Article
Cell Biology
Zhaoze Guo, Han Zhang, Yiming Fu, Junjie Kuang, Bei Zhao, LanFang Zhang, Jie Lin, Shuhui Lin, Dehua Wu, Guozhu Xie
Summary: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most common stromal cells in breast cancer, and they play a role in disease progression and chemoresistance. This study found that CAF-derived conditioned media can promote breast cancer cell growth and radioresistance. The secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) by CAFs activates the STAT3 signaling pathway, leading to the growth and radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Inhibition of STAT3 or neutralizing IL-6 can block the effects induced by CAFs. In mouse models, the IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody tocilizumab can reverse CAF-induced growth and radioresistance. Additionally, poor response to radiotherapy in breast cancer is associated with the expression of IL-6 and p-STAT3. These findings highlight the importance of the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer radiotherapy.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mai Ly Thi Nguyen, Khac Cuong Bui, Tim Scholta, Jun Xing, Vikas Bhuria, Bence Sipos, Ludwig Wilkens, Toan Nguyen Linh, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Przemyslaw Bozko, Ruben R. Plentz
Summary: The study revealed the oncogenic potential of IL-6 in cholangiocarcinoma, with siltuximab effectively inhibiting IL-6 signaling and preventing cancer progression. This suggests the essential role of IL-6 in cholangiocarcinoma carcinogenesis and the potential of siltuximab as a new treatment option for patients with this type of cancer.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Daniel Aletaha, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Kastriot Kastrati, Christian Dejaco, Maxime Dougados, Iain B. McInnes, Naveed Sattar, Tanja A. Stamm, Tsutomu Takeuchi, Michael Trauner, Desiree van der Heijde, Marieke Voshaar, Kevin L. Winthrop, Angelo Ravelli, Neil Betteridge, Gerd-Ruediger R. Burmester, Johannes W. J. Bijlsma, Vivian Bykerk, Roberto Caporali, Ernest H. Choy, Catalin Codreanu, Bernard Combe, Mary K. Crow, Maarten de Wit, Paul Emery, Roy M. Fleischmann, Cem Gabay, Merete Lund Hetland, Kimme L. Hyrich, Annamaria Iagnocco, John D. Isaacs, Joel M. Kremer, Xavier Mariette, Peter Merkel, Eduardo F. Mysler, Peter Nash, Michael T. Nurmohamed, Karel Pavelka, Gyula Poor, Andrea Rubbert-Roth, Hendrik Schulze-Koops, Anja Strangfeld, Yoshiya Tanaka, Josef S. Smolen
Summary: This paper is an updated consensus document on the medical use of IL-6 pathway inhibition in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The document provides comprehensive consensus statements based on systematic literature research and expert opinion, covering various aspects of IL-6 pathway inhibitors, including dosing, indications, and clinical considerations.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhiping Rao, Yutong Zhu, Peng Yang, Zhuang Chen, Yuqiong Xia, Chaoqiang Qiao, Weijing Liu, Hongzhang Deng, Jianxiong Li, Pengbo Ning, Zhongliang Wang
Summary: Pyroptosis is a critical type of programmed cell death that plays a key role in host defense against pathogen infection and can serve as a new strategy for cancer elimination. Excessive pyroptosis, however, may lead to inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is important to fully understand the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications of pyroptosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Santina Venuto, Anna Rita Daniela Coda, Ruperto Gonzalez-Perez, Onofrio Laselva, Doron Tolomeo, Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi, Arcangelo Liso, Massimo Conese
Summary: The lung is an important organ for gas exchange and immune response. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and its binding proteins (IGFBPs) play a role in the development of the lung as well as the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases and lung tumors. Among the IGFBPs, IGFBP-6 has emerged as a mediator of airway inflammation and tumor suppression in lung tumors. This review focuses on the multiple roles of IGFBP-6 in respiratory diseases, including its function in inflammation, fibrosis, and different types of lung cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eileen B. Doyle, Darren Bentley, Michael G. Dodds
Summary: Model-based simulations were used to assess the potential of IL-6 signalling blockade in the lung for treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study suggests that coadministration of SIL and TCZ may be necessary to effectively treat COVID-19 patients with or at risk of developing ARDS.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Ruth Davies, Jessica Williams, Katie Sime, Hyun-Sun Jin, Charlotte Thompson, Lauren Jordan, Derek Lang, Julian P. Halcox, Elizabeth Ellins, Gareth W. Jones, Simon A. Jones, Stefan Rose-John, Anwen Williams, Ernest Choy
Summary: IL-6 trans-signalling is implicated in cardiovascular disease in RA, with potential implications for atherosclerosis progression in early stages of the disease. sgp130Fc reduced arthritis severity and improved vascular function in a mouse model, while sVCAM-1 levels were associated with disease activity and cardiovascular risk in RA patients. Monitoring sVCAM-1 and other biomarkers may help identify individuals at risk for accelerated atherosclerosis in the context of RA and potentially serve as targets for therapeutic interventions.
Review
Immunology
Li Jiao, Shougang Guo
Summary: This review summarizes the research progress and prospects of anti-interleukin-6 (IL-6) therapy in the treatment of central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs).
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana M. Silva, Carina T. Ribeiro, Raquel L. Bernardino, Ivana Jarak, Rui A. Carvalho, M. A. Pereira-Sampaio, Diogo B. de Souza, Marco G. Alves, Pedro F. Oliveira
Summary: Stress and its associated hormones, such as cortisol and corticosterone, have a significant impact on reproductive functions. In this study, the researchers examined the effects of corticosterone on Sertoli cells in the testes. They found that low concentrations of corticosterone promoted glycolytic activity in the cells, without affecting cell redox power and mitochondrial respiration. Additionally, corticosterone influenced the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. These findings suggest that corticosterone plays a role in regulating the energy balance of Sertoli cells, which may ultimately impact spermatogenic performance.
Article
Oncology
Hannah Lust, Shunyou Gong, Allison Remiker, Jenna Rossoff
Summary: TAFRO is a clinical subtype of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease characterized by systemic inflammation. Steroids and IL-6 blockade are first-line treatments for iMCD-TAFRO. Some patients with refractory disease present a significant challenge in treatment.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tingting Li, Jie Pan, Hongqi Chen, Yongliang Fang, Yang Sun
Summary: This article reviews the emerging role of CXCR6 as a novel target for immunotherapy and discusses the underlying mechanism. The authors propose that CXCR6-based immunotherapy will play a significant role in various diseases.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianglei Li, Meihong Yu, Shifeng Fu, Deliang Liu, Yuyong Tan
Summary: This review summarizes the research progress and underlying mechanism of ACY-1215 in cancer and other human diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jean-Francois Rossi, Hao-Chun Chiang, Zhao-Yang Lu, Kalle Levon, Frits van Rhee, Karan Kanhai, David C. Fajgenbaum, Bernard Klein
Summary: Standard doses of anti-IL-6 therapy were found to inadequately inhibit IL-6 signaling in patients with COVID-19 or iMCD, resulting in partial inhibition of CRP production. In situations of high IL-6 production, repeated administration of anti-IL-6 therapy was shown to effectively inhibit IL-6 activity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Daniel P. Beavers, Stephen B. Kritchevsky, Thomas M. Gill, Walter T. Ambrosius, Stephen D. Anton, Roger A. Fielding, Abby C. King, W. Jack Rejeski, Laura Lovato, Mary M. McDermott, Anne B. Newman, Marco Pahor, Michael P. Walkup, Russell P. Tracy, Todd M. Manini
Summary: The study revealed that elevated levels of IL-6 and CRP are associated with an increased risk of major mobility disability (MMD) among older adults with slow gait speed. Furthermore, a combined biomarker model suggests that CRP is particularly associated with MMD when IL-6 levels are elevated.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lucinda Villaescusa, Francisco Zaragoza, Irene Gayo-Abeleira, Cristina Zaragoza
Summary: This article provides data to support the use of drugs targeting IL-6 as a rational approach to treat severe respiratory complications in COVID-19 patients. Specifically, the monoclonal antibody siltuximab has been shown to reduce IL-6 levels and attenuate the inflammatory response in these patients.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
R. J. Lurvink, L. Villeneuve, K. Govaerts, I. H. J. T. de Hingh, B. J. Moran, M. Deraco, K. Van der Speeten, O. Glehen, V Kepenekian, S. Kusamura
Summary: The article discusses the consensus statement creation process for PMP and PM, using the Delphi technique and GRADE methodology to reach consensus on treatment strategies among an international panel of experts.
Article
Oncology
S. J. Valle, J. Akhter, A. H. Mekkawy, S. Lodh, K. Pillai, S. Badar, D. Glenn, M. Power, W. Liauw, D. L. Morris
Summary: The study on using BromAc to treat mucinous peritoneal tumors showed manageable safety and some treatment-related adverse events, but no serious allergic reactions or deaths due to treatment. The treatment demonstrated significant objective response to the disease.
Review
Oncology
Sajad Fakhri, Fatemeh Abbaszadeh, Masoumeh Jorjani, Mohammad Hossein Pourgholami
Summary: Angiogenesis plays a critical role in cancer progression, regulated by drugs and natural compounds. Herbal and natural compounds show potential in inhibiting VEGF and angiogenesis for developing novel anticancer drugs.
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
R. Lo Dico, M. Faron, Y. Yonemura, O. Glehen, M. Pocard, A. Sardi, M. Huebner, D. Baratti, G. Liberale, A. Kartheuser, I de Hingh, P. Sugarbaker, W. Ceelen, B. Moran, M. Robella, F. Quenet, L. Sideris, D. Goere, M. Limbert, P. Sammartino, D. Morris
Article
Oncology
Thomas Steffen, Lukas Haller, Lana Bijelic, Markus Glatzer, Olivier Glehen, Diane Goere, Ignace de Hingh, Yan Li, Brendan J. Moran, David L. Morris, Pompiliu Piso, Claudio A. Quadros, Beate Rau, Paul Sugarbaker, Yutaka Yonemura, Paul M. Putora
Summary: This study evaluated treatment strategies among international experts in peritoneal carcinosis, focusing on the decision-making process for HIPEC in women with ovarian cancer. The results showed that HIPEC plays a significant role in both primary and recurrent ovarian cancer, with the peritoneal cancer index (PCI) being a key criterion for decision-making.
Editorial Material
Surgery
Abbas El-Hajj Hussein, Joshua D. Lansom, Nayef A. Alzahrani, David L. Morris
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Raphael Shamavonian, Joshua D. Lansom, Josh B. Karpes, Nayef A. Alzahrani, David L. Morris
Summary: This study found that the presence of signet ring cell (SRC) in appendix cancer with peritoneal dissemination is associated with worse overall survival (OS) when compared to patients without SRC undergoing CRS/HIPEC. An increase in SRC count is negatively correlated with overall survival rate.
Article
Virology
Javed Akhter, Gregory Queromes, Krishna Pillai, Vahan Kepenekian, Samina Badar, Ahmed H. Mekkawy, Emilie Frobert, Sarah J. Valle, David L. Morris
Summary: The study demonstrates that BromAc disrupts the spike and envelope proteins of SARS-CoV-2, reducing infectivity in host cells. This treatment shows potential for imminent clinical testing in patients with early SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Surgery
Shigeki Kusamura, Francesco Barretta, Yutaka Yonemura, Paul Hendrick Sugarbaker, Brendan John Moran, Edward A. Levine, Diane Goere, Dario Baratti, Eran Nizri, David Lawson Morris, Olivier Glehen, Armando Sardi, Pedro Barrios, Francois Quenet, Laurent Villeneuve, Alberto Gomez-Portilla, Ignace de Hingh, Wim Ceelen, Joerg O. W. Pelz, Pompiliu Piso, Santiago Gonzalez-Moreno, Kurt van der Speeten, Marcello Deraco
Summary: This cohort study compared outcomes between PMP patients undergoing CRS with HIPEC and CRS alone, finding HIPEC to be associated with improved overall survival.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Carly J. Carter, Krishna Pillai, Samina Badar, Ahmed H. Mekkawy, Javed Akhter, Thomas Jefferies, Sarah J. Valle, David L. Morris
Summary: The study found that the combination of Bromelain and NAC, known as BromAc, had good dissolution efficacy rates of 80% and above on biofilms produced by three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The combination exhibited significant impact on all three strains, with Bromelain degrading biofilms more effectively while NAC showed growth enhancement in two strains. The results suggest that BromAc may be a promising treatment option for eradicating biofilms formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ahmed H. Mekkawy, Mohammad Breakeit, Krishna Pillai, Samina Badar, Javed Akhter, Sarah J. Valle, David L. Morris
Summary: The study investigated the effect of intraperitoneal delivery of BromAc((R)) on colon-anastomosis healing in rats. The results showed that the rats treated with BromAc((R)) did not experience any interference with the healing process. The burst pressure and collagen density in the BromAc((R)) group were slightly higher compared to the control group, although not statistically significant.
Article
Respiratory System
Krishna Pillai, Ahmed H. H. Mekkawy, Javed Akhter, David L. L. Morris
Summary: In this study, the efficacy of BromAc as a mucolytic agent was tested on two gelatinous sputa models. The results showed that BromAc improved the viscosity and flow of the sputum, and had a greater effect compared to individual agents. Therefore, BromAc may be used as an effective mucolytic for clearing airway congestion caused by thick mucinous secretions.
ADVANCES IN RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Kevin Ke, Krishna Pillai, Ahmed H. Mekkawy, Javed Akhter, Samina Badar, Sarah J. Valle, David L. Morris
Summary: A phase 1 clinical trial of intraperitoneal BromAc for pseudomyxoma peritonei is currently ongoing, with routine blood parameter analysis of 25 patients revealing elevated inflammatory markers and decreased serum albumin levels post-treatment, suggesting an inflammatory response. However, liver enzymes, coagulation studies, and other parameters remained unaffected, indicating no additional safety concerns were identified through routine blood parameter testing.
Article
Oncology
Samina Badar, Mohamed Azarkan, Ahmed H. Mekkawy, Javed Akhter, Krishna Pillai, Rachida El Mahyaoui, Kevin Ke, Lauren Cavanaugh, David L. Morris
Summary: This study examined the proteolytic, anticancer, and antithrombotic properties of four fractions of bromelain, finding that fraction 3 exhibited the highest activity in various aspects, especially in terms of cytotoxicity. Combination of fraction 3 with various drugs also showed better results.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ahmed H. Mekkawy, Krishna Pillai, Samina Badar, Javed Akhter, Kevin Ke, Sarah J. Valle, David L. Morris
Summary: The combination of BromAc (R) with Gemcitabine showed potential efficacy and safety in treating colorectal cancer, while preliminary efficacy studies with Oxaliplatin and 5-Fluorouracil were negative. The study indicates that Gemcitabine in combination with BromAc (R) may have a role in future clinical applications.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)