Review
Ecology
Kate L. Laskowski, Chia-Chen Chang, Kirsten Sheehy, Jonathan Aguinaga
Summary: The study of individual behavioral variation is a well-established area in behavioral ecology and evolution. The major frameworks explaining the existence of such variation have mixed support, and more research is needed, especially at higher levels.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuki Matsumoto, Akitsugu Konno, Genki Ishihara, Miho Inoue-Murayama
Summary: This study investigated the genetic characteristics associated with behavioral traits of drug detection dogs by evaluating more than 120,000 genetic variants. It found that behavioral breed differences exist in 'friendliness to humans' and 'tolerance to dogs' among drug detection dogs. The study identified 11 regions potentially associated with drug detection dog characteristics and highlighted the importance of genetic traits in the breeding and training of these dogs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cihan Cakmakci
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the repeatability of behavioral traits in sheep during an arena test. Two tests were conducted over two years, showing the significant effects of year on behavioral variables and changes in correlations between traits over time. The repeatability of behavioral variables varied, with ESC having the lowest repeatability and VOC having the highest.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Aviva Charles, Yann Henaut, Michel Saint Jalme, Baptiste Mulot, Alexis Lecu, Fabienne Delfour
Summary: This study investigated the temperament of 16 captive Antillean manatees, and found that manatees exhibit boldness-shyness traits, with bolder individuals showing a preference for approaching stimuli. The study also found that boldness is associated with social behavior and interaction with humans.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elena Scumaci, Enrica Marzola, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Marianna Pellegrini, Valentina Ponzo, Ilaria Goitre, Andrea Benso, Fabio Broglio, Sara Belcastro, Chiara Crespi, Chiara D'Eusebio, Franco De Michieli, Ezio Ghigo, Simona Bo
Summary: The study found that many outpatient with obesity reported symptoms of anxiety and depression even without a formal psychiatric diagnosis. Cyclothymic temperament was positively associated with binge eating, while hyperthymic temperament showed a protective effect on both binge eating and multiple weight cycling.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Educational
Xinyin Chen, Rui Fu, Dan Li, Huichang Chen, Zhengyan Wang, Li Wang
Summary: This study found that behavioral inhibition in toddlerhood is positively related to social competence and school adjustment in late adolescence in China, with peer relationships in middle childhood serving as a protective factor for depression in inhibited children. These results highlight the unique functional meaning of behavioral inhibition in the Chinese context from a developmental perspective.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Miroslaw Karpinski, Justyna Wojtas, Aleksandra Garbiec
Summary: The assessment of animal temperament was conducted using a short questionnaire with 24 specific temperament traits. Based on observations in their natural environment, dogs were classified as introverts or extroverts. Statistical analysis revealed that 61% of the dogs exhibited extrovert traits, while 39% were assessed as introverts. A logistic regression model was constructed to assess canine temperament using the identified traits.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Alexander J. Pritchard, Ryne A. Palombit
Summary: This study used wild nonhuman primates as subjects to investigate the intra-individual variation in coping styles and stress reactivity. The experimental design introduced a combination of risk and incentive, and data were collected using focal follows and a novel experimental method. The results demonstrated the utility and validity of this experimental approach for measuring coping style and stress reactivity in wild nonhumans.
BEHAVIOURAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Paulo A. S. Moreira, Richard A. Inman, C. Robert Cloninger
Summary: Research and clinical practice often use representative data to compare and understand the personality characteristics of specific groups or individuals. Recent genomic evidence shows that human personality is organized hierarchically, with multi-trait profiles regulating emotional reactivity and goals/values, and three phenotypic networks regulating learning. This study provides a comprehensive description of personality features at a societal level using a stratified sample of Portuguese adults and highlights the prevalence of different temperament and character profiles.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kyung Eun Lee, Joon Gyu Kim, Hang Lee, Byung Sun Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of breed, sex, and age on temperament in mature horses during a novel object test. The results showed that Thoroughbreds displayed higher excitement and fear towards the novel object compared to other breeds, while older horses showed more anxiety towards novelty. There were no sex differences observed in behavioral or cardiac parameters.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Paulo A. S. Moreira, Richard A. Inman, C. Robert Cloninger
Summary: Recent research suggests that adaptive functioning and well-being in adolescents depend on the integration of learning and memory systems regulating associative conditioning, intentionality, and self-awareness. Different integrated configurations of these systems are associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. Adolescents with stable temperament and healthy characters are less likely to have clinical problems, and the integration of these profiles is crucial for mental health.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Theo Lieven
Summary: This article discusses the importance of maintaining and increasing brand equity, as well as the impact of employees on the brand. The research uses Heider's balance theory to explain how employee behavior affects brand equity.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
David J. Mitchell, Thomas M. Houslay
Summary: The study of behavioral syndromes aims to understand correlations between different behaviors, while behavioral plasticity explores variations in animal responses to environmental changes. These two phenomena, although closely related, are often discussed separately, leading to a missed opportunity to fully integrate these concepts.
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rafael M. F. de Araujo, Marina Zanotto, Leonardo R. da Rosa, Leonardo Mazzochi, Diogo R. Lara
Summary: This study analyzed the association between temperament and the progression from suicide ideation to attempt using data from a large internet-based sample. Results showed that affective temperaments, particularly depressive, cyclothymic, and volatile, were strongly associated with suicide attempts. Furthermore, cyclothymic, depressive, and euphoric temperaments were found to have higher associations for progression from ideation to suicide attempts.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Stefano Lasaponara, Gabriele Scozia, Silvana Lozito, Mario Pinto, David Conversi, Marco Costanzi, Tim Vriens, Massimo Silvetti, Fabrizio Doricchi
Summary: Cholinergic (Ach), Noradrenergic (NE), and Dopaminergic (DA) pathways are crucial in regulating spatial attention and determining inter-individual differences in temperamental traits. This study found that temperamental traits predict individual differences in the ability to orient spatial attention based on the probabilistic association between cues and targets. These findings highlight the importance of considering temperamental and personality traits in social and professional environments where attention control is essential.