these factors, there are other inputs working together to control spatiotemporal gene expression in embryos.
Article
Cell Biology
Gizem Yayli, Andrea Bernardini, Paulina Karen Mendoza Sanchez, Elisabeth Scheer, Mylene Damilot, Karim Essabri, Bastien Morlet, Luc Negroni, Stephane D. Vincent, H. T. Marc Timmers, Laszlo Tora
Summary: This study uncoveres the assembly mechanism of ATAC and SAGA co-activator complexes and reveals the distinct subcellular localization and functions between them.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tian-Xia Jiang, Shuang Ma, Xia Han, Zi-Yu Luo, Qian-Qian Zhu, Tomoki Chiba, Wei Xie, Kui Lin, Xiao-Bo Qiu
Summary: The research revealed that PA200 plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of histone marks by promoting the degradation of core histones. Deficiency of PA200 leads to aging-related diseases, such as immune malfunction and shorter lifespan.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takashi Fukaya
Summary: Expression of gap and pair-rule genes is crucial for body segmentation in Drosophila embryogenesis, and the length of the transcription period plays a major role in determining spatial patterning of gene expression in early embryos. Enhancer interference can influence transcriptional activation and impact the refinement of gene expression patterns during animal development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Ben-Menahem
Summary: Genomic and phylogenetic analyses of various invertebrate phyla have revealed the existence of genes related to vertebrate's decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its receptor genes. Research has identified AKH and CRZ in insects, which have similar sizes to GnRH and serve as neurohormones, with pleiotropic activities in metabolism and stress responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melody Harper, Yinan Hu, Joan Donahue, Benjamin Acosta, Flora Dievenich Braes, Stacy Nguyen, Jenny Zeng, Julianna Barbaro, Hyungwoo Lee, Hoa Bui, Sarah K. McMenamin
Summary: Thyroid hormone regulates proximodistal patterning of the caudal fin rays in zebrafish, coordinating ray bifurcations and segment shortening. This regulation is independent of fin size and is conserved across species. Proximodistal morphology can be modified relative to size through modulation of thyroid hormone metabolism or other hormone-independent pathways.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Natalie A. Dye, Marko Popovic, K. Venkatesan Iyer, Jana F. Fuhrmann, Romina Piscitello-Gomez, Suzanne Eaton, Frank Juelicher
Summary: Research on the Drosophila wing imaginal disc during larval development reveals a pattern of cell shape and tissue stress that can arise via self-organization of a mechanical feedback coupling cell polarity to active cell rearrangements. This mechanism for cellular pattern emergence is supported by knockdown experiments involving MyoVI, a mechanosensitive feedback component.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aniko Farago, Nora Zsindely, Anita Farkas, Alexandra Neller, Fruzsina Siagi, Marton Richard Szabo, Tamas Csont, Laszlo Bodai
Summary: Huntington's Disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine-coding CAG repeat in the Huntingtin gene. One of the main causes of neurodegeneration in HD is transcriptional dysregulation, which is partly caused by the inhibition of histone acetyltransferase enzymes. Increasing the activity of specific HATs or inhibiting histone deacetylase enzymes can alleviate HD pathology. This study suggests that Gcn5-dependent acetylation of H3.3K14 may be an important epigenetic contributor to HD pathology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sol Fernandez M. Arancibia, Andrew C. Oates, Stefan Schulte-Merker, Luis G. Morelli
Summary: The paper presents a reaction wavefront theory to explain the patterning of the notochord in zebrafish. The theory suggests that the pattern is generated by an activator-inhibitor reaction-diffusion mechanism, with cues from the paraxial mesoderm playing a crucial role. The study reveals that the velocity and shape of the reaction wavefront can affect the quality of the pattern, with different defect types associated with different wavelengths.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucile Senicourt, Albane le Maire, Frederic Allemand, JoAo E. Carvalho, Laura Guee, Pierre Germain, Michael Schubert, Pau Bernado, William Bourguet, Nathalie Sibille
Summary: Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) form heterodimers to activate target gene transcription by recruiting co-activator complexes. The nuclear receptor co-activator TIF2 interacts with the ligand-binding domain of NRs to mediate recruitment, showing a largely disordered protein with partially structured regions, including the NR-boxes and their evolutionary conserved flanking regions. NMR and X-ray crystallographic data reveal a multisite binding of the NR-boxes and an active role of their flanking regions in the interaction.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elizabeth W. Kahney, Emily H. Zion, Lydia Sohn, Kayla Viets-Layng, Robert Johnston, Xin Chen
Summary: Stem cells can undergo asymmetric division to produce daughter cells with identical genes but different cell fates. In a study with Drosophila, it was found that daughter cells inherit histones differently at genes related to stem cell maintenance or differentiation during asymmetric division. This understanding may have implications for developing treatments for diseases related to cell fate abnormalities.
Review
Cell Biology
Jasmine Warren, Justin P. P. Kumar
Summary: Pattern formation is the process by which cells in a homogeneous epithelial sheet acquire distinct fates based on their relative spatial position. Various models have been proposed over the years to explain the emergence of periodic patterns during development, and the compound eye of Drosophila melanogaster has been an excellent system for studying pattern formation. This review focuses on the morphogenetic furrow, which converts a homogeneous cell sheet into an ordered array of unit eyes, and discusses the roles of morphogens and mechanical forces in retinal pattern formation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Heather Q. Pollington, Austin Q. Seroka, Chris Q. Doe
Summary: This article reviews the progress made in understanding how Drosophila stem cells generate distinct neurons through the expression of specific temporal transcription factors. These factors play a crucial role in specifying the birth order and temporal identity of neurons. The study also highlights the importance of these mechanisms in promoting proper circuit assembly within the central nervous system.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Katarzyna A. Hussey, Sarah E. Hadyniak, Robert J. Johnston Jr
Summary: This review discusses the generation, development, and patterning of photoreceptors in the human retina. It describes the different types and functions of photoreceptors, as well as current understanding of their patterning. Insights into photoreceptor differentiation mechanisms are also provided from studies of model organisms and human retinal organoids.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Aaron R. Waddell, Haojie Huang, Daiqing Liao
Summary: CBP and p300 are paralogous lysine acetyltransferases that play critical roles in regulating transcription factors in cancer signaling pathways. They have been established as important regulators of nuclear hormone signaling, such as androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER), which are associated with tumor growth in hormone-dependent prostate and breast cancers. Inhibitors targeting CBP and p300 show potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for prostate and breast cancers by blocking AR and ER transactivation activity.
Article
Pathology
Melissa Tjota, Heather Chen, Megan Parilla, Pankhuri Wanjari, Jeremy Segal, Tatjana Antic
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Cell Biology
Megan Parilla, Lauren L. Ritterhouse
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pathology
Jennifer A. Bennett, Ricardo R. Lastra, Julieta E. Barroeta, Megan Parilla, Filippo Galbo, Pankhuri Wanjari, Robert H. Young, Thomas Krausz, Esther Oliva
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Megan Parilla, Sandeep Gurbuxani
Article
Pathology
Aarti E. Sharma, Megan Parilla, Pankhuri Wanjari, Jeremy P. Segal, Tatjana Antic
Summary: Translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas have diverse morphologies and require a high degree of suspicion for accurate diagnosis. Two cases with distinct appearances were found to harbor unique pathogenic rearrangements through RNA sequencing techniques.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Alexander J. Gallan, Megan Parilla, Jeremy Segal, Lauren Ritterhouse, Tatjana Antic
Summary: The study identifies the pathological features of BAP1-mutated CCRCC, which exhibit overlapping morphological characteristics with other subtypes of renal cell carcinoma and specific immunohistochemical patterns. BAP1-mutated CCRCCs are often aggressive, with a high likelihood of invasion and metastasis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mahmoud Aldyab, Tony El Jabbour, Megan Parilla, Hwajeong Lee
Summary: Various benign conditions can mimic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and thorough histologic examination, immunohistochemical staining, and molecular markers are crucial for accurate diagnosis. Specific immunohistochemical markers, such as SMAD4, can aid in distinguishing PDAC. Mutations, especially in the KRAS oncogene, along with additional mutations in tumor suppressor genes like CDKN2A, TP53, and SMAD4, play a role in neoplastic progression and prognosis assessment in PDAC.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Megan Parilla, David Chapel, Jaclyn F. Hechtman, Pankhuri Wanjari, Tony El Jabbour, Aarti Sharma, Lauren Ritterhouse, Jeremy Segal, Chad Vanderbilt, David S. Klimstra, Namrata Setia, Laura Tang
Summary: Chromosomal aneuploidies are prognostic markers for various tumor types, including pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. This study identified three clinically relevant chromosomal subgroups within pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, namely indolent subgroup, aggressive subgroup, and heterogeneous third group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tony El Jabbour, Maksym Misyura, Darren Cowzer, Michal Zimmermann, Victoria Rimkunas, Antonio Marra, Fatemeh Derakhshan, Pier Selenica, Megan Parilla, Jeremy S. Setton, Ozge Ceyhan-Birsoy, Yelena Kemel, Amanda Catchings, Megha Ranganathan, Geoffrey Y. Ku, Yelena Y. Janjigian, Michael Zinda, Maria Koehler, Zsofia Stadler, Jinru Shia, Jorge S. Reis-Filho, Diana Mandelker
Summary: The study identified the crucial role of ATM gene mutations in the development of GEJ adenocarcinoma and suggested that genetic testing may aid in prognostication and treatment decision-making.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Cullen M. Lilley, Minerve Delille, Kamran M. Mirza, Megan Parilla
Summary: American health care policy needs critical assessment to understand its role in addressing health disparities in molecular genetic testing. To address these disparities, it is necessary to reduce healthcare costs, rebalance regional disparities, encourage physician engagement, reduce data biases, and earn patients' trust.
Article
Pathology
Yahya A. Al-Ghamdi, Jonathan Lake, Adam Bagg, Beenu Thakral, Sa A. Wang, Carlos Bueso-Ramos, Lucia Masarova, Srdan Verstovsek, Heesun J. Rogers, Eric D. Hsi, Jonathon H. Gralewski, Devon Chabot-Richards, Tracy I. George, Anton Rets, Robert P. Hasserjian, Olga K. Weinberg, Megan Parilla, Daniel A. Arber, Osvaldo Padilla, Attilio Orazi, Wayne Tam
Summary: This study compared the pathological and genetic characteristics between triple-negative primary myelofibrosis (TN-PMF) and PMF with canonical driver mutations (DM-PMF). The results showed that TN-PMF patients were more likely to have thrombocytopenia and less likely to have organomegaly. The bone marrow of TN-PMF patients showed fewer granulocytic elements and more frequent dyserythropoiesis. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a higher incidence of trisomy 8, and targeted next-generation sequencing identified a lower frequency of ASXL1 mutations but enrichment of ASXL1/SRSF2 comutations. These findings suggest that TN-PMF may be pathogenetically different from DM-PMF, with potential prognostic implications.
Review
Pathology
Megan Parilla, Andres E. Quesada, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Beenu Thakral
Summary: T-cell neoplasms, comprising 10-15% of all lymphoid neoplasms, have been less understood compared to B-cell neoplasms due to their rarity. However, recent advancements in understanding T-cell differentiation based on gene expression and mutation profiling have shed light on their pathogenesis. This knowledge has been used to refine diagnostic criteria and improve prognostication and identification of therapeutic targets, leading to potential improved outcomes for patients.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Aarti E. Sharma, Andrea Olivas, Megan Parilla, Lindsay Yassan, Hanlin Wang, Sharon S. Zhang, Christopher Weber, Xavier M. Keutgen, John Hart, Thomas Krausz, Namrata Setia
Summary: The loss of expression of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) is associated with aggressive behavior in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). Factors such as lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and lack of 5-hmC expression can predict the risk of distant metastasis in PanNETs. In addition, there is intratumoral heterogeneity in the expression of 5-hmC.
APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Vincent Cracolici, Lauren L. Ritterhouse, Jeremy P. Segal, Rutika Puranik, Pankhuri Wanjari, Sabah Kadri, Megan Parilla, Nicole A. Cipriani
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pathology
Vincent Cracolici, Megan Parilla, Kammi J. Henriksen, Nicole A. Cipriani
HEAD & NECK PATHOLOGY
(2020)