Review
Plant Sciences
William Agbemafle, Min May Wong, Diane C. Bassham
Summary: This review summarizes key regulatory mechanisms for modulating autophagy through post-translational modification or transcriptional regulation. Plants activate cellular responses to adapt to changing environmental conditions, one of which is autophagy, where cellular components are delivered to the vacuole for degradation. Autophagy is activated by various conditions, and the pathways controlling its activation are being elucidated. However, there is still much to discover regarding how these factors work together to properly modulate autophagy in response to specific signals.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanxiang Meng, Jarrod J. Sandow, Peter E. Czabotar, James M. Murphy
Summary: This article discusses the role of phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, GlcNAcylation, proteolytic cleavage, and disulfide bonding in regulating necroptotic signaling, with a focus on RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL. Understanding of these post-translational modifications can be valuable in efforts to therapeutically modulate necroptosis.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaojing Liu, Fengfeng Du, Linhe Sun, Jinfeng Li, Shaozhou Chen, Naiwei Li, Yajun Chang, Jian Cui, Wen Chen, Dongrui Yao
Summary: In this study, it was found that the natural mutant 'Da Sajin' in lotus may have originated from a red-flowered ancestor. Partial loss of anthocyanin pigments in white petals may result from metabolic disorder caused by light destruction. The translational and post-translational regulatory network plays an important role in anthocyanin metabolism in lotus.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Onsurang Wattanathamsan, Varisa Pongrakhananon
Summary: Microtubules play a critical role in regulating cellular activities and their post-transitional modifications have been linked to cancer behavior. This review discusses the role of microtubule post-transitional modifications in cancer aggressiveness, particularly in cell death, chemotherapy sensitivity, cell migration, and invasion. Mechanistic pathways are also explained, providing valuable information for predictive and therapeutic purposes.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arianna Landini, Irena Trbojevic-Akmacic, Pau Navarro, Yakov A. Tsepilov, Sodbo Z. Sharapov, Frano Vuckovic, Ozren Polasek, Caroline Hayward, Tea Petrovic, Marija Vilaj, Yurii S. Aulchenko, Gordan Lauc, James F. Wilson, Lucija Klaric
Summary: This study discovers both shared and protein-specific genetic mechanisms regulating the glycosylation of two different proteins. These findings are important for understanding the genetic regulation of post-translational modifications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer L. Larson-Casey, Linlin Gu, Dana Davis, Guo-Qiang Cai, Qiang Ding, Chao He, A. Brent Carter
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease linked to mitochondrial oxidative stress, with increased mitochondrial biogenesis observed in IPF BAL cells. The nuclear expression of PPAR gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) was found to be elevated in IPF, correlating with reduced pulmonary function. Akt1-mediated regulation of PGC-1 alpha plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in monocyte-derived macrophages, promoting apoptosis resistance and contributing to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
Review
Cell Biology
Chunhua Yang, Mengna Wei, Yanpu Zhao, Zhanyi Yang, Mengyao Song, Jia Mi, Xiaoyong Yang, Geng Tian
Summary: Post-translational modifications (PTMs) in pancreatic beta cells play crucial roles in insulin secretion and have significant implications for diabetes mellitus development. This article summarizes the major PTMs occurring in beta cells and their impact on insulin secretion, providing valuable insights into the understanding of insulin secretion mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for diabetes from the perspective of protein PTMs.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Tong Zhou, Mingshu Wang, Anchun Cheng, Qiao Yang, Bin Tian, Ying Wu, Renyong Jia, Shun Chen, Mafeng Liu, Xin-Xin Zhao, Xuming Ou, Sai Mao, Di Sun, Shaqiu Zhang, Dekang Zhu, Juan Huang, Qun Gao, Yanling Yu, Ling Zhang
Summary: This article mainly describes the viral protein kinases and their mechanisms of regulating viral protein function through phosphorylation. The study of post-translational modification of viral proteins is of great significance for understanding viral infection mechanisms and developing antiviral treatment.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ana Gonzalez-Garcia, Antonio Garrido, Ana C. Carrera
Summary: Genetic alterations in the PI3-kinase/PTEN pathway are common in cancer cells. Current efforts to treat PTEN-dependent tumors mainly focus on PI3-kinase inhibition, but modulating PTEN post-translational modifications could provide alternative therapeutic strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shasha Yin, Liu Liu, Wenjian Gan
Summary: The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates cell growth, proliferation, and metabolism by integrating various environmental inputs, controlling processes like nucleotide, protein, and lipid synthesis, autophagy, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of mTOR pathway is linked to diseases like cancers, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, often caused by genetic alterations or post-translational modifications. Research on PTMs-mediated regulation of mTOR signaling and targeting mTOR pathway and PTM-related enzymes for disease treatment has advanced significantly in recent years.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Juan Facundo Chrestia, Ornella Turani, Noelia Rodriguez Araujo, Guillermina Hernando, Maria del Carmen Esandi, Cecilia Bouzat
Summary: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous system and play crucial roles in vital physiological processes. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been shown to regulate different aspects of nAChR life cycle, but our knowledge in this field is still limited and many important aspects remain unknown.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Jiapei Yan, Yeon Jeong Kim, David E. Somers
Summary: The molecular components of the circadian system can act together to form a self-sustaining oscillator, but also individually or in complexes to regulate circadian control over various physiological and developmental outputs. While most studies have focused on transcriptional control, recent research highlights the importance of post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms in impacting both the oscillator function and clock-controlled outputs.
Article
Plant Sciences
Manuel Balparda, Maroua Bouzid, Maria del Pilar Martinez, Ke Zheng, Markus Schwarzlaender, Veronica G. Maurino
Summary: The flexibility of plant growth, development and stress responses is controlled by signaling cascades and genetic programs, while metabolism executes these programs through selective delivery of building blocks and energy. Photosynthetic carbon fixation is essential for plant metabolism, which is influenced by environmental fluctuations. The regulation of carbon assimilation metabolism requires versatility and rapidity to maintain efficiency. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have a significant impact on carbon assimilation metabolism, altering protein characteristics and function. The exploitation of PTMs has the potential to control metabolic flux, influence crop yields, modify metabolite composition, optimize stress tolerance, and regulate growth and developmental programs.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
J. F. Jimenez-Bremont, A. Chavez-Martinez, M. A. Ortega-Amaro, M. L. Guerrero-Gonzalez, F. Jasso-Robles, I Maruri-Lopez, Ji-Hong Liu, Sarvajeet Singh Gill, M. Rodriguez-Kessler
Summary: This article reviews the translational and post-translational regulation mechanisms of polyamine metabolic enzymes in plants. At the translational level, polyamines modulate the activity of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) to control the translation of polyamine biosynthetic and catabolic mRNAs. At the post-translational level, various aspects of the regulation of polyamine metabolic proteins are discussed.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Peng Wang, Shuiling Ji, Bernhard Grimm
Summary: This article reviews the recently described regulatory factors and their functions at three main checkpoints of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. It highlights the importance of tetrapyrroles in critical reactions in photosynthetic organisms and the potential for improving plant productivity in the context of global climate change. The post-translational regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis is discussed, with a focus on the regulatory functions of auxiliary factors. The article also explores the metabolic checkpoints and the regulation of protein stability, enzymatic activity, and spatial organization in the pathway.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
