Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Amalia Despoina Koutsogianni, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Konstantinos Tellis, Alexandros D. Tselepis
Summary: The article summarizes the data on OxPLs and cardiovascular risk, as well as the impact of hypolipidemic medications on Lp(a) and OxPLs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alexander Sorokin, Christin G. Hong, Angel M. Aponte, Elizabeth M. Florida, Jingrong Tang, Nidhi Patel, Irina N. Baranova, Haiou Li, Philip M. Parel, Vicky Chen, Sierra R. Wilson, Emily L. Ongstad, Anna Collen, Martin P. Playford, Thomas L. Eggerman, Marcus Y. Chen, Kazuhiko Kotani, Alexander Bocharov, Alan T. Remaley
Summary: In this study, we found that oxidized apolipoprotein B and oxidized ApoA-I are associated with high-risk coronary plaque features and progression in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marlys L. Koschinsky, Michael B. Boffa
Summary: Oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) play a crucial role in the pro-atherosclerotic effects of oxidized lipoproteins, particularly in the pathogenesis of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)). The OxPL on Lp(a) account for numerous harmful effects on various cells and their receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, and gene and protein expression. Despite being present at lower concentrations than LDL, the OxPL modification may explain why Lp(a) is such a potent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Article
Neurosciences
Yifei Dong, Charlotte D'Mello, William Pinsky, Brian M. Lozinski, Deepak K. Kaushik, Samira Ghorbani, Dorsa Moezzi, Dennis Brown, Francisca C. Melo, Stephanie Zandee, Tina Vo, Alexandre Prat, Shawn N. Whitehead, V. Wee Yong
Summary: Oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs) found in MS lesions are potent drivers of neurodegeneration, with microglia ameliorating the effects by neutralizing OxPCs that kill neurons and oligodendrocytes. Depletion of microglia exacerbates neurodegeneration in OxPC lesions, while enhancing microglia-mediated OxPC clearance via TREM2 could help prevent neurodegeneration in MS.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hongliang He, Kristen Hong, Lisha Liu, Anna Schwendeman
Summary: Despite the efficacy of current therapies in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular disease risks, there are still significant risks of morbidity and mortality from CVD in the general population. Clinical trials have been conducted to investigate the potential of direct infusion of reconstituted HDL products to reduce coronary events in CVD patients, and there is also a growing focus on developing artificial HDL-mimicking nanotherapeutics for complementary therapeutic strategies for CVD patients beyond traditional approaches.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sotirios Tsimikas, Joseph L. Witztum
Summary: Prolonged or excessive exposure to oxidized phospholipids leads to chronic inflammation. Plasma OxPL-apoB measurement provides diagnostic information on the presence and extent of atherosclerosis and improves the prognosis and risk assessment of cardiovascular disease.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dariush Mozaffarian, Kevin C. Maki, Harold E. Bays, Fernando Aguilera, Glenn Gould, Robert A. Hegele, Patrick M. Moriarty, Jennifer G. Robinson, Peilin Shi, Josefina F. Tur, Jean-Francois Lapointe, Sarya Aziz, Pierre Lemieux
Summary: This study found that omega-3-PL/FFA, a novel krill oil-derived omega-3 formulation, can reduce TG levels and is safe and well tolerated in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert Clarke, Imen Hammami, Paul Sherliker, Elsa Valdes-Marquez, Hugh Watkins, Michael Hill, Xiaohong Yang, Sotirios Tsimikas, Jemma C. Hopewell, P. R. O. C. A. R. D. I. S. Consortium PROCARDIS Consortium
Summary: This study examined the role of oxidized phospholipids carried on apolipoprotein B-100 (OxPL-apoB) and plasminogen (OxPL-PLG) in predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The results suggest that OxPL-apoB, but not OxPL-PLG, is independently associated with CHD risk and that this association is mediated by their carriage on Lp(a).
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Bagherniya, Thomas P. Johnston, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This paper reviewed the effect of bioactive natural compounds on plasma Apo B concentrations, concluding that medicinal plants and nutraceuticals can generally be used as complementary medicine to reduce plasma Apo B levels in a safe, accessible, and inexpensive manner in an attempt to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Boyan Liu, Min Zhao, Junli Xue, Qianqian Gu, Xiaoyi Zhang, Shucun Qin
Summary: The study demonstrated that inhalation of 4% H-2 reduced the accumulation of OxPLs in rats and altered the components of HDL, enhancing its antioxidative capacity. Additionally, H-2 significantly regulated the activity and expression of HDL-associated enzymes. These findings suggest that H-2 may be used as a therapeutic approach for diseases related to lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress.
Review
Hematology
Gissette Reyes-Soffer, Henry N. Ginsberg, Lars Berglund, P. Barton Duell, Sean P. Heffron, Pia R. Kamstrup, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Santica M. Marcovina, Calvin Yeang, Marlys L. Koschinsky
Summary: High levels of Lp(a) are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Genetic factors determine 70% to 90% of interindividual heterogeneity in Lp(a) levels. There is a lack of standardized assays, diagnostic guidelines, and targeted treatments for lowering Lp(a). Understanding the genetic and biological basis for variation in Lp(a) levels in different populations is crucial.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ewa Karwatowska-Prokopczuk, Lu Li, Jun Yang, Joseph L. Witztum, Sotirios Tsimikas
Summary: The study finds that Pelacarsen does not affect platelet reactivity in patients with established cardiovascular disease.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christin G. Hong, Elizabeth Florida, Haiou Li, Philip M. Parel, Nehal N. Mehta, Alexander V. Sorokin
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the relationship between oxidized LDL and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions. The findings indicate that oxidized LDL levels are significantly elevated in participants with cardiovascular disease in the presence of chronic inflammation. This suggests that oxidized LDL may serve as a useful biomarker for risk stratification of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Anna Paslawska, Przemyslaw J. Tomasik
Summary: Lp(a) is a major transporter of oxidized phospholipids and is considered a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. However, the lack of well-established treatment and guidelines for diagnosing and assessing cardiovascular risk, as well as the variation in Lp(a) levels based on race and age, and the lack of assay standardization pose challenges for clinicians. Future research should focus on developing more effective strategies for managing Lp(a)-related risks and controlling Lp(a) levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sundeep Ruder, Brett Mansfield, Andrew Ronald Immelman, Nissi Varki, Phuong Miu, Frederick Raal, Sotirios Tsimikas
Summary: This study found that darkly pigmented individuals of African ancestry with keloids have higher plasma levels of Lp(a), oxidized phospholipids, and oxidation-specific epitopes. Keloid tissue also showed strong staining for oxidized phospholipids. These findings suggest a potential involvement of Lp(a) and the innate response to oxidized lipids in keloid formation.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)