Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Bendarska-Czerwinska, Nikola Zmarzly, Emilia Morawiec, Agata Panfil, Kamil Brys, Justyna Czarniecka, Aleksander Ostenda, Konrad Dziobek, Dorota Sagan, Dariusz Boron, Piotr Michalski, Veronica Pallazo-Michalska, Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
Summary: It is increasingly common for couples to experience fertility and pregnancy maintenance disorders. These disorders can be caused by impaired androgen secretion influenced by various factors. Abnormalities in reproductive organ anatomy, hormonal imbalances, and immune system involvement also contribute to fertility problems. Treatment options depend on the duration of infertility and the patient's age, and may involve ovulation stimulation, medication use, and weight loss interventions. It is essential to accurately diagnose the underlying cause of fertility issues to determine the most appropriate treatment approach. This review provides an overview of hormone secretion disturbances in relation to fertility and pregnancy maintenance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Scott K. Powers, Erica Goldstein, Matthew Schrager, Li Li Ji
Summary: The association between muscular exercise and oxidative stress in humans was first reported over 45 years ago. It was discovered that contracting skeletal muscles produce oxidants capable of oxidizing cellular biomolecules. Exercise training increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes in muscles, which protect against exercise-induced oxidative damage.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bengt Kayser, Samuel Verges
Summary: Due to the global rise in obesity rates, there is continued interest in hypoxia as a potential mechanism and therapeutic adjunct for obesity management. Studies suggest that lifelong exposure to high altitudes is associated with a lower risk for obesity, while exposure to hypoxia can lead to negative energy balance. However, further research is needed to better understand the effects of hypoxia on appetite, intestinal microbiota, and overall energy balance in the context of obesity management.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hanne Vlieghe, Ellen C. R. Leonel, Parinaz Asiabi, Christiani A. Amorim
Summary: Theca cells play multiple roles during folliculogenesis but their recruitment process and function are not well understood. This review aims to discuss the recent advancements in the characterization and origins of theca cells, their applications in vitro culture for fertility preservation and studies, and their importance in understanding pathogenic pathways and hormonal replacement therapies. Isolation and in vitro culture techniques have improved the understanding of theca cells as a specific cell population. Unraveling the origins of theca cells in the adult ovary will assist in developing hormonal replacement therapies and treating diseases influenced by theca cells.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Konstantinos Stavridis, Olga Triantafyllidou, Maria Pisimisi, Nikolaos Vlahos
Summary: Current research suggests that BPA may have negative effects on female fertility, particularly in terms of ovarian reserve markers, IVF outcomes, PCOS, and endometriosis. However, no definite conclusions have been reached.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alexa King, Elizabeth E. Gerard
Summary: Caring for women with epilepsy requires specialized knowledge about the teratogenicity of antiseizure medications, interactions with hormonal contraception, and pregnancy outcomes. Recent research has improved our understanding of the cognitive outcomes for babies exposed to these medications in utero, and reassurance has been provided that seizure frequency tends to remain stable during pregnancy. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding the impact of epilepsy and antiseizure medications on fertility in women.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Morgan F. Orsolini, Stuart A. Meyers, Pouya Dini
Summary: This paper reviews methods to improve fertilization and pregnancy rates in horses, focusing on selecting the best sperm and novel techniques. It discusses sperm quality and sex selection for equine ICSI, as well as current and future developments in sperm sorting technologies, assessing their efficacy in other species and potential application in horse ART.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Morgan F. Orsolini, Stuart A. Meyers, Pouya Dini
Summary: This paper reviews sperm physiology, function, and common abnormalities in stallions, with a focus on establishing normal sperm parameters and assessing their impact on overall male fertility in equine in vitro embryo production.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elsa Labrune, Bruno Salle, Jacqueline Lornage
Summary: This article discusses the progress of in vitro folliculogenesis in humans, highlighting the lack of necessity for initiation activators in the first stage and the requirement for mechanical and/or enzymatic isolation of secondary follicles in the second stage. The need for further validation of this technique is also addressed.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Sevastiani Antonouli, Valentina Di Nisio, Christina Messini, Alexandros Daponte, Singh Rajender, George Anifandis
Summary: The broad concept of fertility preservation and restoration has gained significant attention in the modern western world due to its relevance in people's everyday lives. A variety of patients, driven by different health conditions and social reasons, rely on assisted reproductive technologies, particularly cryopreservation of gametes and gonadal tissues, to expand their reproductive lifespan.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jeppe F. Vigh-Larsen, Magni Mohr
Summary: Ice hockey is an intense team sport that requires fast skating, frequent changes in movement, and physical contact. The game significantly challenges both aerobic and anaerobic systems, leading to reductions in muscle glycogen, decreased stamina, and speed in the final stages of a match.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Carlos Pelayo Ramos-Sanchez, Felipe Barreto Schuch, Soraya Seedat, Quinette Abegail Louw, Brendon Stubbs, Simon Rosenbaum, Joseph Firth, Ruud van Winkel, Davy Vancampfort
Summary: Exercise has a significant therapeutic effect on individuals with anxiety and related disorders, reducing anxiety symptoms effectively. Although the study shows a certain degree of consistency, further research is needed to explore in more detail the factors affecting the effects of exercise, such as frequency, intensity, duration, type of exercise, and qualifications of the provider.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Vasiliki Kanaka, Petros Drakakis, Dimitrios Loutradis, George Th. Tsangaris
Summary: Proteomics plays a significant role in studying female fertility and infertility, providing insights for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of infertility. By studying the proteins in oocytes, endometrial environment, and fertility biomarkers following IVF, success rates of IVF can be improved.
EXPERT REVIEW OF PROTEOMICS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Agnieszka Irena Mazur-Bialy
Summary: Asprosin is a recently discovered protein released during fasting conditions that plays a role in regulating the body's energy balance. Studies have shown that levels of asprosin are elevated in obesity and related diseases, but the administration of anti-asprosin antibodies can reduce food intake. Additionally, asprosin is associated with fertility and can improve fertility potential by enhancing sperm motility.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emelyn Mathot, Keliane Liberman, Hung Cao Dinh, Rose Njemini, Ivan Bautmans
Summary: A systematic literature study on the effects of exercise on immunosenescence-related cellular markers found that long-term exercise may have positive effects on senescent T-lymphocytes in older adults, while acute exercise can induce mobilization of naive and memory cells in older adults. Data on long-term exercise-induced effects remain scarce, and the impact of exercise on regulatory T-cells is inconclusive. Studies on Natural Killer cell counts showed varied results, while recent data indicated an increase in dendritic cells after exercise. Type and intensity of exercise have a major influence on immunosenescence-related markers, especially in older adults.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)