Article
Clinical Neurology
Magnus Spangsberg Boesen, Morten Blinkenberg, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Jurgita Ilginiene, Annika Reynberg Langkilde
Summary: This study investigated the use of MRI to differentiate pediatric MS from ADEM and validated different MRI criteria. The results showed that specific MRI features can accurately distinguish between these two diseases.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Biology
Afshin Shoeibi, Marjane Khodatars, Mahboobeh Jafari, Parisa Moridian, Mitra Rezaei, Roohallah Alizadehsani, Fahime Khozeimeh, Juan Manuel Gorriz, Jonathan Heras, Maryam Panahiazar, Saeid Nahavandi, U. Rajendra Acharya
Summary: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a brain disease that causes various issues and is diagnosed using MRI, which can be time-consuming and prone to errors. Utilizing a computer aided diagnosis system (CADS) based on artificial intelligence involves conventional machine learning and deep learning methods for MS diagnosis.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magnus Spangsberg Boesen, Annika Reynberg Langkilde, Jurgita Ilginiene, Melinda Magyari, Morten Blinkenberg
Summary: The aim of this study was to propose criteria for distinguishing multiple sclerosis (MS) from acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) at onset based on age, sex, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-specific oligoclonal bands, and MRI. The study found that combining sex, age at onset, CSF-specific oligoclonal bands, and MRI provides highly reliable differentiation between pediatric MS and monophasic ADEM at onset.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shinji Ashida, Hirofumi Ochi, Mio Hamatani, Chihiro Fujii, Ryusei Nishigori, Kazuyuki Kawamura, Sadayuki Matsumoto, Masanori Nakagawa, Ryosuke Takahashi, Toshiki Mizuno, Takayuki Kondo
Summary: A retrospective study of 92 patients with multiple sclerosis revealed that 27% of them were treated with corticosteroid and/or immunosuppressant. Patients treated with CS/IS showed atypical radiological and serological findings compared to those treated with other drugs.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giovanna S. Manzano, Caleb R. S. McEntire, Maria Martinez-Lage, Farrah J. Mateen, Spencer K. Hutto
Summary: This systematic review analyzed 46 cases of ADEM and AHLE following COVID-19 infection, revealing that the majority of patients were infected with COVID-19, with 67% requiring intensive care. Most cases presented as ADEM or AHLE, with patients experiencing poor neurological outcomes.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tugce Akcan, Milan Gajera, Javad Najjar Mojarrab, Abuzaid Medani
Summary: We present a challenging case of a young woman who developed ADEM as a result of chronic cannabis abuse. This is the second case report of ADEM linked to cannabis abuse to the best of our knowledge.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Cynthia X. Wang
Summary: ADEM is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that typically presents in childhood, associated with encephalopathy and multifocal brain lesions. It is postulated to be post-infectious and related to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. Acute treatment involves high-dose intravenous corticosteroids, therapeutic plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulin.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marlene Tahedl, Rangariroyashe H. Chipika, Jasmin Lope, Stacey Li Hi Shing, Orla Hardiman, Peter Bede
Summary: This study demonstrates a strategy to track progressive cortical involvement in single ALS patients using subject-specific reference cohorts. The approach successfully corrects for demographic factors and captures relevant cortical changes associated with clinical disability. It offers a framework to interpret single T1-weighted images in ALS and track cortical propagation patterns at both individual subject and cohort levels.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karolina Kania, Wojciech Ambrosius, Elzbieta Tokarz Kupczyk, Wojciech Kozubski
Summary: In this case, a young female developed symptoms of ADEM after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, which was confirmed by MRI. She was successfully treated with methylprednisolone.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shuwen Deng, Ke Qiu, Ranran Tu, Haiping Zheng, Wei Lu
Summary: This study investigated the potential role of immune changes and activation of the HMGB1/TLR4/Nf-kappa B/IL-6 pathway at the maternal-fetal interface in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-related ADEM. The results showed increased expression levels of HMGB1, TLR4, Nf-kappa B, AQP4, and IL-6 in the patient with pregnancy-related ADEM compared to a woman with a normal pregnancy, indicating a potential association between local immune changes and ADEM pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xueshan Dong, Yan Jiang, Ping Yuan, Xiao Fan, Jiannan Ma, Peng Wu, Li Jiang, Xiujuan Li
Summary: This study compared the differences between pediatric patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) who tested positive and negative for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies in terms of clinical, radiological, therapeutic, and prognostic factors. The study included 62 patients, with 35 being MOG-seropositive and 27 being MOG-seronegative. MOG-seropositive ADEM children had lower rates of seizures and cranial nerve palsy, and isolated leukocytosis in the blood was more common in these children. The two groups showed no significant differences in MRI lesions and features. MOG-seropositive children were more likely to experience relapses and had slower steroid tapering.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abdulla J. AlZeera, Aysha Alkhaja, Dana H. Noor, Sayed Mohamed R. Alsaffar
Summary: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated disease that predominantly affects children aged five to eight years, and has been shown to be very responsive to steroids and exchange therapy. It poses a diagnostic challenge, with clinical and radiographic progression being key factors in diagnosis.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
J. Oumerzouk, M. Nabil, R. Klevor, S. Belasri, M. Chraa, N. Louhab, N. Kissani
Summary: This paper reports 3 cases of ADEM following Covid-19 infection and emphasizes the importance of understanding the different presentations of ADEM. The article discusses the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the condition, and highlights the need for clinicians to remain vigilant for ADEM in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic.
REVUE NEUROLOGIQUE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Junho Hwang, Soo Ahn Chae, Byung Chan Lim, Sun Ah Choi
Summary: This study conducted a nationwide cohort study on ADEM and found that infection control measures during the early COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced the incidence of ADEM. The incidence of ADEM decreased significantly during the first year of the pandemic.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dafni Birmpili, Imane Charmarke Askar, Lucas Dinh Pham-Van, Thomas Kuntzel, Caroline Spenle, Aurelien Riou, Dominique Bagnard
Summary: In this study, a molecular RNA signature for each phase of multiple sclerosis (MS) was established using the EAE-PLP animal model. By comparing variances of expression of known biomarkers, the study provides insights into the disease features. The research is important for understanding the pathophysiological processes and finding clinically relevant biomarkers of MS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ci-Xiu Li, Rebecca Burrell, Russell C. Dale, Alison Kesson, Christopher C. Blyth, Julia E. Clark, Nigel Crawford, Cheryl A. Jones, Philip N. Britton, Edward C. Holmes
Summary: Using metagenomic sequencing, the study identified various RNA and DNA viruses associated with encephalitis, including respiratory viruses. It also suggested that immune-mediated encephalitis may be a possible cause, and non-central-nervous-system sampling could improve diagnostic yield.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Khoa L. Nguyen, Daniel McGurty, Emily A. Innes, Robert Goetti, Terrence Thomas, Sameer Dal, Sushil Bandodkar, Jingya Yan, Melanie Wong, Russell C. Dale, Shekeeb S. Mohammad
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nicolette Soler, Reinie Cordier, Iain E. Perkes, Russell C. Dale, Paula Bray
Summary: This study evaluated the quality and utility of proxy-reported sensory measures for children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Only one measure met the criteria for good measurement properties.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Davide Martino, Tammy Hedderly, Tara Murphy, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl, Russell C. Dale, Donald L. Gilbert, Renata Rizzo, Andreas Hartmann, Peter Nagy, Mathieu Anheim, Tamsin Owen, Osman Malik, Morvwen Duncan, Isobel Heyman, Holan Liang, Andrew McWilliams, Shauna O'Dwyer, Carolin Fremer, Natalia Szejko, Velda X. Han, Kasia Kozlowska, Tamara M. Pringsheim
Summary: There has been a significant increase in adolescents and young adults seeking urgent help for functional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs) between 2019 and 2022. An international collaborative group collected retrospective data to better understand this spectrum and its clinical differences from primary tic disorders. The study findings suggest that social media exposure may be a relevant contributing factor to FTLBs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gillian M. Blue, Eddie K. K. Ip, Michael Troup, Russell C. Dale, Gary F. Sholler, Richard P. Harvey, Sally L. Dunwoodie, Eleni Giannoulatou, David S. Winlaw
Summary: This study, using whole genome sequencing, found that complex, critical congenital heart disease is distinct from other types of disease due to increased genetic burden in common variation, specifically among established CHD genes. These findings also highlight the associations with regulatory genes and environmental stressors in the final presentation of the disease.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Shrujna Patel, Brooke A. Keating, Russell C. Dale
Summary: Mental health and neurodevelopmental disorders are common and complex conditions that affect wellbeing. There is evidence suggesting a role of maternal inflammation in these disorders, and it is now known that commonly used psychiatric drugs have anti-inflammatory properties. This review summarizes the human evidence of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of psychiatric drugs and highlights the potential therapeutic implications.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Marianna Spatola, Omar Chuquisana, Wonyeong Jung, Joseph A. Lopez, Eva-Maria Wendel, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Christian W. Keller, Tim Hahn, Edgar Meinl, Markus Reindl, Russell C. Dale, Heinz Wiendl, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Kevin Rostasy, Fabienne Brilot, Galit Alter, Jan D. Luenemann
Summary: Using a systems-level approach, we investigated humoral immune responses in 123 patients with MOGAD. Our study revealed that age is a significant factor in determining MOG-antibody-related immune signatures. Moreover, we identified two dominant immunological endophenotypes of MOGAD, with the pro-inflammatory endophenotype associated with clinically active disease. Our findings suggest that FcyR-mediated effector functions control the pathogenicity of MOG-specific IgG and highlight the potential of FcyR-targeting therapies in treating MOGAD.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Katarina Ostojic, Isra P. Karem, Simon P. Paget, Alison Berg, Betty-Jean Dee-Price, Raghu C. Lingam, Russell C. Dale, Valsamma Eapen, Sue Woolfenden
Summary: Social determinants of health (SDH) have both positive and negative impacts on health and social outcomes. Understanding how SDH affects children with cerebral palsy (CP) is crucial for improving health equity, optimizing health outcomes, and supporting their families. This review examines the impact of SDH on CP children globally. In high-income countries, socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with more severe comorbidities, spastic bilateral CP, and reduced community participation. In low- and middle-income countries, socioeconomic disadvantage is linked to malnutrition, poor housing conditions, lack of sanitation, and poverty.
DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sudarshini Ramanathan, Fabienne Brilot, Sarosh R. Irani, Russell C. Dale
Summary: This article reviews the key pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of autoimmune diseases in the central nervous system, including non-modifiable risk factors, interactions between environmental factors and epigenetics, disease mechanisms associated with the loss of immune tolerance, the role of neuroimmune interfaces, and novel therapeutic approaches based on the immunopathogenesis.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catherine Morgan, Nadia Badawi, Roslyn N. Boyd, Alicia J. Spittle, Russell C. Dale, Adrienne Kirby, Rod W. Hunt, Koa Whittingham, Kerstin Pannek, Rachael L. Morton, William Tarnow-Mordi, Michael C. Fahey, Karen Walker, Kristina Prelog, Catherine Elliott, Jane Valentine, Andrea Guzzetta, Shannon Olivey, GAME Study Team, Iona Novak
Summary: This is a randomized controlled trial on early intervention for cerebral palsy (CP) children. The trial aims to investigate the efficacy of an early and sustained Goals-Activity-Motor Enrichment approach on improving motor and cognitive skills in infants with suspected or confirmed CP. The study requires 150 participants per group and the outcomes will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications, international conferences, and consumer websites.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Katarina Ostojic, Simon Paget, Tanya Martin, Betty-Jean Dee-Price, Sarah McIntyre, Hayley Smithers Sheedy, Laurel Mimmo, Heather Burnett, Timothy Scott, Alison Berg, Anne Masi, Michele Scarcella, Jack Calderan, Sheikh Azmatullah, Masyitah Mohamed, Mackenzie Woodbury, Alunya Wilkinson, Karen Zwi, Russell Dale, Valsamma Eapen, Raghu Lingam, Iva Strnadova, Susan Woolfenden
Summary: This study aims to codesign a social prescribing programme, in order to address social determinants of health concerns faced by children with cerebral palsy and their families in Australia. The study will involve young adults with cerebral palsy, parents/caregivers of children with cerebral palsy, and clinicians in the design process, and will be guided by the biopsychosocial ecological framework.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Susanna Asseyer, Nasrin Asgari, Jeffrey Bennett, Omer Bialer, Yolanda Blanco, Francesca Bosello., Anna Camos-Carreras., Edgar Carnero Contentti., Sara Carta, John Chen, Claudia Chien, Mashina Chomba, Russell C. Dale, Josep Dalmau, Kristina Feldmann, Eoin P. Flanagan, Caroline Froment Tilikete, Carolina Garcia-Alfonso, Joachim Havla, Mark Hellmann, Ho Jin Kim, Philipp Klyscz, Frank Konietschke, Chiara La Morgia, Marco Lana-Peixoto, Maria Isabel Leite, Netta Levin, Michael Levy, Sara Llufriu, Pablo Lopez, Itay Lotan, Alessandra Lugaresi, Romain Marignier, Sara Mariotto, Susan P. Mollan, Cassandra Ocampo, Frederike Cosima Oertel, Maja Olszewska, Jacqueline Palace, Lekha Pandit, Jose Luis Peralta Uribe, Sean Pittock, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Natthapon Rattanathamsakul, Albert Saiz, Sara Samadzadeh, Bernardo Sanchez-Dalmau, Deanna Saylor, Michael Scheel, Tanja Schmitz-Huebsch, Jemal Shifa, Sasitorn Siritho, Pia S. Sperber, Prem S. Subramanian, Alon Tiosano, Adi Vaknin-Dembinsky, Alvaro Jose Mejia Vergara, Adi Wilf-Yarkoni, Luis Alfonso Zarco, Hanna G. Zimmermann, Friedemann Paul, Hadas Stiebel-Kalish
Summary: This is a global study aimed at investigating the effect of early high-dose corticosteroid treatment on optic neuritis. The study will collect various data to evaluate treatment strategies and the accuracy of diagnostic criteria.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Russell C. Dale, Terrence Thomas, Shrujna Patel, Velda X. Han, Kavitha Kothur, Christopher Troedson, Sachin Gupta, Deepak Gill, Stephen Malone, Michaela Waak, Sophie Calvert, Gopinath Subramanian, P. Ian Andrews, Tejaswi Kandula, Manoj P. Menezes, Simone Ardern-Holmes, Shekeeb Mohammad, Sushil Bandodkar, Jingya Yan
Summary: Infection-triggered encephalopathy syndromes (ITES) are potentially devastating neuroinflammatory conditions. CSF neopterin and quinolinic acid are neuroinflammatory and excitotoxic metabolites that can differentiate ITES from other causes of seizures.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jingya Yan, Kavitha Kothur, Shekeeb Mohammad, Jason Chung, Shrujna Patel, Hannah F. Jones, Brooke A. Keating, Velda X. Han, Richard Webster, Simone Ardern-Holmes, Jayne Antony, Manoj P. Menezes, Esther Tantsis, Deepak Gill, Sachin Gupta, Tejaswi Kandula, Hugo Sampaio, Michelle A. Farrar, Christopher Troedson, P. Ian Andrews, Sekhar C. Pillai, Benjamin Heng, Gilles J. Guillemin, Anna Guller, Sushil Bandodkar, Russell C. Dale
Summary: CSF metabolites, including neopterin, quinolinic acid, and KYN/TRP, were found to be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroinflammation. These findings provide insights into the role of inflammatory metabolism in neurological disorders and offer opportunities for improved management of these diseases.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Tamara Pringsheim, Amit Batla, Ali Shalash, Jitendra Kumar Sahu, Carlos Cosentino, Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Jennifer Friedman, Jean-Pierre Lin, Jonathan Mink, Alexander Munchau, Daniela Munoz, Nardo Nardocci, Belen Perez-Duenas, Zomer Sardar, Chahnez Triki, Hilla Ben-Pazi, Laura Silveira-Moriyama, Monica Troncoso-Schifferli, Kyoko Hoshino, Russell C. Dale, Victor S. C. Fung, Manju A. Kurian, Emmanuel Roze
Summary: The International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society (MDS) established a working group to provide recommendations for the transition process from pediatric to adult healthcare systems for patients with childhood-onset movement disorders. Through a multi-round, web-based Delphi survey, the group developed recommendations related to team composition and structure, planning and readiness, goals of care, and administration and research.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)