Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Angela Fan, Phillip P. Sharp
Summary: Inhibiting eukaryotic protein translation with small molecules is effective for targeting highly proliferative cells and certain viruses. Recent studies have shown that specific small molecules can reduce cytotoxicity and expand the therapeutic opportunities for translation inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. J. David Ho, Jonathan H. Schatz, Jim Uniacke, Stephen Lee
Summary: Global translational remodeling is a key mechanism for biological adaptation, where oxygen deficiency triggers a specific translational architecture to reorganize the translatome independently of mRNA fluctuations, shifting away from the traditional dominance of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcriptional program.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Seungmin Son, Jong Hee Im, Giha Song, Sang Ryeol Park
Summary: The study demonstrates that OsSnRK1A and AtSnRK1.1 maintain energy homeostasis by suppressing protein translation, without affecting the transcription levels and stability of encoded proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joy Y. Yang, Wenwen Fang, Fabiola Miranda-Sanchez, Julia M. Brown, Kathryn M. Kauffman, Chantel M. Acevero, David P. Bartel, Martin F. Polz, Libusha Kelly
Summary: Viruses under selective pressure to maintain compact genomes depend on host cell translational machinery for reproduction, but some encode abundant tRNA and other translation-related genes to optimize for codon usage differences between virus and host. Research shows that carrying 18 tRNAs may convey selective advantages to a T4-like Vibriophage, suggesting that the main driver behind phage tRNA acquisition is to sustain translation as host machinery degrades, resulting in a dynamically adapted codon usage strategy during infection.
Article
Cell Biology
Shi-Xi Yu, Li-Qi Hu, Lu-Han Yang, Tao Zhang, Ruo-Bing Dai, Yan-Jie Zhang, Zhi-Ping Xie, Wen-Hui Lin
Summary: The RLI2/ABCE2 gene plays a crucial role in the translation process of Arabidopsis thaliana, and its mutation can lead to embryonic lethality or severe growth defects. RLI2 interacts with several translation-related factors to regulate the translational efficiency of specific proteins, ultimately modulating plant growth and development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David J. Young, Nicholas R. Guydosh
Summary: This article discusses the molecular interactions and regulation involved in ribosome recycling, as well as the consequences of inefficient recycling on disease and cellular functions. Ribosome recycling plays a critical role in protein synthesis, regulation of gene expression, and control of mRNA-associated proteins.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donna M. Lee, Angela Sun, Sneha S. Patil, Lijun Liu, Aparna Rao, Parker T. Trent, Areej A. Ali, Catherine Liu, Jessica L. Rausch, Laura D. Presutti, Adam Kaczorowski, Felix Schneider, Nduka M. Amankulor, Masahiro Shuda, Anette Duensing
Summary: Homoharringtonine (HHT) is a promising strategy to overcome TKI resistance in GIST by inhibiting protein biosynthesis and downregulating KIT expression and activation. It has shown significant reduction in nascent protein synthesis and high effectiveness in IM-sensitive and IM-resistant GIST cell lines. HHT induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, demonstrating its antitumor activity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ze Liu, Justin Wang, Yi Shi, Brian A. Yee, Markus Terrey, Qian Zhang, Jenq-Chang Lee, Kuo- Lin, Andrew H-J Wang, Susan L. Ackerman, Gene W. Yeo, Haissi Cui, Xiang-Lei Yang
Summary: Translational readthrough of UGA stop codons by selenocysteine-specific tRNA enables the synthesis of selenoproteins. In addition, this mechanism can also increase translational readthrough of non-selenocysteine genes to create C-terminally extended isoforms. The recognition of target mRNAs by seryl-tRNA synthetase is dependent on its enzymatic activity and a vertebrate-specific domain. The findings expand our understanding of selenoprotein biosynthesis and suggest a potential avenue for therapeutic targeting of nonsense mutations using endogenous factors.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yi-Han Chiu, Shu-Chuan Amy Lin, Chen-Hsin Kuo, Chia-Jung Li
Summary: Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles with fluidity, serving as the main site for cellular aerobic respiration and providing energy for cell proliferation, migration, and survival, known as "powerhouses." They play crucial roles in biological processes such as cell death and senescence. Fission and fusion of mitochondria are active processes requiring specialized proteins that regulate morphology and dynamics of mitochondria.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miao Yu, Maziar Heidari, Sofya Mikhaleva, Piau Siong Tan, Sara Mingu, Hao Ruan, Christopher D. Reinkemeier, Agnieszka Obarska-Kosinska, Marc Siggel, Martin Beck, Gerhard Hummer, Edward A. Lemke
Summary: This study investigates the conformation of FG nucleoporin NUP98 inside the mammalian nuclear pore complex. The researchers used synthetic biology and time-resolved fluorescence microscopy to directly probe the structure in live cells and permeabilized cells. They found that the channel provides a "good solvent" environment, allowing the FG domain to adopt expanded conformations and control transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stefan Borsley, David A. Leigh, Benjamin M. W. Roberts
Summary: This article discusses the impact of the structure and properties of chemical fuels on the ability to drive molecular machinery, and compares the characteristics of biological fuels with those of synthetic chemical fuels. It also identifies the challenges and opportunities for designing and inventing new chemical fuels to power synthetic molecular machinery.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vivek Shrestha, Abou Yobi, Marianne L. Slaten, Yen On Chan, Samuel Holden, Abiskar Gyawali, Sherry Flint-Garcia, Alexander E. Lipka, Ruthie Angelovici
Summary: The study investigated the regulation of seed amino acid composition in maize seeds, showing that it is a complex process involving multiple biological processes such as translation dynamics. Through genome-wide association study and gene correlation network analysis, the researchers identified candidate genes and pathways related to seed protein-bound amino acids, highlighting the importance of translation machinery in shaping seed amino acid composition. This suggests that biofortification strategies targeting translation dynamics may be effective in improving seed quality.
Article
Biology
Hanif J. Khameneh, Nicolas Fonta, Alessandro Zenobi, Charlene Niogret, Pedro Ventura, Concetta Guerra, Ivo Kwee, Andrea Rinaldi, Matteo Pecoraro, Roger Geiger, Andrea Cavalli, Francesco Bertoni, Eric Vivier, Andreas Trumpp, Greta Guarda
Summary: This study reveals the importance of MYC in NK cells and its role in regulating translation and expansion, as well as anticancer immunity. Deficiency of MYC in NK cells results in reduced numbers and impaired cytotoxic functions of mature NK cells.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jesus Fuentes-Antras, Ana Lucia Alcaraz-Sanabria, Esther Cabanas Morafraile, Maria del Mar Noblejas-Lopez, Eva Maria Galan-Moya, Mariona Baliu-Pique, Igor Lopez-Cade, Vanesa Garcia-Barberan, Pedro Perez-Segura, Aranzazu Manzano, Atanasio Pandiella, Balazs Gyorffy, Alberto Ocana
Summary: Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide and remains incurable in advanced stages. Dysregulation of post-translational machinery, particularly ubiquitination and SUMOylation, has been found to influence tumorigenesis and drug resistance, with potential implications for therapeutic intervention. Identifying and targeting these genomic alterations in ubiquitination enzymes could lead to novel drug development strategies for breast cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael VanInsberghe, Jeroen van den Berg, Amanda Andersson-Rolf, Hans Clevers, Alexander van Oudenaarden
Summary: Single-cell sequencing methods have enabled in-depth analysis of cell diversity by focusing on sequencing genomes, epigenomes, and transcriptomes. However, measuring translation in individual cells remains a challenge. The technology described in this study achieves ribosome profiling with single-codon resolution, revealing ribosome pausing and diversity in translational processes among seemingly identical cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhengjian Zhang, Brian P. English, Jonathan B. Grimm, Stephanie A. Kazane, Wenxin Hu, Albert Tsai, Carla Inouye, Changjiang You, Jacob Piehler, Peter G. Schultz, Luke D. Lavis, Andrey Revyakin, Robert Tjian
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Young J. Yoon, Bin Wu, Adina R. Buxbaum, Sulagna Das, Albert Tsai, Brian P. English, Jonathan B. Grimm, Luke D. Lavis, Robert H. Singer
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sharon Penias Navon, Guy Kornberg, Jin Chen, Tali Schwartzman, Albert Tsai, Elisabetta Viani Puglisi, Joseph D. Puglisi, Noam Adir
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2016)
Article
Cell Biology
Justin Crocker, Albert Tsai, David L. Stern
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albert Tsai, Robert H. Singer, Justin Crocker
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas R. Noriega, Albert Tsai, Margaret M. Elvekrog, Alexey Petrov, Saskia B. Neher, Jin Chen, Niels Bradshaw, Joseph D. Puglisi, Peter Walter
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jin Chen, Alexey Petrov, Magnus Johansson, Albert Tsai, Sean E. O'Leary, Joseph D. Puglisi
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Albert Tsai, Justin Crocker
Article
Cell Biology
Magnus Johansson, Jin Chen, Albert Tsai, Guy Kornberg, Joseph D. Puglisi
Article
Cell Biology
Albert Tsai, Guy Kornberg, Magnus Johansson, Jin Chen, Joseph D. Puglisi
Article
Biology
Albert Tsai, Mariana R. P. Alves, Justin Crocker
Review
Developmental Biology
Albert Tsai, Rafael Galupa, Justin Crocker
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timothy Fuqua, Jeff Jordan, Maria Elize van Breugel, Aliaksandr Halavatyi, Christian Tischer, Peter Polidoro, Namiko Abe, Albert Tsai, Richard S. Mann, David L. Stern, Justin Crocker
Article
Developmental Biology
Albert Tsai, Justin Crocker
Summary: During the maturation process, embryos experience increasingly complex spatial and temporal patterns of gene expression, which guide the morphogenesis of their bodies. This study using super-resolution fluorescence microscopy in Drosophila melanogaster embryos reveals that the nuclear distributions of transcription factors and histone modifications undergo a similar transformation of increasing heterogeneity. The spatial partitioning of the nucleus could lead to distinct local regulatory environments in space and time, enabling finer regulation of genes for consistent cell differentiation.
Article
Cell Biology
Lautaro Gandara, Albert Tsai, Mans Ekeloef, Rafael Galupa, Ella Preger-Ben Noon, Theodore Alexandrov, Justin Crocker
Summary: This study investigates the effects of hypomethylation on gene expression, morphology, metabolism, behavior, and offspring production in Drosophila melanogaster. The results demonstrate that hypomethylation disrupts gene expression and reduces phenotypic robustness. However, these phenotypic changes are only observed in specific genetic backgrounds or outside of standard laboratory environments.