Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jingbo Wang, Yiming Liu, Unnati Rao, Mark Dudley, Navid Dehdari Ebrahimi, Jincheng Lou, Fei Han, Eric M. V. Hoek, Nils Tilton, Tzahi Y. Cath, Craig S. Turchi, Michael B. Heeley, Y. Sungtaek Ju, David Jassby
Summary: Membrane distillation (MD) is an effective thermal desalination process for hypersaline brines, and supplying heat directly to the feed channel can improve efficiency and performance, as demonstrated in a system using layered composite membranes.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chaouki Ghenai, Dania Kabakebji, Ikram Douba, Ameera Yassin
Summary: This paper presents the performance analysis, parametric study, and optimization of a hybrid Multi-Effect Distillation Adsorption Desalination (MEDAD) system powered by solar energy. The goal is to enhance freshwater production, reduce energy consumption, and develop sustainable methods for high salt concentration sea water desalination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yahui Li, Xiaofei Zhang, Yilin Wang, Junfeng Wang, Daoguang Wang
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of the multi-effect distillation (MED) process in dealing with high-salinity organic reverse osmosis concentrates (ROCs) through experimental and theoretical analysis. The behavior of organic impurities during evaporation and the optimization of the MED process thermally and economically were highlighted. The study also found that the performance of the MED system was significantly influenced by effect number and heating steam temperature.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sagar Saren, Sourav Mitra, Takahiko Miyazaki, Kim Choon Ng, Kyaw Thu
Summary: The novel AHT-MED system introduced in this paper combines adsorption heat transformer with multi-effect distillation system to achieve higher performance ratio and water production rate compared to traditional MED systems. By utilizing the chemical potential, the system supplies the heat generated from adsorption with a higher temperature to the first effect of the MED system, extending the temperature difference between the top and bottom brine temperatures.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Noel Peter B. Tan, Pamela Mae L. Ucab, Glebert C. Dadol, Liezl M. Jabile, Ismael N. Talili, Maria Theresa I. Cabaraban
Summary: This review article examines different desalination technologies, including thermal distillation and membrane separation, discussing their advantages and disadvantages. The researchers also discuss the challenges faced in implementing these technologies in the Philippines and present some emerging applications. The primary aim of this article is to provide insight into the potential of desalination technologies in water-stressed areas for researchers and water purification industrialists, emphasizing the importance of sustainable water production facilities.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hongya Zhang, Xiaoying Li, Ziqiang Han, Haisheng Fang
Summary: In this paper, a novel concentrator photovoltaic-membrane distilled plate type seawater desalination structure is proposed to effectively utilize photovoltaic waste heat. The performance of the photovoltaic module is simulated under different concentration ratios using a solar ray-tracing model for Wuhan, China. The thermal and electrical properties of the photovoltaic module are analyzed at different concentration ratios and mass flow rates. The performance of the hydrophobic membrane and distillation is evaluated and compared with that in the literature. The results show that the proposed structure has advantages in distillate flow rate, distillation efficiency, and specific energy consumption compared to previous studies.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Gyeong Sung Kim, Tao Cao, Yunho Hwang
Summary: This study proposed a vertical desalination system integrating vacuum membrane distillation and solar-thermal collectors to address fresh water supply shortage in urban areas. Results showed that system performance improves with increasing stage number, despite the increase in component area. The economic feasibility analysis yielded a levelized cost of 0.97 $/m3 based on real insolation data, indicating potential for advanced solar-thermal desalination systems in coastal cities.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shahzada Aly, Jasir Jawad, Husnain Manzoor, Simjo Simson, Jenny Lawler, Abdel Nasser Mabrouk
Summary: This work introduces a novel integration of Multi Effect Distillation with Absorption compressor (MED-AB) to reduce energy consumption and unit water cost. The experimental results confirm the potential of this process in achieving lower energy consumption and water production cost.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenke Xie, Jiangjiang Duan, Jia Li, Bei Qi, Rong Liu, Boyang Yu, Hui Wang, Xinyan Zhuang, Ming Xu, Jun Zhou
Summary: The novel CGH-based MD technology, with high salt tolerance and low internal vapor transfer resistance, allows direct treatment of hypersaline wastewater during long-term operation.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mahmoud Badawy Elsheniti, Amr Ibrahim, Osama Elsamni, Mahmoud Elewa
Summary: With the demand for freshwater increasing, the disposal of highly saline water from industrial processes and seawater desalination plants has become a critical environmental issue. Reverse osmosis (RO) is not effective for high salinity feed streams over 75 g/L, but membrane distillation (MD) and pervaporation (PV) techniques have shown promise in desalinating high-salinity brines. The SGMD/SGPV technique, which uses air to carry water vapor, has lower heat loss but has not been extensively evaluated at larger scales. A pilot-scale desalination device was designed and constructed, achieving high fluxes and salt rejection at different feed salinities. It also proved to be economically competitive in water production. Overall, it provides an appealing alternative for small-scale desalination systems.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Noah Yakah, Imtisal-e- Noor, Andrew Martin, Anthony Simons, Mahrokh Samavati
Summary: The use of waste incineration with energy recovery is an effective technology to reduce the volume and mass of municipal solid waste. However, the generation of polluting flue gases and the production of wastewater are major challenges. Wet flue gas desulphurization (FGD) is commonly used to clean acidic gases, while membrane distillation (MD) offers advantages in treating the wastewater.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Peter Godart
Summary: The study presents a method for seawater desalination using low-grade thermal energy, termed heat-driven direct reverse osmosis (HDRO), which can achieve high performance ratios. The research analyzes the operating principles, thermodynamics, and performance metrics of this method, demonstrating its significant potential for small-scale thermally driven desalination.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Sendhil Kumar Natarajan, Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju, Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan
Summary: The scarcity of clean and safe water is a major global issue. One possible solution is desalination, and low-temperature thermal desalination (LTTD) is an emerging trend that utilizes low temperatures and pressures. LTTD can be powered by waste heat, thermoclines, and renewable energy sources, making it more cost-effective and environmentally friendly. This article reviews the historical development of LTTD using renewable and non-renewable energy sources and provides recommendations for further improvements.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Maryam Asadi Ghalharia, Roya Mafigholamia, Afshin Takdastanb, Behnoosh Khoshmaneshzadeha
Summary: This study examined the direct applicability of Spirulina maxima for removing total dissolved solids (TDS) from artificial industrial wastewater. Results showed that increasing TDS levels reduced microalgal growth and TDS removal efficiency. Optimal conditions were determined using the response surface method and Box-Behnken Design.
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Maryam Asadi Ghalharia, Roya Mafigholamia, Afshin Takdastanb, Behnoosh Khoshmaneshzadeha
Summary: This study demonstrated that Spirulina maxima can effectively remove TDS from artificial industrial wastewater, but with increasing TDS levels, microalgal growth and TDS removal efficiency decrease.
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Arvin Sohrabi, Mousa Meratizaman, Shuli Liu
Summary: This paper simulates and discusses possible solutions to improve the economic and technical performances of a battery-less renewable energy-powered BWRO system under real climate conditions. The study finds that the photovoltaic-based system performs better in terms of specific energy consumption and unused energy ratio.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlan Pan, Xiaoyin Hu, Vishal Goyal, Theyab R. Alsenani, Salem Alkhalaf, Tamim Alkhalifah, Fahad Alturise, Hamad Almujibah, H. Elhosiny Ali
Summary: This paper introduces a novel waste heat recovery method using the hot flue gas from a ship's engine to produce liquefied hydrogen while meeting the ship's air-conditioning requirement. A comprehensive feasibility assessment is conducted and an artificial neural network with a multiobjective grey wolf optimization method is used for optimization. The findings indicate the highest mean sensitivity index of the flash temperature and the best optimization scenario for exergy efficiency, CO2 emission reduction, and liquefied hydrogen cost.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Chinello, Jan Post, Louis C. P. M. de Smet
Summary: In this study, PVDF-based anion-exchange membranes were designed to selectively separate nitrate from chloride. Experimental data showed that increasing the concentration of PVDF enhanced nitrate transport but also increased the membrane electrical resistance. The selectivity of nitrate was found to be independent of the membrane thickness and mainly driven by the increased affinity between the anion and the membrane.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Umar Noor, Muhammad Fayyaz Farid, Ammara Sharif, Amna Saleem, Zubair Nabi, Muhammad Furqan Mughal, Kiran Abbas, Toheed Ahmed
Summary: Global water scarcity is increasing, and water desalination is an important solution. Multifunctional advanced materials, such as membrane materials and solar-driven desalination, play a crucial role in water desalination. Additionally, these materials can be used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and pollutant elimination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emrah Gumus
Summary: With growing global concerns about climate change and environmental impacts, the use of nuclear energy in naval vessels offers a cleaner and more efficient solution to reduce emissions and address water and energy supply challenges. This study explores a novel system that combines a nuclear-driven supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with reverse osmosis cogeneration to meet the water and electricity demands in maritime operations, enhancing the sustainability, efficiency, and self-sufficiency of naval vessels. The results indicate that the system has the potential to be a viable and effective solution for naval operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dao Thi Thanh Huyen, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young -Nam Kwon
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of a commercially available polyamide thin-film composite membrane with a zwitterionic material to enhance its fouling resistance. The modified membrane shows improved salt rejection and reduced permeability compared to the pristine membrane. Fouling tests demonstrate that the modified membrane has a lower fouling ratio and higher recovery ratio. The enhanced antifouling characteristics are attributed to the improved hydrophilicity resulting from the zwitterionic brushes and the salting-in effect.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Niklas Koeller, Lukas Mankertz, Selina Finger, Christian J. Linnartz, Matthias Wessling
Summary: This study presents a methodology to scale up Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) technology from lab-scale to pilot-scale systems. By increasing membrane area and using a stacking approach, the FCDI modules were successfully scaled up and achieved a salt transfer rate comparable to lab-scale systems. This provides a foundation for future assessments of energy demand and economics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mona Gulied, Sifani Zavahir, Tasneem Elmakki, Hyunwoong Park, Guillermo Hijos Gago, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid system that combines direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) to facilitate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine enrichment and selective lithium recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ruifeng Deng, Jiao Zhang, Lu She, Guangfeng Wei, Renyong Jia, Pengyu Xiang, Siqing Xia
Summary: A transmembrane electro-chemisorption system with authigenic acid and base was developed for enhancing ammonia recovery from strong ammonia wastewater. The system efficiently transformed ammonium into free ammonia, which was then adsorbed and recovered through transmembrane chemisorption. This system yielded pure (NH4)2SO4 product and produced valuable byproducts of pure hydrogen and oxygen. Higher applied voltage resulted in better ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alena Popova, Sandrine Boivin, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Fujioka
Summary: This study aimed to produce a high-integrity RO membrane by forming a polyamide skin layer on a TE support layer, in order to enhance the integrity of the membrane and improve the microbiological safety of potable water reuse.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sanjana Yagnambhatt, Saber Khanmohammadi, Jonathan Maisonneuve
Summary: This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The effect of temperature on water permeate flux, specific energy, permeate quality, and applied operating pressures is evaluated using an analytical model. The results suggest that under specific conditions, the tradeoff between savings in mechanical pump work and thermal energy input in thermally-enhanced RO can be favorable, leading to overall energy savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangju Si, Chenrui Xue, Shun Li, Linchao Yang, Weiwei Li, Jie Yang, Jihong Lan, Ningbo Sun
Summary: To meet the huge demand for lithium resources, there is an urgent need to develop a new efficient technology for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. In this study, a selective membrane capacitive deionization system is reported, which achieves high lithium recovery capacity and rate through the use of materials with efficient intercalated pseudo-capacitance and a high specific area porous carbon. The use of a modified thin-coated membrane allows for selective Li+ recovery, and adjusting the concentrations of Li+ and Mg2+ in the feed solution enables higher Li+/Mg2+ selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohamed R. Salem, R. Y. Sakr, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Omar A. Aly
Summary: This research proposes a new method of using wasted thermal energies as an additional heating source for solar still distillation units (SSDUs) to increase productivity and reduce pollution and global warming. By testing two SSDUs, the study shows that heating airflow can raise temperatures, enhance freshwater production, and improve system thermal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qimeng Sun, Miao Sun, Linyan Yang, Yuan Gao, Xinghai Zhou, Lihua Lyu, Chunyan Wei
Summary: This study presents an innovative design and fabrication of a fabric-based conical roll (FCR) evaporator, which enables low-temperature evaporation and achieves high evaporation efficiency with excellent thermal management ability. The evaporator has demonstrated advanced light-harvesting capability and can produce freshwater that meets drinking water standards, showing great potential for applications in desalination and sewage treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yidong Zhang, Wangfang Deng, Meiyan Wu, Chao Liu, Guang Yu, Qiu Cui, Pedram Fatehi, Chunlin Xu, Bin Li
Summary: In this study, a novel polydopamine-functionalized lignin-containing pulp foam evaporator with high-efficiency desalination and multi-contaminant adsorption capabilities was designed. The foam evaporator showed excellent light absorption, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and chelation abilities, allowing for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption synergistically. It also exhibited potential applications in metal ion concentration and contaminated seawater treatments, and demonstrated superior biodegradability compared to poly-styrene foam. This foam material holds promise for developing multifunctional photo-thermal systems for solar-driven water purification.