Transition-Metal Catalyzed Carbon-Carbon Couplings Mediated with Functionalized Ionic Liquids, Supported-Ionic Liquid Phase, or Ionic Liquid Media

The latest developments, in which ionic liquids (ILs) have been fabricated to act as the functionalities like ligands, bases, metal complexes, reagents etc., or combined with solid materials for supported IL-phase catalysis, are reviewed herein with an attempt to present a detailed and comprehensive literature collection in conjunction with transition-metal catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling reactions (Stille, Sonogashira, Ullmann, Kumada-Corriu, Negishi, Glaser, Heck, and Suzuki). In principle, only very recent and special contributions will be summarized in this review when the ILs are used as the alternative reaction media, because an abundant literature on this topic has been reviewed before.