Review
Psychiatry
Clare L. Melvin, Magali Barnoux, Regi Alexander, Ashok Roy, John Devapriam, Robert Blair, Samuel Tromans, Lee Shepstone, Peter E. Langdon
Summary: This systematic review aimed to consider the effectiveness of in-patient treatment for individuals with intellectual disabilities and/or autism, and compare different models of in-patient care. The results showed that in-patient admission was associated with improvements in mental health, social functioning, behavior, and forensic risk. Patients admitted to specialist intellectual disability in-patient services had greater complexity but also additional benefits.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Stephanie Petty, Amelie Trickett, Kyra Thompson, Rebeka Garbutt, Mollie Saunders
Summary: Autistic adults have a higher likelihood of experiencing anxiety and depression compared to their non-autistic peers. Clinicians need to better understand the emotional distress of autistic individuals and provide appropriate therapeutic interventions. A small sample study found that unexpected and overwhelming emotions in autistic patients were caused by fear of the unknown, loss of control, sensory demands, injustices, and everyday stressors. Autistic patients cope with these emotions by withdrawing and seeking practical help to remove the causes of distress.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Oren Shtayermman, Yiwei Zhang
Summary: Caring for a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can be challenging for parents, and their mental health may be negatively affected. This study found an association between a diagnosis of autism and elevated levels of depression in parents. It also found that a diagnosis of Asperger Syndrome in children was associated with higher levels of suicidal ideation among parents.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education, Special
Arvid Nikolai Kildahl, Linn Beate Ludvigsen, Oddbjorn Hove, Sissel Berge Helverschou
Summary: This study explores the relationship between challenging behavior and mental health symptoms in autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities. The prevalence of mental health disorder in this population is high, but identification of these disorders may be challenging. The results show a complex and multifaceted relationship between challenging behavior and mental health disorder, indicating that challenging behavior cannot be reliably used to identify specific mental health disorders.
RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Janene Elizabeth Marais, Lisa Wegner, Thuli Mthembu
Summary: Parents of children with intellectual disabilities often experience high levels of stress and depression, but there is a lack of support programs for them in healthcare services. This scoping review aims to provide a better understanding of existing support programs for parents of children with intellectual disabilities and possible future directions for development.
Article
Psychiatry
Nicole Wolff, Matthias Eberlein, Sanna Stroth, Luise Poustka, Stefan Roepke, Inge Kamp-Becker, Veit Roessner
Summary: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS/2) in different IQ-defined subgroups and explore the potential of machine learning algorithms in improving diagnostic accuracy and distinguishing individuals with different levels of IQ in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Claudia L. Hilton, Karen Ratcliff, Ickpyo Hong
Summary: The study found that friendship was the most difficult area for all children, and children with both ASD and ID experienced the most difficulties in all areas. Additionally, children who were previously diagnosed but currently have no diagnosis also faced substantial challenges.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Shimeng Chen, Juan Xiong, Baiyu Chen, Ciliu Zhang, Xiaolu Deng, Fang He, Lifen Yang, Chen Chen, Jing Peng, Fei Yin
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and genetic spectrum of 79 ASD-NDDs patients, and found that 51.3% of the patients received a genetic diagnosis. Most patients had comorbid intellectual disability or global developmental delay, as well as epilepsy. The study also identified novel candidate genes related to ASD.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kelly A. Shaw, Dedria McArthur, Michelle M. Hughes, Amanda Bakian, Li-Ching Lee, Sydney Pettygrove, Matthew J. Maenner
Summary: The study aimed to assess changes in early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its association with intellectual disability (ID) and race/ethnicity. The results showed that the likelihood of ASD identification by age 48 months was four times higher in 2016 compared to 2002, with the largest increases observed among children without ID. The median age at ASD identification among identified children decreased by 3 months during this time period. However, significant disparities in early ASD identification by race/ethnicity and co-occurring intellectual disability persist.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Ewelina Rydzewska, Kirsty Dunn, Sally-Ann Cooper
Summary: Comorbid physical conditions are common in people with ASD, including sleep problems, epilepsy, sensory impairments, atopy, autoimmune disorders, and obesity. However, the evidence base is slim and more research is needed to identify modifiable physical conditions to ensure the best outcomes for individuals with ASD.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Benedetta Demartini, Veronica Nistico, Vincenzo Bertino, Roberta Tedesco, Raffaella Faggioli, Alberto Priori, Orsola Gambini
Summary: Participants with ASDs showed significantly higher scores than neurotypical adults (NAs) on both the EAT-26 and SWEAA scales, indicating a higher prevalence of eating disturbances typical of ASDs and symptoms of eating disorders (EDs) in this population.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Melissa Washington-Nortey, Adote Anum, Zewelanji Serpell, Yaoying Xu
Summary: Little is known about care providers' expectations for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disabilities (ID) in Ghana. This study explored and compared the expectations of service providers and parents for these children using group concept mapping and a quantitative survey. The results revealed differences in expectations among parents, teachers, and healthcare providers, and highlighted the importance of cultural context.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Amy Houtrow, Ellen Roy Elias, Beth Ellen Davis, Dennis Z. Kuo, Rishi Agrawal, Lynn F. Davidson, Kathryn A. Ellerbeck, Jessica Ea Foster, Ellen Fremion, Mary O'Connor Leppert, Barbara S. Saunders, Christopher Stille, Jilda Vargus-Adams, Larry Yin, Kenneth Norwood, Cara Coleman, Marie Y. Mann, Edwin Simpser, Jennifer Poon, Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp, Alexandra Kuznetsov
Summary: Healthy sexual development requires appropriate education, absence of coercion and violence, and the acquisition of skills to navigate feelings, desires, relationships, and social pressures. Pediatric health care providers can offer anticipatory guidance and education for all children and youth, but youth with disabilities and their families report inadequate education and guidance from pediatricians regarding sexual health development.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lauren M. Little, Karla Ausderau, Ashley Freuler, John Sideris, Grace T. Baranek
Summary: This study examined the relationship between children's sensory response patterns, child characteristics, and caregiver strategies in ASD and DD children. The findings showed that caregiver strategies were specifically associated with children's sensory response patterns, regardless of age or diagnosis. Qualitative analysis also revealed distinct caregiver strategies within different sensory patterns.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hyunjin Kwon, Hyokju Maeng, Jinwook Chung
Summary: This study developed an ICT-based exergame for children with developmental disabilities (DD) and examined its impacts on physical fitness and fundamental motor skills (FMS). The results showed that the exergame program significantly improved physical fitness and three FMS (hop, overhand throw, and dribble) in children with DD except for the horizontal jump skill.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Anja Schoeps, Elizabeth R. Peterson, Yasmine Mia, Karen E. Waldie, Lisa Underwood, Stephanie D'Souza, Susan M. B. Morton
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Elias Tsakanikos, Phil Reed
LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charlotte Tye, Fiona S. Mcewen, Holan Liang, Lisa Underwood, Emma Woodhouse, Edward D. Barker, Fintan Sheerin, John R. W. Yates, Patrick F. Bolton, V. Attard, A. Clarke, F. V. Elmslie, A. K. Saggar, D. Baines, B. A. Kerr, N. Higgins, C. Brayne, I. Carcani-Rathwell, C. Connolly, M. Clifford, A. Lydon, F. Oluwo, H. Rogers, C. Srivastava, J. Steenbruggen, J. A. Cook, C. Falconer, D. M. Davies, J. R. Sampson, A. E. Fryer, M. Haslop, Y. Granader, P. D. Griffiths, A. Hunt, W. W. K. Lam, J. C. Kingswood, Z. H. Miedzybrodzka, H. Crawford, P. J. Morrison, F. J. K. O'Callaghan, S. G. Philip, S. Seri, R. Sheehan-Dare, C. H. Shepherd
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tayla McCloud, Rebecca Jones, Gemma Lewis, Vaughan Bell, Elias Tsakanikos
JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH
(2020)
Article
Education, Special
Eddie Chaplin, Jane McCarthy, Clare S. Allely, Andrew Forrester, Lisa Underwood, Hannah Hayward, Jess Sabet, Susan Young, Richard Mills, Philip Asherson, Declan Murphy
Summary: Prisoners with significant autistic traits are more likely to exhibit self-harm, suicidal thoughts, and comorbid mental disorders than neurotypical prisoners, highlighting the need for improved awareness, screening, and support for autistic individuals within the prison system.
RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Elias Tsakanikos, Phil Reed
Summary: The study found that there are individual differences in proactive interference tasks in rats, with some displaying weak latent inhibition and strong partial reinforcement extinction effect and reversal learning effects, while others showing the opposite pattern. These findings suggest that proactive interference may be based on a single underlying psychological system in rats.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexa X. D. Zhang, Holan Liang, Fiona S. McEwen, Charlotte Tye, Emma Woodhouse, Lisa Underwood, Elizabeth Shephard, Fintan Sheerin, Patrick F. Bolton
Summary: The study found that maternal tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a significant marker of increased perinatal risk. However, after controlling for confounders, there was no significant association between perinatal adversities and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charlotte Tye, Fiona S. McEwen, Holan Liang, Emma Woodhouse, Lisa Underwood, Elizabeth Shephard, Edward D. Barker, Fintan Sheerin, Nicholas Higgins, Juul Steenbruggen, Patrick Bolton
Summary: This study found an association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which may be mediated by epilepsy. The researchers also identified a developmental pathway from genetic mutation to cortical tuber load to epileptic spasm severity in infancy, ultimately leading to ADHD symptoms in middle childhood and adolescence.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Robert Ribanszki, Jose Andres Saez Fonseca, Joseph Matthew Barnby, Kimberly Jano, Fatima Osmani, Soma Almasi, Elias Tsakanikos
Summary: The study aimed to detect potential barriers to engagement and gather feedback on the current elements of app design. Results revealed timing, stigma, perception, congruity, usefulness, and user experience as key factors influencing engagement and perceived usefulness of the app.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Mark Hardaker, Elias Tsakanikos
Summary: High levels of self-reported narcissism are associated with increased sensitivity to negative evaluative stimuli, but not to positive stimuli, suggesting a defensive motivational style linked to fragile self-views rather than an adaptive self-enhancement system.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Social
Mark Hardaker, Constantine Sedikides, Elias Tsakanikos
Summary: Narcissists show hypervigilance when facing self-threat, but they are able to switch from defensiveness to self-regulation quickly, displaying equivalent reaction times to non-narcissists after being given more time to consider. This rapid and difficult-to-detect switch may explain the inconsistency in previous research findings.
Article
Criminology & Penology
Jane McCarthy, Eddie Chaplin, Andrew Forrester, Lisa Underwood, Hannah Hayward, Jess Sabet, Susan Young, Richard Mills, Philip Asherson, Declan Murphy
CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Stephanie D'Souza, Karen E. Waldie, Elizabeth R. Peterson, Lisa Underwood, Susan M. B. Morton
Article
Psychology, Social
Maha Charabi, Eugenia Kravariti, Michael W. Eysenck, Elias Tsakanikos
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Aleksandar Aksentijevic, Kaz R. Brandt, Elias Tsakanikos, Michael J. A. Thorpe