Review
Cell Biology
Priscilla W. Tang, Leonard Frisbie, Nadine Hempel, Lan Coffman
Summary: This review examines the metabolic characteristics of cellular components in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer, with a focus on the metabolic interactions between stromal cells and tumor cells, as well as the impact of stromal and tumor cell metabolites on intratumoral immune cell metabolism and function. The findings highlight the significant influence of TME metabolism on cancer progression, emphasizing the need for further research and therapeutic development.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Umesh Ghoshdastider, Neha Rohatgi, Marjan Mojtabavi Naeini, Probhonjon Baruah, Egor Revkov, Yu Amanda Guo, Simone Rizzetto, Angeline M. L. Wong, Sundar Solai, Tin T. Nguyen, Joe Poh Sheng Yeong, Jabed Iqbal, Puay Hoon Tan, Balram Chowbay, Ramanuj Dasgupta, Anders J. Skanderup
Summary: This study deconvoluted bulk tumor transcriptomes across multiple cancer types to infer cross-talk in the tumor microenvironment. The results show that signaling between cancer and stromal cells varies between tissues, and there are high levels of interactions at immune checkpoints across different tumor types.
Review
Oncology
Deborah A. Silverman, Vena K. Martinez, Patrick M. Dougherty, Jeffrey N. Myers, George A. Calin, Moran Amit
Summary: Recent research has shown that high intratumoral nerve density is associated with poor prognosis and high recurrence rates across various solid tumor types. Cancer cells express neurotrophic markers and release axon-guidance molecules to promote axonogenesis. Tumors recruit new neural progenitors and rewire established nerves to adrenergic phenotypes, which in turn, facilitate cancer progression through various mechanisms such as stimulating angiogenesis and promoting the expansion of cancer stem cells.
Review
Immunology
Johanna Bodder, Tasmin Zahan, Rianne van Slooten, Gerty Schreibelt, I. Jolanda M. de Vries, Georgina Florez-Grau
Summary: Immunotherapeutic approaches have revolutionized the treatment of diseases like cancer, with a focus on modulating anti-tumor immune responses. Natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) play crucial roles in cancer immunotherapy, and their bidirectional cross-talk within the tumor microenvironment is essential for treatment success.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Abigail G. Harvey, Athens M. Graves, Chandana K. Uppalapati, Saoirse M. Matthews, Stephanie Rosenberg, Emma G. Parent, Madison H. Fagerlie, Jack Guinan, Brina S. Lopez, Lisa M. Kronstad
Summary: Influenza viruses cause a significant amount of disease and death. The interaction between dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells has been found to play an important regulatory role in T cell response during influenza infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lena Batoon, Laurie K. McCauley
Summary: The skeleton is a common site for cancer metastases due to the bone microenvironment providing conditions for cancer cell colonization. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play a critical role in regulating tumorigenicity in multiple cancers, but their interactions with cancer cells in bone metastases are not fully understood. Studying these interactions may provide insights into the mechanisms of bone metastases and potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Xi Zhang, Tianhui He, Yuan Li, Ling Chen, Hongyu Liu, Yu Wu, Hongyan Guo
Summary: Ovarian cancer is characterized by uncertain presentation and poor outcomes, with surgery and chemotherapy being the current basis of treatment. However, there are limitations due to advanced stage at diagnosis and high recurrence rate. The use of anti-VEGF agents, PARP inhibitors, and immunotherapies are being explored to enhance treatment outcomes, but the population that can benefit from these treatments remains limited.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Cadenas-De Miguel, Giulia Lucianer, Ilaria Elia
Summary: The metabolic interaction between cancer cells and T cells plays a crucial role in cancer formation and progression. Cancer cells possess metabolic plasticity and adapt their metabolism to meet their specific needs. However, the nutrient-deprived tumor microenvironment forces these cells to compete for limited resources. The hyperactive metabolism of tumor cells often suppresses the immune response while promoting tumor-promoting T cells, leading to uncontrolled cancer growth. Identification of metabolic pathways that shift the immune phenotype from pro-tumorigenic to anti-tumorigenic is essential for enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ali Baradaran, Zahra Asadzadeh, Nima Hemmat, Amir Baghbanzadeh, Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad, Neda Khosravi, Afshin Derakhshani, Hajar Alemohammad, Mina Afrashteh Nour, Hossein Safarpour, Nicola Silvestris, Oronzo Brunetti, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: TAMs play important roles in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to tumor development, chemoresistance, immune evasion, and metastasis. The interaction between TAMs and tumoral endothelial cells has a significant impact on tumor angiogenesis and immune evasion. Therefore, targeting TAMs and their interaction could be a promising strategy for improving cancer treatment.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cong Xia, Yantao Cai, Shuangyi Ren, Chenglai Xia
Summary: The human gut microbiota plays a significant role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer, and manipulating the gut microbiota could be a novel approach for prevention and treatment. Specific bacteria have been found to have anti-tumor activity and can improve the tumor microenvironment by activating immune cells and upregulating the secretion of pro-tumor immune cytokines. This paper summarizes the potential benefits of certain bacteria in colorectal cancer, highlights their roles in the tumor microenvironment, discusses the application of gut microbes in combination with immunosuppressive agents, and provides suggestions for further experimental studies and clinical practice applications.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rabab N. Hamzah, Karrer M. Alghazali, Alexandru S. Biris, Robert J. Griffin
Summary: Exosomes are small vesicles produced by various cell types that can transfer cellular components to target cells and affect cell signaling. Recent research suggests that the outcomes of exosome communication depend on the cell type and host cell environment. Key questions remain in cancer research regarding the selectivity of exosome uptake, methods for tracing uptake selectivity, and the impact of donor cell growth environment on cell interaction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rindert Missiaen, Nicholas P. Lesner, M. Celeste Simon
Summary: The role of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in regulating tumor cell metabolism under hypoxia has been extensively studied, but their role in regulating nutrient fates in tumor and stromal cells is not well understood. HIF and nutrients in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can influence the metabolism of stromal and immune cells, as well as tumor cells. This review discusses how HIF-mediated mechanisms regulate nutrient sensing and availability in the TME, the competition for nutrients, and the metabolic crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells.
Review
Pathology
Ahmed Hjazi, Rasha Fadhel Obaid, Sally Saad Ali, Bekhzod Abdullaev, Hashem O. Alsaab, Huldani Huldani, Rosario Mireya Romero-Parra, Yasser Fakri Mustafa, Beneen M. Hussien, Sarah Jaafar Saadoon
Summary: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed from the human genome have emerged as important regulators in cellular activities, particularly in controlling gene expression. They have been found to regulate various factors related to tumorigenesis through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, either by directly targeting or indirectly modulating its components. Moreover, lncRNAs can also act as downstream effectors of the pathway. The relationship between JAK-STAT signaling and lncRNAs varies among different types of cancers, and lncRNAs play a dual role in tumorigenesis or tumor suppression. This review focuses on the reciprocal regulation and functions of lncRNAs and the JAK-STAT pathway, providing insights into potential targets for clinical therapeutics.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Philippe Rascle, Beatrice Jacquelin, Caroline Petitdemange, Vanessa Contreras, Cyril Planchais, Marie Lazzerini, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Roger Le Grand, Hugo Mouquet, Nicolas Huot, Michaela Muller-Trutwin
Summary: The study reveals that NK cells in lymph nodes are induced to express CXCR5 following SIVagm infection and that CXCR5(+) NK cells tend to accumulate preferentially in B cell follicles with proliferating B cells. This suggests a mechanism of B cell-dependent regulation of NK cells.
Review
Dermatology
Shiqun Zhang, Tina L. Sumpter, Daniel H. Kaplan
Summary: Skin-resident mast cells and cutaneous sensory neurons both have crucial roles in microbial-host defense and inflammatory diseases. They interact with each other and play an important role in modulating skin diseases.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Yan Qiu, Benjamin Fernandez-Garcia, H. Immo Lehmann, Li Guoping, Guido Kroemer, Carlos Lopez-Otin, Xiao Junjie
Summary: Exercise plays an active role in improving physical fitness and sustaining health. It has been widely accepted as a preventative and therapeutic strategy for various diseases. Exercise maintains and restores homeostasis at multiple levels to stimulate positive physiological adaptations that protect against pathological conditions.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Norbert J. Tripolt, Sebastian J. Hofer, Peter N. Pferschy, Faisal Aziz, Sylvere Durand, Fanny Aprahamian, Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan, Mara Waltenstorfer, Tobias Eisenberg, Anna M. A. Obermayer, Regina Riedl, Harald Kojzar, Othmar Moser, Caren Sourij, Heiko Bugger, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Thomas R. Pieber, Matthias Zanker, Guido Kroemer, Frank Madeo, Harald Sourij
Summary: The effects of fasting on glucose metabolism were examined in non-obese and obese participants and people with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that after 36 hours of fasting, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels were significantly decreased. Non-obese participants had higher glucose levels but lower insulin levels after 36 hours of fasting, while no significant differences were observed in obese participants or people with diabetes. Insulin sensitivity improved in all cohorts after 36 hours of fasting. Metabolomics analysis revealed subtle baseline differences and attenuated metabolic response to fasting in obese participants and people with diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yvonne Giannoula, Guido Kroemer, Federico Pietrocola
Summary: Cellular senescence involves cell cycle arrest, the acquisition of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and changes in cell surface proteins influencing the recognition of senescent cells by immune effectors. Excessive or insufficient senescent cell generation can contribute to pathological aging. Mechanisms such as immunosuppressive molecule expression and secretion of factors attracting immune cells into the microenvironment allow evasion of immune destruction. Immune interventions can target these mechanisms and stimulate an immune response against senescence-associated antigens.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Lucille Ferret, Karla Alvarez-Valadez, Jennifer Riviere, Alexandra Muller, Natalia Bohalova, Luo Yu, Lionel Guittat, Vaclav Brazda, Guido Kroemer, Jean-Louis Mergny, Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny
Summary: Guanine-quadruplex structures (G4) are formed by guanine-rich DNA and RNA sequences and control gene expression mechanisms. G4 ligands have been developed for potential therapeutic applications in human diseases. Recent evidence suggests that G4 ligands may target cellular components such as lysosomes and mitochondria.
Article
Sport Sciences
Layale Youssef, Sylvere Durand, Fanny Aprahamian, Deborah Lefevre, Melanie Bourgin, Maria Chiara Maiuri, Maude Dulac, Guy Hajj-Boutros, Vincent Marcangeli, Fanny Buckinx, Eva Peyrusque, Jose A. Morais, Pierrette Gaudreau, Gilles Gouspillou, Guido Kroemer, Mylene Aubertin-Leheudre, Philippe Noirez
Summary: Physical activity and nutrition are important for preventing adverse health outcomes in aging. This study investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with citrulline (CIT) supplementation on serum metabolites in obese older adults. Results showed significant changes in 44 metabolites after the 12-week intervention, with 10 of them more affected by HIIT combined with CIT. Decreased triglycerides and aspartic acid were correlated with reduced adiposity-related parameters. Arginine, triglycerides, and aspartic acid may serve as biomarkers for cardiometabolic health and adiposity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Julia Kaellberg, Alexandra Harrison, Valerie March, Santa Berzina, Ivan Nemazanyy, Oliver Kepp, Guido Kroemer, Sophie Mouillet-Richard, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Valerie Taly, Wenjin Xiao
Summary: The high mortality rate in colorectal cancer (CRC) is mainly due to drug resistance caused by intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). This study investigated the interaction between different molecular subtypes of CRC cells and found that coculturing CMS1 and CMS4 cells increased their resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and promoted cellular invasion. The secretome of CMS1 cells played a protective role for CMS4 cells against 5-FU treatment and mediated the transfer of metabolites between CMS1 and CMS4 cells.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jing Zhang, Christina Trojel-Hansen, Jianghuang Wang, Zili Zhang, Xing Wang, Yuhui Qiao, Huike Jiao, Mickael Michaud, Oliver Kepp, Marja Jäättelä, Guido Kroemer, Qing Zhong
Summary: An experimental inducer of TNF-independent necrosis, NC1, kills human cancer cells in a non-apoptotic, necrotic manner. The cell death induced by NC1 is not inhibited by apoptosis-related pathways, but depends on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria and elimination of mitochondrial DNA. These findings suggest that inducing regulated necrosis may be a promising approach for anticancer therapy.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie Bourgin, Sylvere Durand, Guido Kroemer
Summary: Multiple studies have investigated the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity on various metabolomes to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The literature lacks consensus on the utility of metabolomic analyses for COVID-19 management, hence necessitating a critical assessment. Comparing mass spectrometric metabolomic studies on specimens from SARS-CoV2-infected patients, this study aims to identify relevant biomarkers by analyzing clinical design, technical aspects, and statistical analyses. Several metabolites in the plasma of COVID-19 patients may contribute to excessive inflammatory reactions and deficient immune control, revealing significant connections between whole-body metabolism and disease progression. Overall, mass spectrometric approaches show great potential for biomarker discovery if methodological standardization is implemented.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahmoud Abdellatif, Lea Montegut, Guido Kroemer
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Daolin Tang, Guido Kroemer, Rui Kang
Summary: Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death process that occurs when there is an accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides, particularly in the plasma membrane, due to iron-dependency. While it is crucial for maintaining overall health, it can also lead to tissue damage and pathological conditions. Understanding the immune characteristics of ferroptosis in infection, sterile inflammation, and tumor immunity is important for developing therapeutic strategies.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Anne-Gaelle Goubet, Mathieu Rouanne, Lisa Derosa, Guido Kroemer, Laurence Zitvogel
Summary: The clinical management of advanced malignancies of the upper and lower urinary tract has been revolutionized with the advent of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). Bacteria infecting urothelium could be a prominent target for triggering antitumour immune responses. The authors discuss the influence of urinary tract infections on kidney and bladder cancer immunosurveillance and consider the urobiome and the effects of antibiotics.
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer
Summary: Dietary fibers, including chitin, have significant effects on gastrointestinal physiology and immunity. Depletion or supplementation of dietary fibers can have negative or positive effects on the immune system of the murine digestive tract, which is relevant to food allergies and systemic metabolism.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Marine Fidelle, Ai-Ling Tian, Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer
Summary: In a recent paper published in Science, Fidelle et al. reveal a gut immune checkpoint that is disrupted by antibiotic treatment. The dysbiosis in the ileum after antibiotic treatment leads to an increase in bile acids, which downregulates MAdCAM-1, resulting in the migration of immunosuppressive T cells from gut-associated lymphoid tissues towards tumors.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Marine Fidelle, Isabelle Lebhar, Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer
Summary: In a recent paper published in Nature, Park et al. propose a mechanism by which intestinal dysbiosis can affect the effectiveness of immunotherapy targeting the PD-L1/PD-1 interaction. Dysbiosis may increase the expression of PD-L2, which interacts with RGMb. Antibodies targeting PD-L2/RGMb have the potential to restore the response to PD-1 blockade in the context of dysbiosis.