Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karen E. Elkind-Hirsch, N. Chappell, Ericka Seidemann, John Storment, Drake Bellanger
Summary: EQW/DAPA and PHEN/TPM showed the most significant reduction in weight and body fat, as well as improvements in blood glucose levels and insulin sensitivity. All drugs resulted in decreases in fasting glucose, testosterone, FAI, and blood pressure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lars Lind, Samira Salihovic, Johan Sundstrom, Solve Elmstahl, Ulf Hammar, Koen Dekkers, Johan Arnlov, J. Gustav Smith, Gunnar Engstrom, Tove Fall
Summary: This study compared the plasma metabolome in obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) to normal-weight subjects without MetS. The results showed significant differences in metabolite profiles between obese and normal-weight individuals without MetS, with a gradual deterioration in metabolite profile from lean to obese to MetS. The pathways highlighted in this study, such as amino acid synthesis/metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, may play a role in this metabolic deterioration, with insulin resistance as a potential mediator.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bashir Ahmad Laway, Mohammad Salem Baba
Summary: Sheehan syndrome caused by postpartum hemorrhage leads to pituitary hormone deficiency, resulting in various abnormalities including lipid and glucose abnormalities, increased body fat, insulin resistance, coagulation abnormalities, increased leptin concentration, low-grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Replacement with growth hormone in addition to standard hormone replacement improves the cardiometabolic profile of patients with Sheehan syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Karen E. Elkind-Hirsch, Neil Chappell, Donna Shaler, John Storment, Drake Bellanger
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide 3 mg (LIRA 3 mg) in reducing body weight and hyperandrogenism in women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that LIRA 3 mg was superior to placebo in reducing body weight, lowering androgen levels, and improving cardiometabolic parameters.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cristina Tejera, Cristina Porca, Gemma Rodriguez-Carnero, Paula Andujar, Felipe F. Casanueva, Diego Bellido, Ana B. Crujeiras
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an intensive lifestyle program in reducing the prevalence of MetS in adults with obesity. The results showed that implementation of the IGOBE program resulted in a significant reduction in MetS prevalence and better control of MetS features compared with the standard of care.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hiroki Nishikawa, Akira Asai, Shinya Fukunishi, Shuhei Nishiguchi, Kazuhide Higuchi
Summary: Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in insulin-induced glucose metabolism, with muscle loss and intramuscular fat accumulation closely linked. Skeletal muscle loss and fat accumulation are associated with various pathologies through factors such as oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and inactivity. The relationship between Metabolic Syndrome (Met-S) and sarcopenia is attracting attention, with persistent inflammation, fat deposition, and insulin resistance thought to play important roles in their association.
Review
Cell Biology
Richa Pant, Priyanka Firmal, Vibhuti Kumar Shah, Aftab Alam, Samit Chattopadhyay
Summary: Obesity is a major public health concern characterized by an increase in adipose tissue mass, which can lead to impaired metabolic health and even influence cancer progression. Dysfunction in adipocyte function is influenced by genetics and environmental factors, affecting gene expression and onset of obesity. Understanding the complexities of adipogenesis is crucial for recognizing disease conditions and identifying therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yan Hao, Ya-juan Zhu, Song Zou, Pei Zhou, Ya-wen Hu, Qi-xiang Zhao, Lin-na Gu, Hao-zhou Zhang, Zhen Wang, Jiong Li
Summary: The association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome involves various mechanisms including endoplasmic reticulum stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine releases, excess production of reactive oxygen species, alterations in adipocytokine levels, and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Susana Lauw, Nelson Kei, Po Lam Chan, Tsz Kwan Yau, Ka Lee Ma, Carol Ying Ying Szeto, Janice Su-Chuen Lin, Sunny Hei Wong, Peter Chi Keung Cheung, Hoi Shan Kwan
Summary: Increasing dietary fiber consumption from fruits and vegetables combined with synbiotic supplementation is more effective in tackling obesity by modulation of the gut microbiota and improving metabolic syndrome traits.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose E. Galgani, Rodrigo Fernandez-Verdejo
Summary: Glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids are oxidized to produce ATP for energy, and the complex adaptive systems in the body adjust fuel oxidation rates based on fuel availability. Metabolic flexibility refers to the ability of cells, tissues, or organisms to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability, which can be impaired in conditions like insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity. Mitochondrial dysfunction in these conditions has been linked to metabolic inflexibility and overall metabolic health.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shannon M. Reilly, Mohammad Abu-Odeh, Magdalene Ameka, Julia H. DeLuca, Meghan C. Naber, Benyamin Dadpey, Nima Ebadat, Andrew Gomez, Xiaoling Peng, BreAnne Poirier, Elyse Walk, Matthew J. Potthof, Alan R. Saltiel
Summary: Amlexanox improves metabolic health by promoting adipose tissue browning and increasing energy expenditure, achieved through the action of FGF21 and IL-6. Adipocyte-derived IL-6 inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis by activating STAT3, while FGF21 promotes browning of adipose tissue, leading to weight loss and improved insulin sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
George E. Zakynthinos, Vasiliki Tsolaki, Evangelos Oikonomou, Manolis Vavouranakis, Gerasimos Siasos, Epaminondas Zakynthinos
Summary: Metabolic syndrome and atrial fibrillation are closely related, as metabolic syndrome affects the left atrium in multiple ways, leading to the progression of atrial fibrillation. A holistic treatment approach can improve patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mousa Khalafi, Karim Azali Alamdari, Michael E. Symonds, Hadi Rohani, Mohammad Hossein Sakhaei
Summary: This study conducted a systematic meta-analysis to compare the effect of exercise training (Ex) combined with dietary interventions (DI) versus DI alone on insulin resistance (IR) and glucose homeostasis. The results showed that Ex + DI had a greater decrease in fasting glucose and IR compared to DI alone, but there was no significant difference in fasting insulin and body weight between the two interventions.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Isao Usui
Summary: Hypertension and type 2 diabetes often occur together due to shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Both diseases are induced by factors such as obesity-induced hyperinsulinemia, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, chronic inflammation, and changes in adipokines. Vascular complications resulting from these diseases include endothelial dysfunction, peripheral vasodilation/constriction dysfunction, arteriosclerosis, and chronic kidney disease. Insulin resistance in the vasculature and increased fluid volume are major factors contributing to elevated blood pressure in obese and insulin-resistant patients, while peripheral vascular resistance plays a major role in hypertension in non-obese and/or insulin-deficient patients.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jelena Nesic, Biljana Ljujic, Vesna Rosic, Aleksandar Djukic, Milenko Rosic, Ivica Petrovic, Nenad Zornic, Ivan P. Jovanovic, Sara Petrovic, Svetlana Djukic
Summary: Adiponectin and interleukin-33 are associated in patients with metabolic syndrome, with adiponectin potentially serving as an early marker and interleukin-33 being a potential predictor of inflammatory status in the early stage.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zoe M. Jenkins, David J. Castle, Nina Eikelis, Andrea Phillipou, Gavin W. Lambert, Elisabeth A. Lambert
Summary: Abnormalities in autonomic function have been observed in individuals with anorexia nervosa. This study used various methodologies to assess autonomic nervous system function in women with both current and past diagnoses of anorexia, as well as in healthy controls. The results showed that women with anorexia had significantly decreased sympathetic activity, potentially due to reduced energy intake, and weight-restored participants also displayed some abnormalities in autonomic function. Future studies should investigate whether autonomic activity returns to normal in long-term weight-restored participants.
CLINICAL AUTONOMIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Melissa G. Y. Lee, Taryn L. Luitingh, Phillip S. Naimo, Elisabeth Lambert, Michael M. H. Cheung, Igor E. Konstantinov, Christian P. Brizard, Gavin Lambert, Yves d'Udekem
Summary: This study investigated the functional and mental health status of young adults with previous coarctation repair and the impact of late hypertension on their quality of life. The study found that adults with previous coarctation repair reported poorer physical health and tended towards higher anxiety trait compared to healthy controls.
HEART LUNG AND CIRCULATION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Revathy Carnagarin, Janis M. Nolde, Rebecca Lee, Leslie Marisol Lugo-Gavidia, Natalie C. Ward, Gavin W. Lambert, Elisabeth A. Lambert, Murray D. Esler, Antony Walton, Marcio Galindo Kiuchi, Markus P. Schlaich
Summary: This study investigated the effect of renal denervation (RDN) on salt sensitivity in hypertensive patients and found that RDN increased salt sensitivity, which may represent a compensatory mechanism of the kidneys to maintain adequate salt handling. This finding has important implications for patient management after RDN.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Education, Special
C. C. Zwack, R. McDonald, A. Tursunalieva, G. W. Lambert, E. A. Lambert
Summary: The study shows that young adults with ID are at increased risk of obesity, engage in less physical activity than their peers, and have unhealthier diets. Knowledge about nutrition and physical activity seem to be important predictors of cardiometabolic risk in this population.
JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Clara C. Zwack, Rachael McDonald, Ainura Tursunalieva, Shradha Vasan, Gavin W. Lambert, Elisabeth A. Lambert
Summary: The study showed that adults with intellectual disabilities experience higher levels of perceived stress compared to those without disabilities, likely due to unique stressors they face. Stress is strongly associated with social isolation, obesity in females with mild intellectual disabilities, and arterial stiffness.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Michelle H. Lim, Pamela Qualter, Lily Thurston, Robert Eres, Alexandra Hennessey, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Gavin W. Lambert
Summary: The relaxation of social restrictions during the pandemic led to an increase in social anxiety symptoms, with specific demographic factors such as younger age, unemployment, lower wealth, and living alone influencing depression, loneliness, and social anxiety. Those aged over 25 years reduced their depression symptoms faster, while those younger than 25 years and unemployed individuals experienced faster increases in social anxiety over time.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Murray Esler, Marlies Alvarenga, David Barton, Garry Jennings, David Kaye, Ling Guo, Rosemary Schwarz, Gavin Lambert
Summary: In this study, we found abnormal brain serotonin turnover in patients with major depressive illness (MDD) and panic disorder (PD), while brain noradrenaline turnover was normal. The abnormality in serotonin turnover may be related to panic attacks, but the causal relationship is still uncertain. The abnormal serotonin turnover was normalized in patients with MDD and PD during clinical remission with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
David M. Kaye, Shane Nanayakkara, Bing Wang, Waled Shihata, Francine Z. Marques, Murray Esler, Gavin Lambert, Justin Mariani
Summary: The study revealed systemic and cardiac sympathetic activation in HFpEF patients, but no local release of inflammatory cytokines in the myocardium. Activation of the sympathetic system correlated with hemodynamic and demographic factors in HFpEF, suggesting a potential role for antiadrenergic therapies in some patients. The study did not implicate locally derived cytokines in the myocardial biology of HFpEF, although systemic sources may contribute to the global pathophysiology of the condition.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Edgar M. Hidalgo, Leah Wright, Mats Isaksson, Gavin Lambert, Thomas H. Marwick
Summary: With advances in robotics and telecommunications, robot-assisted teleoperated ultrasound examination can help with medical diagnosis in remote areas, reducing health inequalities. Studies have shown that robots can safely perform ultrasound examinations by following the hand movements of sonographers and researchers. However, real-time transmission of video and ultrasound images requires high bandwidth, and improvements are needed in robot control and interface design.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Revathy Carnagarin, Janis M. Nolde, Jun Yang, Francine Z. Marques, Dean S. Picone, Gavin W. Lambert, Thomas Beaney, Neil R. Poulter, Aletta E. Schutte, Christopher M. Reid, Derrin Brockman, Markus P. Schlaich
Summary: The awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension in Australia are substantially lower than global and high-income country rates, indicating the need for collaborative efforts to improve the situation.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fakir M. Amirul Islam, Mohammad Ariful Islam, Mohammad Arzan Hosen, Elisabeth A. Lambert, Ralph Maddison, Gavin W. Lambert, Bruce R. Thompson
Summary: Engaging in high physical activity and having a positive attitude towards physical activity are associated with lower blood pressure levels in rural Bangladesh. Awareness programs should be implemented to promote the benefits of physical activity and increase participation in high physical activity.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Daniel J. van den Hoek, Clint T. Miller, Steve F. Fraser, Steve E. Selig, Toni Rice, Mariee Grima, Carolina Ika Sari, Gavin W. Lambert, John B. Dixon
Summary: This study explored the effects of dietary weight loss intervention, with and without exercise, on health-related quality of life, depressive symptoms, and anxiety in premenopausal women. The results showed that the addition of exercise to energy restriction had a significant positive impact on health-related quality of life, depressive symptoms, and state and trait anxiety scores. Exercise can improve mental health and quality of life in women with severe obesity without further weight loss.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Gianni Sesa-ashton, Janis M. Nolde, Ida Muente, Revathy Carnagarin, Rebecca Lee, Vaughan G. Macefield, Tye Dawood, Yusuke Sata, Elisabeth A. Lambert, Gavin W. Lambert, Antony Walton, Marcio G. Kiuchi, Murray D. Esler, Markus P. Schlaich
Summary: Long-term follow-up studies on catheter-based renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension show that the method can still effectively reduce blood pressure and decrease medication usage after nearly 9 years of follow-up, without any adverse effects on renal function.
Article
Cell Biology
Aeson Chang, Edoardo Botteri, Ryan D. Gillis, Lukas Lofling, Caroline P. Le, Alexandra I. Ziegler, Ni-Chun Chung, Matthew C. Rowe, Stewart A. Fabb, Brigham J. Hartley, Cameron J. Nowell, Sasagu Kurozumi, Sara Gandini, Elisabetta Munzone, Emilia Montagna, Nina Eikelis, Sarah E. Phillips, Chikako Honda, Kei Masuda, Ayaka Katayama, Tetsunari Oyama, Steve W. Cole, Gavin W. Lambert, Adam K. Walker, Erica K. Sloan
Summary: We found a relationship between beta-blocker use and anthracycline chemotherapy in protecting against TNBC progression, disease recurrence, and mortality. Beta-blockade improved the efficacy of anthracycline chemotherapy in TNBC mouse models by reducing metastatic development. Anthracycline chemotherapy increased sympathetic nerve fiber activity and norepinephrine concentration in mammary tumors, but this effect can be overcome by inhibiting beta 2-adrenergic signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mansi Patil, Radhika Prashant Hedaoo, Rohan Pravinbhai Shah, Syed Mohammad Tauseef, Roy Rillera Marzo, Siew Mooi Ching, Gavin Lambert
Summary: The burden of hypertension has been increasing, and besides the risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease, it also affects the quality of life (QoL) of individuals. This study aimed to assess the QoL of hypertensive men undergoing treatment in India. The results showed that patients with uncontrolled hypertension had significantly poorer QoL compared to those with controlled blood pressure.
INQUIRY-THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION PROVISION AND FINANCING
(2023)
