Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asuncion M. Hidalgo, Maria Gomez, Maria D. Murcia, Elisa Gomez, Gerardo Leon, Irene Alfaro, Kueir-Rarn Lee
Summary: This study investigates the removal of three emerging pollutants - carbamazepine, ketoprofen, and bisphenol A - using the nanofiltration flat sheet membrane NF99HF. The efficiency of the membrane is evaluated through permeate flux and rejection coefficient. The study also analyzes the influence of operating pressure and feed concentration on the removal process. Experimental data is fitted to models to predict membrane behavior, showing good agreement with carbamazepine and bisphenol A data.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vignesh Nayak, Jiri Cuhorka, Petr Mikulasek
Summary: Pharmaceutical drugs have become a major water pollutant in the environment, posing a severe threat to living species. This study investigated the performance of polyamide thin-film composite tubular nanofiltration membranes in removing pharmaceutical drugs and evaluated the impact of various operating conditions. The findings suggest that the membrane's structural parameters and operating conditions have a direct effect on the drug removal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohammad Hadian, Mahdie Hadian
Summary: The membrane technology plays a crucial role in water and wastewater treatment. Developing accurate models is essential for the success of membrane processes. Researchers should modify and optimize existing models to improve membrane performance and reduce costs.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robin Marlar Rajendran, Sangeeta Garg, Shailendra Bajpai
Summary: This study successfully removed arsenic (III) from water using HFN300 polyethersulfone nanofiltration membrane, achieving over 96.4% rejection for 50 mg L-1 feed at optimized conditions. The FTCSK model was effective in predicting arsenic (III) removal using NF membrane, with simulated results in excellent agreement with experimental results within 10% error.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexis Lopez-Borrell, Maria-Fernanda Lopez-Perez, Salvador Cayetano Cardona, Jaime Lora-Garcia
Summary: The nanofiltration process is a viable technique for the recovery of compounds from wine lees wastes. The NF270 membrane has shown to be the most suitable choice, with effective adjustment of operational parameters. The Spiegler-Kedem model (SKM) has been validated and can be used for future studies on the treatment of wine lees wastes.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Andrzej Slezak, Jolanta Jasik-Slezak, Kornelia M. Batko, Wioletta M. Bajdur, Maria Wlodarczyk-Makula
Summary: The R version of the KKP network equations and the Kedem-Katchalsky-Spiegler equation were used to evaluate the transport properties of synthetic polymer membranes in hemodialysis. A method for frictional interpretation of Peusner resistance, coupling, energy conversion efficiency, and energy fluxes using Spiegler friction coefficients was presented. This procedure can help explain membrane transport mechanisms and conduct energy analyzes of membrane processes for practical applications such as industrial, water treatment, and medical fields.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Piotr Krzyzanowski
Summary: This article considers a composite H-divided discontinuous Galerkin finite element discretization of a diffusion problem with subdomains separated by thin membranes, modeled by the Kedem-Katchalsky transmission condition. It is proved that a preconditioner based on the additive Schwarz method has a bounded condition number, independent of the mesh size, membrane permeability, and diffusion coefficient, provided that the condition numbers of the subspace solvers are also bounded. Numerical experiments confirm these findings and suggest that the convergence rate is weakly dependent on the degree of the approximating polynomials.
COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kornelia Batko, Izabella Slezak-Prochazka, Weronika Sokolowska, Malgorzata Rak, Wiktoria Plonka, Andrzej Slezak
Summary: The study investigates the gravielectric effect in a double-membrane system, where the gravitational field disrupts the symmetry of concentration boundary layers formed under concentration polarization conditions. The concentration characteristics of this effect were determined and the control properties of the double-membrane system were observed. The double-membrane electrochemical system functions as an electromotive force and serves as a gravireceptor.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kornelia M. Batko, Izabella Slezak-Prochazka, Andrzej Slezak, Wioletta M. Bajdur, Radomir Scurek
Summary: Based on the Kedem-Katchalsky formalism, a model equation for the membrane potential generated in a membrane system under concentration polarization was derived. The study reveals the relationship between various parameters in the membrane system by calculating the membrane potential under different conditions.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mustapha Tahaikt, Soufian El-Ghzizel, Nodar Essafi, Mahmoud Hafsi, Mohamed Taky, Azzedine Elmidaoui
Summary: The fluoride content in many regions of Morocco exceeds acceptable standards, particularly in phosphate regions. A study compared nanofiltration and reverse osmosis techniques in reducing fluoride ions, with similar water compositions produced. The study found that the cost and performance of the membranes were comparable in reducing fluoride content in the water.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hajar Zeggar, Jamal Touir, Soufian El-Ghzizel, Fatima Elazhar, Mustapha Tahaikt, Driss Dhiba, Azzedine Elmidaoui, Mohamed Taky
Summary: This study aims to understand the transfer mechanisms of nitrate, fluoride, chloride, and sulfate ions in nitrated brackish water. Using SKK and SHP models, the structural characteristics of NF90 membrane were analyzed, and fouling investigations revealed that RO membrane is more susceptible to fouling compared to NF membrane.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mustapha Tahaikt, Fatima Elazhar, Idrisse Mohamed, Hajar Zeggar, Mohamed Taky, Azzeddine Elmidaoui
Summary: This study investigates the removal of fluoride ions from groundwater using nanofiltration membranes, finding that NF90 membrane shows no significant impact of initial concentration and pressure on fluoride ion concentration, while NF270 and TR60 membranes exhibit similar behaviors with levels exceeding the allowed limit of fluoride ions from 6 ppm and 5 ppm respectively. The results also indicate that NF270 and TR60 membranes involve diffusion and convection mechanisms, while diffusion is predominant in NF90 membrane. The reflection coefficient for NF90 is close to unity, while the pore size follows the order: r(p)(TR60) > r(p)(NF270) > r(p)(NF90).
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tania Garcia-Martinez, Teresa Mogas, Steven F. Mullen, Iris Martinez-Rodero, Ramila E. Gulieva, Adam Z. Higgins
Summary: The study investigated the permeability characteristics of bovine oocytes to water and cryoprotectants at different concentrations. It was found that mature oocytes had higher water permeability than immature oocytes, and water permeability decreased as cryoprotectant concentration increased. While at high concentrations the permeability of cryoprotectants was similar, substantial differences were observed at low concentrations, especially with ethylene glycol.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. Qadir, F. Uddin, R. Nasir, H. Mukhtar
Summary: This study conducted a detailed investigation on the performance of commercially available tubular membranes under varying operating conditions. It was found that the AFC80 membrane exhibited better rejection for all types of salts tested, and it was deduced that the negative surface charge of the selected membranes played a vital role in the separation mechanism. Furthermore, the rejection of lead chloride and sodium chloride solutions was accurately predicted using the Spiegler-Kedem model with a correlation coefficient (R-2) reaching 0.9.
MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Catalina Vargas-Figueroa, Luis Pino-Soto, Angelo Beratto-Ramos, Yesid Tapiero, Bernabe Luis Rivas, Maria Elizabeth Berrio, Manuel Francisco Melendrez, Rodrigo M. M. Borquez
Summary: This study aimed to enhance the permeability and selectivity of two commercial polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes, NF90 and NF270, by modifying them with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using microwave-assisted in-situ growth. The results demonstrated that it is feasible to attach CNTs to a polymeric surface without compromising its functional properties. The present study provides a promising approach for modifying membranes by in-situ CNT growth to improve their performance in water treatment applications, such as desalination.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gerardo Leon, Elisa Gomez, Beatriz Miguel, Asuncion Maria Hidalgo, Maria Gomez, Maria Dolores Murcia, Maria Amelia Guzman
Summary: Emulsion liquid membranes have been successfully used to remove various types of organic and inorganic pollutants through carrier-mediated transport mechanisms. However, the complexity of the kinetics and transport models of these mechanisms is attributed to the large number of model parameters. This paper explores the applicability of kinetic and mechanistic models developed for adsorption to carrier-mediated transport in emulsion liquid membranes by analyzing the similarity between the underlying mechanisms. The experimental analysis of Cu(II) removal using emulsion liquid membranes provides empirical evidence for the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model and highlights the dominance of Cu(II) diffusion at the feed/membrane interface boundary layer in the transport process.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asuncion M. Hidalgo, Maria Gomez, Maria D. Murcia, Gerardo Leon, Beatriz Miguel, Israel Gago, Pilar M. Martinez
Summary: This paper studied the treatment effect of polysulfone nanofiltration membrane coated with graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on ibuprofen solutions. The results showed that the coated membranes had higher rejection values than the uncoated membrane, and the latter performed better in terms of permeability, selectivity, and fouling.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maria Dolores Murcia, Asuncion M. Hidalgo, Maria Gomez, Gerardo Leon, Elisa Gomez, Marta Martinez
Summary: In this study, three types of ultrafiltration membranes were tested for the removal of methyl green dye. The membranes were initially tested without any modification and then modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The results showed that the GR60PP membrane had improved rejection levels after modification, while the GR80PP membrane performed better without modification in terms of rejection values and permeate fluxes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
M. Gomez, M. D. Murcia, E. Gomez, J. L. Gomez, A. M. Hidalgo, M. C. Montiel, J. M. Hernandez
Summary: A new methodology has been developed to calculate the kinetic parameters of enzymatic reactions, and it has been applied to esterification under solvent-free conditions. This methodology uses integral analysis to solve the reactor model and obtain an explicit expression for the reaction time as a function of substrate conversion. The kinetic parameters were determined by minimizing the sum of square differences between experimental and calculated values. The effectiveness of the parameter determination and reactor model were validated by comparing theoretical and experimental values.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gerardo Leon, Juliana Oton, Asuncion Maria Hidalgo, Maria Isabel Saavedra, Beatriz Miguel
Summary: This paper presents a comparative study on the removal of 4-aminophenol (4AP) from aqueous solutions using emulsion liquid membranes with acid and basic facilitated transports. The results suggest that the stripping process can be explained by analyzing the relative acid/basic strength of the 4AP molecule and the hydrogen-bonding capacity with water. Furthermore, the optimal conditions for the removal process are obtained through the analysis of different experimental conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asuncion M. Hidalgo, Maria Gomez, Maria D. Murcia, Elisa Gomez, Gerardo Leon, Irene Alfaro, Kueir-Rarn Lee
Summary: This study investigates the removal of three emerging pollutants - carbamazepine, ketoprofen, and bisphenol A - using the nanofiltration flat sheet membrane NF99HF. The efficiency of the membrane is evaluated through permeate flux and rejection coefficient. The study also analyzes the influence of operating pressure and feed concentration on the removal process. Experimental data is fitted to models to predict membrane behavior, showing good agreement with carbamazepine and bisphenol A data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Arvin Sohrabi, Mousa Meratizaman, Shuli Liu
Summary: This paper simulates and discusses possible solutions to improve the economic and technical performances of a battery-less renewable energy-powered BWRO system under real climate conditions. The study finds that the photovoltaic-based system performs better in terms of specific energy consumption and unused energy ratio.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlan Pan, Xiaoyin Hu, Vishal Goyal, Theyab R. Alsenani, Salem Alkhalaf, Tamim Alkhalifah, Fahad Alturise, Hamad Almujibah, H. Elhosiny Ali
Summary: This paper introduces a novel waste heat recovery method using the hot flue gas from a ship's engine to produce liquefied hydrogen while meeting the ship's air-conditioning requirement. A comprehensive feasibility assessment is conducted and an artificial neural network with a multiobjective grey wolf optimization method is used for optimization. The findings indicate the highest mean sensitivity index of the flash temperature and the best optimization scenario for exergy efficiency, CO2 emission reduction, and liquefied hydrogen cost.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Chinello, Jan Post, Louis C. P. M. de Smet
Summary: In this study, PVDF-based anion-exchange membranes were designed to selectively separate nitrate from chloride. Experimental data showed that increasing the concentration of PVDF enhanced nitrate transport but also increased the membrane electrical resistance. The selectivity of nitrate was found to be independent of the membrane thickness and mainly driven by the increased affinity between the anion and the membrane.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Umar Noor, Muhammad Fayyaz Farid, Ammara Sharif, Amna Saleem, Zubair Nabi, Muhammad Furqan Mughal, Kiran Abbas, Toheed Ahmed
Summary: Global water scarcity is increasing, and water desalination is an important solution. Multifunctional advanced materials, such as membrane materials and solar-driven desalination, play a crucial role in water desalination. Additionally, these materials can be used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and pollutant elimination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emrah Gumus
Summary: With growing global concerns about climate change and environmental impacts, the use of nuclear energy in naval vessels offers a cleaner and more efficient solution to reduce emissions and address water and energy supply challenges. This study explores a novel system that combines a nuclear-driven supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with reverse osmosis cogeneration to meet the water and electricity demands in maritime operations, enhancing the sustainability, efficiency, and self-sufficiency of naval vessels. The results indicate that the system has the potential to be a viable and effective solution for naval operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dao Thi Thanh Huyen, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young -Nam Kwon
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of a commercially available polyamide thin-film composite membrane with a zwitterionic material to enhance its fouling resistance. The modified membrane shows improved salt rejection and reduced permeability compared to the pristine membrane. Fouling tests demonstrate that the modified membrane has a lower fouling ratio and higher recovery ratio. The enhanced antifouling characteristics are attributed to the improved hydrophilicity resulting from the zwitterionic brushes and the salting-in effect.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Niklas Koeller, Lukas Mankertz, Selina Finger, Christian J. Linnartz, Matthias Wessling
Summary: This study presents a methodology to scale up Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) technology from lab-scale to pilot-scale systems. By increasing membrane area and using a stacking approach, the FCDI modules were successfully scaled up and achieved a salt transfer rate comparable to lab-scale systems. This provides a foundation for future assessments of energy demand and economics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mona Gulied, Sifani Zavahir, Tasneem Elmakki, Hyunwoong Park, Guillermo Hijos Gago, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid system that combines direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) to facilitate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine enrichment and selective lithium recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ruifeng Deng, Jiao Zhang, Lu She, Guangfeng Wei, Renyong Jia, Pengyu Xiang, Siqing Xia
Summary: A transmembrane electro-chemisorption system with authigenic acid and base was developed for enhancing ammonia recovery from strong ammonia wastewater. The system efficiently transformed ammonium into free ammonia, which was then adsorbed and recovered through transmembrane chemisorption. This system yielded pure (NH4)2SO4 product and produced valuable byproducts of pure hydrogen and oxygen. Higher applied voltage resulted in better ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alena Popova, Sandrine Boivin, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Fujioka
Summary: This study aimed to produce a high-integrity RO membrane by forming a polyamide skin layer on a TE support layer, in order to enhance the integrity of the membrane and improve the microbiological safety of potable water reuse.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sanjana Yagnambhatt, Saber Khanmohammadi, Jonathan Maisonneuve
Summary: This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The effect of temperature on water permeate flux, specific energy, permeate quality, and applied operating pressures is evaluated using an analytical model. The results suggest that under specific conditions, the tradeoff between savings in mechanical pump work and thermal energy input in thermally-enhanced RO can be favorable, leading to overall energy savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangju Si, Chenrui Xue, Shun Li, Linchao Yang, Weiwei Li, Jie Yang, Jihong Lan, Ningbo Sun
Summary: To meet the huge demand for lithium resources, there is an urgent need to develop a new efficient technology for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. In this study, a selective membrane capacitive deionization system is reported, which achieves high lithium recovery capacity and rate through the use of materials with efficient intercalated pseudo-capacitance and a high specific area porous carbon. The use of a modified thin-coated membrane allows for selective Li+ recovery, and adjusting the concentrations of Li+ and Mg2+ in the feed solution enables higher Li+/Mg2+ selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohamed R. Salem, R. Y. Sakr, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Omar A. Aly
Summary: This research proposes a new method of using wasted thermal energies as an additional heating source for solar still distillation units (SSDUs) to increase productivity and reduce pollution and global warming. By testing two SSDUs, the study shows that heating airflow can raise temperatures, enhance freshwater production, and improve system thermal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qimeng Sun, Miao Sun, Linyan Yang, Yuan Gao, Xinghai Zhou, Lihua Lyu, Chunyan Wei
Summary: This study presents an innovative design and fabrication of a fabric-based conical roll (FCR) evaporator, which enables low-temperature evaporation and achieves high evaporation efficiency with excellent thermal management ability. The evaporator has demonstrated advanced light-harvesting capability and can produce freshwater that meets drinking water standards, showing great potential for applications in desalination and sewage treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yidong Zhang, Wangfang Deng, Meiyan Wu, Chao Liu, Guang Yu, Qiu Cui, Pedram Fatehi, Chunlin Xu, Bin Li
Summary: In this study, a novel polydopamine-functionalized lignin-containing pulp foam evaporator with high-efficiency desalination and multi-contaminant adsorption capabilities was designed. The foam evaporator showed excellent light absorption, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and chelation abilities, allowing for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption synergistically. It also exhibited potential applications in metal ion concentration and contaminated seawater treatments, and demonstrated superior biodegradability compared to poly-styrene foam. This foam material holds promise for developing multifunctional photo-thermal systems for solar-driven water purification.