Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhewei Zhang, Omkar R. Lokare, Alen Gusa, Radisav D. Vidic
Summary: Inland brackish water desalination plants typically use reverse osmosis for water production, but face challenges in disposing the reject stream. Membrane distillation offers a solution to improve performance by recovering clean permeate and reducing concentrate volume. Barite precipitation was utilized to remove sulfate from BWRO concentrate, enhancing water recovery efficiency and preventing interference with MD operations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Rafael Gonzalez-Almenara, Lourdes Garcia-Rodriguez, Antonio Munoz, Tomas Sanchez, David Sanchez
Summary: This study explores the potential of using Solar micro Gas Turbines (SmGTs) to produce electric power and heat for desalination in off-grid locations. The study provides a detailed modeling procedure and methodology and analyzes the performance of the system under different conditions. The implementation of innovative features in the SmGT improves part-load operation and increases efficiency. The study also discusses the water treatment system, including a Reverse Osmosis unit and a Zero Liquid Discharge unit.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Argyris Panagopoulos
Summary: The research evaluates the energy, economic, and environmental aspects of zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination systems in the Eastern Mediterranean, showing that ZLD brackish water systems have lower energy consumption and costs compared to ZLD seawater systems.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Furqan Tahir, Sami G. Al-Ghamdi
Summary: The Persian Gulf, especially Qatar, has high salinity levels due to constant brine discharge and shallow seawater. It is essential to develop low or zero liquid discharge desalination systems to mitigate climate change impacts and protect the marine environment.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Argyris Panagopoulos
Summary: This research article examines the technical and economic aspects of zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination systems using two different crystallization processes, and compares their water recovery rates, energy demands, and costs. The results show that both scenarios are viable, but scenario 1 has higher water recovery and greater energy and cost demands.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marwa M. El Sayed, Abdelghani M. G. Abulnour, Shadia R. Tewfik, Mohamed H. Sorour, Heba A. Hani, Hayam F. Shaalan
Summary: The study presents a zero liquid discharge agricultural drainage water (ADW) desalination system with a 98% water recovery rate and the recovery of 245,000 tons of salt, with a water production cost of USD 0.46 per cubic meter.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Mariam N. Soliman, Fatima Z. Guen, Somaya A. Ahmed, Haleema Saleem, Mohd Junaid Khalil, Syed Javaid Zaidi
Summary: Desalination plants are increasingly being used globally to meet the high demand for fresh water. However, the discharge of brine can have detrimental effects on the marine environment, emphasizing the need for proper disposal methods.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Arezoo Ghalavand, Mohammad Sadegh Hatamipour, Younes Ghalavand
Summary: Through a technoeconomic investigation, the study found that evaporation/crystallization and membrane distillation/crystallization processes had the lowest production costs and total fixed capital investments for treating brine rejected from desalination units. While the cost and output ratio of evaporation/crystallization and membrane distillation/crystallization were similar, the former was able to produce demineralized water which gave it an edge in economic value.
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yonatan Graber, Paz Nativ, Ori Lahav
Summary: The study focused on increasing the maximum recovery ratio of brackish water RO desalination plants by using a cationic ion-exchange resin to exchange Ca2+ with Mg2+ and Na+ ions in the raw water, and regenerating it with seawater. Through simulations, the goal of reducing [Ca2+] and enriching the product water with Mg2+ was achieved at no additional cost. The maximal recovery ratio was shown to be raised to 89.2% with a cost reduction of -$0.23 per additional m3 of desalinated water produced.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Argyris Panagopoulos, Vasiliki Giannika
Summary: This study presents a techno-economic & environmental analysis of minimal liquid discharge (MLD) and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) systems in the Eastern Mediterranean. The results indicated that both MLD and ZLD systems are comparable in cost to subsurface water sources and can be lucrative through the selling of fresh water.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Argyris Panagopoulos
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of a zero liquid discharge desalination system in Eastern Mediterranean countries and finds that it has high recovery rates, reasonable energy demands, and low costs compared to conventional methods.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Evangelos Balis, Jack C. Griffin, Sage R. Hiibel
Summary: Membrane distillation crystallization (MDC) is a promising technique for treating inland desalination brines to recover clean water and solid salts. This study developed a MDC system using a cascading crystallizer with extended mesh surfaces to enhance crystal growth. The results showed that MDC achieved higher water and solid salt recovery, leading to greater reduction in brine volume, while maintaining high rejection rates for all salt species.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Meku Maruyama, Shigeo Tomura, Keita Yasuda, Ryo Ohmura
Summary: This study presents a conceptual design for a hydrate-based desalination plant that can produce potable water and salt simultaneously on an industrial scale. The design meets global standards for minimizing energy requirement and environmental pollution, and it has the potential to bring gross profit comparable to existing zero liquid discharge (ZLD) plants.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Argyris Panagopoulos
Summary: This study examines the characteristics of various brine effluents from different industries and proposes methods to recover resources, prevent environmental pollution, and implement the concept of waste-to-resource. By utilizing a combination of technologies, brine can be treated and valorized in minimal and zero liquid discharge systems.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chao Ai, Lu Zhao, Mengyao Han, Siyuan Liu, Zhongyang Wang
Summary: This study evaluates the distribution of seawater desalination projects in China and proposes an overall plan for optimal water transfer paths. The results show that seawater desalination plays an increasingly important role in local water production capacity and can effectively alleviate water scarcity.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shibam Mitra, Naphtali Daltrophe, Jack Gilron
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Meital Asraf-Snir, Jack Gilron, Yoram Oren
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shibam Mitra, Naphtali Claude Daltrophe, Jack Gilron
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fei Yang, Ying Wang, Leonid Gillerman, Jack Gilron, Asher Brenner, Moshe Herzberg, Gideon Oron, Amos Bick
TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
L. Ioannou-Ttofa, I. Michael-Kordatou, S. C. Fattas, A. Eusebio, B. Ribeiro, M. Rusan, A. R. B. Amer, S. Zuraiqi, M. Waismand, C. Linder, Z. Wiesman, J. Gilron, D. Fatta-Kassinos
Article
Engineering, Chemical
B. Cohen, N. Lazarovitch, J. Gilron
Correction
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Gilron
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2015)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Gilron
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jack Gilron, Yitzhak Ladizansky, Eli Korin
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2013)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shalom Fox, Yoram Oren, Zeev Ronen, Jack Gilron
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Y. Kaufman, S. Grinberg, C. Linder, E. Heldman, J. Gilron, Yue-Xiao Shen, M. Kumar, R. G. H. Lammertink, V. Freger
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Meital Asraf-Snir, Jack Gilron, Yoram Oren
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chi Yang, Xue-Mei Li, Jack Gilron, Ding-feng Kong, Yong Yin, Yoram Oren, Charles Linder, Tao He
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Meital Asraf-Snir, Jack Gilron, Yoram Oren
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noya Ran, Jack Gilron, Revital Sharon-Gojman, Moshe Herzberg
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Arvin Sohrabi, Mousa Meratizaman, Shuli Liu
Summary: This paper simulates and discusses possible solutions to improve the economic and technical performances of a battery-less renewable energy-powered BWRO system under real climate conditions. The study finds that the photovoltaic-based system performs better in terms of specific energy consumption and unused energy ratio.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunlan Pan, Xiaoyin Hu, Vishal Goyal, Theyab R. Alsenani, Salem Alkhalaf, Tamim Alkhalifah, Fahad Alturise, Hamad Almujibah, H. Elhosiny Ali
Summary: This paper introduces a novel waste heat recovery method using the hot flue gas from a ship's engine to produce liquefied hydrogen while meeting the ship's air-conditioning requirement. A comprehensive feasibility assessment is conducted and an artificial neural network with a multiobjective grey wolf optimization method is used for optimization. The findings indicate the highest mean sensitivity index of the flash temperature and the best optimization scenario for exergy efficiency, CO2 emission reduction, and liquefied hydrogen cost.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Chinello, Jan Post, Louis C. P. M. de Smet
Summary: In this study, PVDF-based anion-exchange membranes were designed to selectively separate nitrate from chloride. Experimental data showed that increasing the concentration of PVDF enhanced nitrate transport but also increased the membrane electrical resistance. The selectivity of nitrate was found to be independent of the membrane thickness and mainly driven by the increased affinity between the anion and the membrane.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Umar Noor, Muhammad Fayyaz Farid, Ammara Sharif, Amna Saleem, Zubair Nabi, Muhammad Furqan Mughal, Kiran Abbas, Toheed Ahmed
Summary: Global water scarcity is increasing, and water desalination is an important solution. Multifunctional advanced materials, such as membrane materials and solar-driven desalination, play a crucial role in water desalination. Additionally, these materials can be used for water purification, wastewater treatment, and pollutant elimination.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emrah Gumus
Summary: With growing global concerns about climate change and environmental impacts, the use of nuclear energy in naval vessels offers a cleaner and more efficient solution to reduce emissions and address water and energy supply challenges. This study explores a novel system that combines a nuclear-driven supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle with reverse osmosis cogeneration to meet the water and electricity demands in maritime operations, enhancing the sustainability, efficiency, and self-sufficiency of naval vessels. The results indicate that the system has the potential to be a viable and effective solution for naval operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dao Thi Thanh Huyen, Saikat Sinha Ray, Young -Nam Kwon
Summary: This study focuses on the modification of a commercially available polyamide thin-film composite membrane with a zwitterionic material to enhance its fouling resistance. The modified membrane shows improved salt rejection and reduced permeability compared to the pristine membrane. Fouling tests demonstrate that the modified membrane has a lower fouling ratio and higher recovery ratio. The enhanced antifouling characteristics are attributed to the improved hydrophilicity resulting from the zwitterionic brushes and the salting-in effect.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Niklas Koeller, Lukas Mankertz, Selina Finger, Christian J. Linnartz, Matthias Wessling
Summary: This study presents a methodology to scale up Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) technology from lab-scale to pilot-scale systems. By increasing membrane area and using a stacking approach, the FCDI modules were successfully scaled up and achieved a salt transfer rate comparable to lab-scale systems. This provides a foundation for future assessments of energy demand and economics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mona Gulied, Sifani Zavahir, Tasneem Elmakki, Hyunwoong Park, Guillermo Hijos Gago, Ho Kyong Shon, Dong Suk Han
Summary: This study introduces a novel hybrid system that combines direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) to facilitate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine enrichment and selective lithium recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ruifeng Deng, Jiao Zhang, Lu She, Guangfeng Wei, Renyong Jia, Pengyu Xiang, Siqing Xia
Summary: A transmembrane electro-chemisorption system with authigenic acid and base was developed for enhancing ammonia recovery from strong ammonia wastewater. The system efficiently transformed ammonium into free ammonia, which was then adsorbed and recovered through transmembrane chemisorption. This system yielded pure (NH4)2SO4 product and produced valuable byproducts of pure hydrogen and oxygen. Higher applied voltage resulted in better ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alena Popova, Sandrine Boivin, Takuji Shintani, Takahiro Fujioka
Summary: This study aimed to produce a high-integrity RO membrane by forming a polyamide skin layer on a TE support layer, in order to enhance the integrity of the membrane and improve the microbiological safety of potable water reuse.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sanjana Yagnambhatt, Saber Khanmohammadi, Jonathan Maisonneuve
Summary: This study investigates the concept of using heat to enhance reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The effect of temperature on water permeate flux, specific energy, permeate quality, and applied operating pressures is evaluated using an analytical model. The results suggest that under specific conditions, the tradeoff between savings in mechanical pump work and thermal energy input in thermally-enhanced RO can be favorable, leading to overall energy savings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jiangju Si, Chenrui Xue, Shun Li, Linchao Yang, Weiwei Li, Jie Yang, Jihong Lan, Ningbo Sun
Summary: To meet the huge demand for lithium resources, there is an urgent need to develop a new efficient technology for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. In this study, a selective membrane capacitive deionization system is reported, which achieves high lithium recovery capacity and rate through the use of materials with efficient intercalated pseudo-capacitance and a high specific area porous carbon. The use of a modified thin-coated membrane allows for selective Li+ recovery, and adjusting the concentrations of Li+ and Mg2+ in the feed solution enables higher Li+/Mg2+ selectivity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohamed R. Salem, R. Y. Sakr, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Omar A. Aly
Summary: This research proposes a new method of using wasted thermal energies as an additional heating source for solar still distillation units (SSDUs) to increase productivity and reduce pollution and global warming. By testing two SSDUs, the study shows that heating airflow can raise temperatures, enhance freshwater production, and improve system thermal efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qimeng Sun, Miao Sun, Linyan Yang, Yuan Gao, Xinghai Zhou, Lihua Lyu, Chunyan Wei
Summary: This study presents an innovative design and fabrication of a fabric-based conical roll (FCR) evaporator, which enables low-temperature evaporation and achieves high evaporation efficiency with excellent thermal management ability. The evaporator has demonstrated advanced light-harvesting capability and can produce freshwater that meets drinking water standards, showing great potential for applications in desalination and sewage treatment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yidong Zhang, Wangfang Deng, Meiyan Wu, Chao Liu, Guang Yu, Qiu Cui, Pedram Fatehi, Chunlin Xu, Bin Li
Summary: In this study, a novel polydopamine-functionalized lignin-containing pulp foam evaporator with high-efficiency desalination and multi-contaminant adsorption capabilities was designed. The foam evaporator showed excellent light absorption, water absorption, thermal conductivity, and chelation abilities, allowing for solar evaporation and contaminant adsorption synergistically. It also exhibited potential applications in metal ion concentration and contaminated seawater treatments, and demonstrated superior biodegradability compared to poly-styrene foam. This foam material holds promise for developing multifunctional photo-thermal systems for solar-driven water purification.