Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Agata Stanek, Klaudia Brozyna-Tkaczyk, Wojciech Myslinski
Summary: PVAT plays a significant role in regulating vascular tone, thermoregulation, and VSMC proliferation. Obesity-induced dysfunction can be improved by physical activity and diet interventions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chak Kwong Cheng, Huanyu Ding, Minchun Jiang, Huiyong Yin, Maik Gollasch, Yu Huang
Summary: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) refers to the aggregate of adipose tissue surrounding the vasculature, exhibiting the phenotypes of white, beige and brown adipocytes. PVAT is actively involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and inflammation in the vascular system. The phenotype-genotype of PVAT varies in different regions of the vasculature and plays a role in cardiovascular pathogenesis. Treatments targeting PVAT may provide new therapeutic insights for cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Immunology
Hong Shi, Brandee Goo, David Kim, Taylor C. Kress, Mourad Ogbi, James Mintz, Hanping Wu, Eric Belin J. de Chantemele, David Stepp, Xiaochun Long, Avirup Guha, Richard Lee, Laura Carbone, Brian H. Annex, David Y. Hui, Ha Won Kim, Neal L. Weintraub
Summary: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to accelerated atherosclerosis. Compared to heathy control subjects, lupus patients have higher volumes and densities of thoracic aortic perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), which independently associates with vascular calcification, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the biological and functional role of PVAT in SLE has not been directly investigated.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine D. Connolly, D. Aled Rees, Philip E. James
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometre-sized vesicles released from most cells, including adipocytes. While relatively little is known about adipocyte-derived EVs (ADEVs) compared to other EV subtypes, interest in ADEVs as potential communicators in obesity is growing. Current evidence suggests that ADEVs may contribute to adipose tissue dysfunction and exacerbate cardiovascular disease in obesity.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yaozhi Chen, Zeyu Qin, Yaqiong Wang, Xin Li, Yang Zheng, Yunxia Liu
Summary: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) provides mechanical support and maintains vascular homeostasis under normal conditions, but dysfunction of PVAT may lead to vascular inflammation and diseases in pathological conditions. The pro-inflammatory crosstalk between PVAT and blood vessels could serve as a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yusuke Adachi, Kazutaka Ueda, Eiki Takimoto
Summary: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), the adipose tissue surrounding blood vessels, may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. It can potentially release inflammatory mediators and contribute to vascular pathologies under pathological conditions, while having a vasculo-protective function in a healthy state. Recent research using integrative omics approaches has advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications of PVAT in atherosclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Celestina Mazzotta, Sanchita Basu, Adam C. Gower, Shakun Karki, Melissa G. Farb, Emily Sroczynski, Elaina Zizza, Anas Sarhan, Ashvin N. Pande, Kenneth Walsh, Nikola Dobrilovic, Noyan Gokce
Summary: This study identifies an inflamed region in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) associated with atherosclerosis, with higher inflammation levels in obese individuals. Dysfunctional PVAT may contribute to vascular disease mechanisms, especially in the context of obesity.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Adrian Sowka, Pawel Dobrzyn
Summary: Adipose tissue serves as both an energy-storing tissue and an endocrine organ due to its secretion of adipose-specific factors called adipokines. Among these, adiponectin is a well-known adipokine with metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) acts on the vascular wall through adipokine secretion and adiponectin can affect the vascular wall through endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Studies have suggested that adiponectin and its receptors may be potential therapeutic targets.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsi-Hsien Chen, Hsiao-Fen Li, Tzu-Ling Tseng, Heng Lin
Summary: PVAT actively regulates vascular tone by secreting vasoactive factors or exosomes containing miRNA, protecting vascular health and counteracting the detrimental effects of obesity on cardiovascular well-being.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luisa Hueso, Patrice Marques, Brenda Morant, Herminia Gonzalez-Navarro, Joaquin Ortega, Jose T. Real, Maria J. Sanz, Laura Piqueras
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of chemokine receptor CCR4 and its ligands CCL17 and CCL22 in morbid obesity. The circulating levels of CCL17 and CCL22 were found to be elevated in morbidly obese patients and positively correlated with BMI and HOMA-IR Index. Inhibition of CCR4 function reduced leucocyte adhesiveness and activation of the ERK1/2 pathway. These findings suggest that pharmacological modulation of the CCR4 axis could be a potential therapeutic approach for preventing adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalia Santillana, Camila Astudillo-Guerrero, Amanda D'Espessailles, Gonzalo Cruz
Summary: White adipose tissue dysfunction is crucial in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic alterations related to obesity. Dysfunction is characterized by limited expansion capacity, increased adipocyte hypertrophy, altered adipokine secretion, macrophage accumulation and inflammation. Simple tools are needed to identify individuals with dysfunctional adipose tissue who are at risk of developing metabolic alterations. This review highlights the current pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging measurements for assessing white adipose tissue functionality.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hong Shi, Hanping Wu, Michael A. Winkler, Eric J. Belin de Chantemele, Richard Lee, Ha Won Kim, Neal L. Weintraub
Summary: This review article discusses the link between perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). The research suggests that inflammation within PVAT may contribute to the development of CVD. Novel PVAT imaging techniques can help define disease risk and evaluate responses to biological therapies.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Ariadna Gomez-Vilarrubla, Berta Mas-Pares, Silvia Xargay-Torrent, Anna Prats-Puig, Elsa Puerto-Carranza, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Judit Bassols, Abel Lopez-Bermejo
Summary: GDF-15 is positively associated with immunoglobulin levels in apparently healthy children, especially in those with higher body mass index or renal fat accumulation, suggesting a potential role of GDF-15 in regulating the immune adaptive system in human obesity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuan-Yuan Wang, Ya-Di Wang, Xiao-Yan Qi, Zhe-Zhen Liao, Yun-Ni Mai, Xin-Hua Xiao
Summary: Obesity is linked to chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, with alterations in adipose tissue macrophages playing a crucial role. Metabolic organs communicate with adipose tissue macrophages through secretion of organokines or exosomes, influencing obesity treatment outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yingying Xie, Ling Liu
Summary: There is a close correlation between obesity and vascular dysfunction, but the specific mechanisms are unclear. The chemerin/chemR23 axis has multifarious impacts on vascular function regulation.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
