Article
Immunology
Siddharth Krishnan, Kelly Wemyss, Ian E. Prise, Flora A. McClure, Conor O'Boyle, Hayley M. Bridgeman, Tovah N. Shaw, John R. Grainger, Joanne E. Konkel
Summary: HSPCs were found to reside and differentiate in healthy gingiva, a key oral barrier. Gingival HSPCs exhibited similar characteristics to bone marrow HSPCs but responded differently to inflammatory insults, only responding to oral rather than systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Carole Y. Perrot, Theodoros Karampitsakos, Jose D. Herazo-Maya
Summary: Pulmonary fibrosis is a disease caused by a variety of abnormal events. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), inhalational, environmental, or occupational exposures in genetically and epigenetically predisposed individuals trigger a series of recurrent abnormal events, leading to alveolar epithelial cell injury, activation of coagulation pathways, and differentiation of monocytes into monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo-AMs). Immune dysregulation plays an important role in the onset and progression of IPF, and understanding the role of monocytes and Mo-AMs is crucial for potential targeted therapies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcelle Mehu, Chandrakala Aluganti Narasimhulu, Dinender K. Singla
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by damage to the intima, inflammatory cell recruitment, and lipid accumulation followed by calcification and plaque rupture. Inflammation is believed to play a crucial role in the development and progression of the disease. This paper discusses the various types of inflammatory cells involved in atherosclerosis and their significance in the disease's development and progression. Understanding the role of these cells at different stages of the disease provides valuable insights for targeted therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie A. Kimm, Christopher Klenk, Marianna Alunni-Fabbroni, Sophia Kaestle, Matthias Stechele, Jens Ricke, Michel Eisenblaetter, Moritz Wildgruber
Summary: This review provides an overview of the origin of tumor-associated macrophages, their polarization into different subtypes, and how characteristic markers of the subtypes can be used as targets for molecular imaging and theranostic approaches.
Article
Cell Biology
Sara Martinez-Ramos, Carlos Rafael-Vidal, Jose M. Pego-Reigosa, Samuel Garcia
Summary: Spondyloarthritis is a family of chronic inflammatory diseases, with ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis being the most prevalent. Monocytes and macrophages play key roles in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Megha Srinivas, Preeti Sharma, Siddharth Jhunjhunwala
Summary: Research findings suggest that immune cells can phagocytose particles under constant fluidic flow. Different cell types show similar or better uptake rates under flow conditions. Even in the presence of crowded red blood cells, neutrophils and monocytes are able to uptake particles while flowing.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin F. Majdalawieh, Aaram E. Eltayeb, Imad A. Abu-Yousef, Sarah M. Yousef
Summary: Sesamol, a compound found in sesame seeds and sesame oil, has been shown to have lipid-lowering and anti-atherogenic properties. It affects serum lipid levels by influencing fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, as well as cholesterol metabolism. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the hypolipidemic effects of sesamol, exploring its impact on serum lipid profiles and the molecular mechanisms involved. It highlights its ability to inhibit fatty acid synthesis, stimulate fatty acid oxidation, enhance cholesterol metabolism, and modulate macrophage cholesterol efflux.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lu Zhan, Fangting Su, Qiang Li, Yueqiang Wen, Feng Wei, Zhelin He, Xiaoyan Chen, Xiang Yin, Jian Wang, Yilin Cai, Yuxia Gong, Yu Chen, Xiao Ma, Jinhao Zeng
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor with high recurrence and metastasis rates. Glycolysis plays a crucial role in CRC cell metabolism and growth. The regulation of CRC glycolysis involves several signal transduction pathways and transcription factors, and targeting this pathway has become a promising approach for CRC therapy. Phytochemicals have demonstrated anti-CRC activity by targeting the glycolytic pathway, offering a new avenue for drug development.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Joseph Hiatt, Devin A. Cavero, Michael J. McGregor, Weihao Zheng, Jonathan M. Budzik, Theodore L. Roth, Kelsey M. Haas, David Wu, Ujjwal Rathore, Anke Meyer-Franke, Mohamed S. Bouzidi, Eric Shifrut, Youjin Lee, Vigneshwari Easwar Kumar, Eric Dang, David E. Gordon, Jason A. Wojcechowskyj, Judd F. Hultquist, Krystal A. Fontaine, Satish K. Pillai, Jeffery S. Cox, Joel D. Ernst, Nevan J. Krogan, Alexander Marson
Summary: A method for delivering CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes via nucleofection into human monocytes has been developed for precise gene knockout and differentiation into macrophages or dendritic cells. This system shows promise for genetic studies of human myeloid cells in various areas such as immune signaling, inflammation, cancer immunology, host-pathogen interactions, and beyond.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ahmad Oryan, Sonia Sahvieh
Summary: Osteoporosis mainly affects older individuals and postmenopausal women, with bisphosphonates (BPs) being the most effective medication for treatment. The use of zoledronate (Zol) within the BPs family shows promising results in improving bone density and preventing fractures, making it a potential treatment option for osteoporosis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiangbi Li, Yang Sun, Zhuo Chen, Xiaoping Xie, Feng Gu, Songqi Bi, Tiecheng Yu
Summary: This review examined the effects of bisphosphonates on bone density, fractures, and bone markers in osteopenic older women. The study found that bisphosphonates had significant positive effects on bone density and bone markers, as well as reducing the risk of fractures. However, further research is needed to determine their safety.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia Kariagina, Andrea I. Doseff
Summary: Flavones, natural phytochemicals found in our diet, possess anti-inflammatory properties that can effectively control the innate immune system and inflammation. They play a significant role in chronic inflammation, particularly in obesity and cancer, by influencing molecular mechanisms. Flavones restore immune landscape by impacting innate immune cell repertoire and reestablish immune homeostasis through NF-kappa B, STAT, COX-2, or NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. With no adverse side effects, flavones could be alternative opportunities for treating and preventing chronic inflammation associated with obesity and cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
John P. Hussman
Summary: Infection by the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can lead to a range of outcomes, with severe cases possibly involving expanded viral tropism to inflammatory monocytes and macrophages, causing dysregulated immune responses. Severe clinical deterioration in COVID-19 patients may be influenced by various factors including hyperinflammatory monocyte response, release of neutrophil extracellular traps, thrombosis, and viral entry into immune cells expressing Fc gamma receptors.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Parinya Samakkarnthai, Dominik Saul, Lei Zhang, Zaira Aversa, Madison L. Doolittle, Jad G. Sfeir, Japneet Kaur, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, James R. Edwards, Graham G. Russell, Robert J. Pignolo, James L. Kirkland, Tamar Tchkonia, Laura J. Niedernhofer, David G. Monroe, Nathan K. Lebrasseur, Joshua N. Farr, Paul D. Robbins, Sudeep Khosla
Summary: In addition to reducing fracture risk, zoledronic acid has been found to extend lifespan and healthspan in animals. The study suggests that the non-skeletal actions of zoledronic acid could be due to its ability to kill senescent cells and inhibit the secretion of harmful substances from these cells. These findings highlight the potential of zoledronic acid in anti-aging therapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fiorella M. Spinelli, Paolo Rosales, Stefano Pluda, Daiana L. Vitale, Antonella Icardi, Cristian Guarise, Andrea Reszegi, Ilona Kovalszky, Mariana Garcia, Ina Sevic, Devis Galesso, Laura Alaniz
Summary: sHA can regulate anti-angiogenic effects on tumor cells and monocytes/macrophages in the context of breast and lung cancer, including by modulating endothelial migration, angiogenic factors, and vessel formation.
