Article
Fisheries
Quanquan Cao, Hongying Shan, Ju Zhao, Jinhe Deng, Man Xu, Hao Kang, Tong Li, Ye Zhao, Haifeng Liu, Jun Jiang
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by the activation of hepatic stellate cells, imbalance of extracellular matrix generation, and deposition in the liver. This review focuses on the understanding of liver fibrosis in aquaculture fish, discussing its pathophysiology, diagnosis methods, and treatment options. The article highlights the importance of further research in order to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies for liver fibrosis in fish, ensuring the sustainability of aquaculture and the health of farmed fish.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leke Wiering, Pallavi Subramanian, Linda Hammerich
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease with a wide range of severity, from simple hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, making hepatic fibrosis an important predictor of outcomes. Recent advancements in understanding the activation and inactivation of hepatic stellate cells, which drive fibrosis development, have shed light on the disease progression in NAFLD/NASH.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rong Wang, Fangbin Liu, Panpan Chen, Shengnan Li, Yanqiu Gu, Lei Wang, Chun Chen, Yongfang Yuan
Summary: This study found that gomisin D can inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by targeting PDGFR beta, thereby exerting anti-fibrotic effects in liver fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aureli Luquero, Gemma Vilahur, Laura Casani, Lina Badimon, Maria Borrell-Pages
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the interaction between PCSK9 and members of the LDLR superfamily in the regulation of liver cholesterol homeostasis. The results showed that Lrp5(-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet had increased cholesterol accumulation in the liver and decreased LDLR and LRP5 gene and protein expression. Additionally, PCSK9 and LRP5 were found to bind in a cell-type specific manner and both proteins were involved in lipid uptake in the liver.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanze Yin, Defu Kong, Kang He, Qiang Xia
Summary: Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by regenerative nodules surrounded by fibrous bands, leading to portal hypertension and end stage liver disease. Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) can be activated and differentiate into hepatocytes to promote liver regeneration and reach homeostasis following liver injury. Recent research has discovered new sources of LPCs, providing insights into the mechanisms of liver regeneration in cirrhosis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yanjun Liu, Jiacheng Li, Liping Liao, Heming Huang, Shijie Fan, Rong Fu, Jing Huang, Cuicui Shi, Liang Yu, Kai-xian Chen, Yuan-yuan Zhang, Cheng Luo, Guang-ming Li
Summary: Our study shows that roscovitine exerts beneficial effects on acute and chronic liver inflammation as well as fibrosis by repressing the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes and inhibiting the TGF-beta signaling pathway. The anti-inflammation and anti-fibrotic mechanisms of roscovitine involve inhibition of macrophage inflammatory actions and hepatic stellate cell activation.
Review
Oncology
Yunjie Lu, Shiying Ma, Wei Ding, Pengcheng Sun, Qi Zhou, Yunfei Duan, Kurt Sartorius
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in maintaining a balance between protection and immunotolerance, and the deregulation of the immunological network in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hallmark of its pathogenesis. The immune response in the liver involves various immune cells and is modulated by continuous exposure to toxic molecules and microorganisms. Understanding the roles of different resident immune cell subsets and their interaction in HCC pathogenesis may lead to the identification of new biomarkers and therapy options.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Songpon Getsuwan, Nopporn Apiwattanakul, Chatmanee Lertudomphonwanit, Suradej Hongeng, Sophida Boonsathorn, Wiparat Manuyakorn, Pornthep Tanpowpong, Usanarat Anurathapan, Kanchana Tangnararatchakit, Suporn Treepongkaruna
Summary: This study aimed to investigate CMV-specific T cell immune reconstitution among pediatric LT recipients. The results showed that despite intense immunosuppressive therapy, CMV-specific T cell immune reconstitution occurred in pediatric patients post-LT, which could confer protection against CMV reactivation.
Review
Cell Biology
Yoshiya Ito, Kanako Hosono, Hideki Amano
Summary: The liver has the ability to regenerate in response to acute liver injury, but liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a major problem in liver surgery. Non-parenchymal cells in the liver play critical roles in liver repair and regeneration, and recent technological advances have provided insights into their heterogeneity. This review discusses the progress in understanding the biology of liver non-parenchymal cells and the functional role of each cell component in response to liver IRI.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Devaraj Ezhilarasan, Mustapha Najimi
Summary: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in the perisinusoidal space communicate with other cells in the liver to maintain normal liver functions. However, after chronic liver injury, HSCs are activated and interact with tumor cells/immune cells, leading to hepatic fibrosis and other liver diseases.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hye-Young Seo, So-Hee Lee, Eugene Han, Jae Seok Hwang, Sol Han, Mi Kyung Kim, Byoung Kuk Jang
Summary: In this study, we found that evogliptin can inhibit inflammatory and fibrotic signaling in liver cells and induce autophagy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yufei Liu, Yuhong Zheng, Yang Yang, Ke Liu, Jianying Wu, Peiyang Gao, Chuantao Zhang
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a global health problem resulting from chronic liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells play a major role in liver fibrosis, and their transdifferentiation into myofibroblasts is triggered by pathological stimuli. The interactions between HSCs, immune cells, and cytokines are critical for the progression of liver fibrosis. Exosomes, as essential mediators of intercellular communication, regulate the activation of HSCs and the interaction between HSCs and immune cells in liver fibrosis. They also hold potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aiting Yang, Xuzhen Yan, Hufeng Xu, Xu Fan, Mengyang Zhang, Tao Huang, Weiyu Li, Wei Chen, Jidong Jia, Hong You
Summary: The deficiency of HSCs-specific Loxl1 can prevent CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis and reduce fibrosis and inflammation in liver tissue, with ITGA8/FAK/PI3K/AKT/HIF1a being essential for the function and expression of LOXL1. The study suggests novel mechanisms and potential targets for the treatment of fibrosis in the future.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming Yang, Ethan Vanderwert, Eric T. Kimchi, Kevin F. Staveley-O'Carroll, Guangfu Li
Summary: Liver fibrosis accompanies chronic liver diseases and can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Natural killer cells play dual roles in liver fibrosis, and regulating their function can suppress activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and reverse fibrosis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mahmoud A. Younis, Yusuke Sato, Yaser H. A. Elewa, Hideyoshi Harashima
Summary: This article reports a novel strategy for treating liver fibrosis by reprogramming activated Hepatic Stellate Cells (aHSCs) into quiescent Hepatic Stellate Cells (qHSCs) using siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The optimized LNPs enable ligand-free, selective, and potent siRNA delivery to aHSCs, resulting in the reversal of liver fibrosis and restoration of normal liver function in mice. This scalable and ligand-free platform has potential for clinical translation.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fadhil Ahsan, Jeroen Maertzdorf, Ute Guhlich-Bornhof, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Pedro Moura-Alves
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Aniko Palfi, Christian Breunig, Torsten Hechler, Christoph Mueller, Christian Lutz, Andreas Pahl, Michael Kulke
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Andreas Pahl, Jonathan Ko, Christian Breunig, Vianiuhini Figueroa, Nicola Lehners, Anja Baumann, Aniko Palfi, Christoph Mueller, Christian Lutz, Torsten Hechler, Michael Kulke, Carsten Mueller-Tidow, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Marc Raab
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Biology
Paul F. McKay, Deniz Cizmeci, Yoann Aldon, Jeroen Maertzdorf, January Weiner, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, David J. M. Lewis, Robert A. van den Berg, Giuseppe Del Giudice, Robin J. Shattock
Article
Cell Biology
Gopinath Krishnamoorthy, Peggy Kaiser, Ulrike Abu Abed, January Weiner, Pedro Moura-Alves, Volker Brinkmann, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2020)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anca Dorhoi, Leigh A. Kotze, Jay A. Berzofsky, Yongjun Sui, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, Ankita Garg, Richard Hafner, Shabaana A. Khader, Ulrich E. Schaible, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Gerhard Walz, Manfred B. Lutz, Robert N. Mahon, Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg, William Bishai, Nelita du Plessis
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2020)
Article
Immunology
John S. Tregoning, January Weiner, Deniz Cizmeci, Danielle Hake, Jeroen Maertzdorf, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Geert Leroux-Roels, Cathy Maes, Annelies Aerssens, Anna Calvert, Christine E. Jones
Article
Oncology
Vianihuini Figueroa-Vazquez, Jonathan Ko, Christian Breunig, Anja Baumann, Nicola Giesen, Aniko Palfi, Christoph Mueller, Christian Lutz, Torsten Hechler, Michael Kulke, Carsten Mueller-Tidow, Alwin Kraemer, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Andreas Pahl, Marc S. Raab
Summary: HDP-101, an anti-BCMA antibody conjugated with an amanitin derivative, demonstrates high efficacy against multiple myeloma cells while sparing BCMA-negative cells. It induces tumor regression in animal models at low doses and shows good tolerability, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach to overcome drug resistance in this disease.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen, Joanna Zyla, Ulrike Zedler, Silke Bandermann, Ulrike Abu Abed, Volker Brinkmann, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
Summary: BCG, the only available vaccine against tuberculosis, was found to have varying efficacy against pulmonary TB based on age and sex. This study revealed that female mice had better protection from BCG vaccination against M. tuberculosis H37Rv challenge, showing lower lung bacterial burdens and less weight loss compared to male mice. It suggests the importance of including both male and female mice in preclinical testing of vaccine candidates.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Chiara Zambarda, Karolin Guldevall, Chiara Zambarda, Karolin Guldevall, Christian Breunig, Damien Toullec, Jacopo Fontana, Sheena Pinto, Jens Pahl, Susanne Wingert, Joachim Koch, Bjorn Oenfelt
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Sheena Pinto, Savannah Jackson, Julia Knoch, Christian Breunig, Arndt Schottelius, Joachim Koch
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisabeth M. Liebler-Tenorio, Johannes Heyl, Nadine Wedlich, Julia Figl, Heike Koehler, Gopinath Krishnamoorthy, Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen, Leander Grode, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Christian Menge
Summary: This study compares the development of tuberculous granulomas at the site of BCG vaccination and its recombinant derivatives in goats. The results show that granulomas with central caseous necrosis are induced by both BCG and its recombinant derivatives, although the size and extent of necrosis differ between vaccine strains. The recombinant derivatives induce fewer CD4(+) T and B cells and more CD8(+) cells in the granulomas compared to the parental BCG strain. Furthermore, the numbers of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) and cells with lipid bodies are significantly lower in groups administered with the recombinant BCG strains. These findings suggest that the granulomas induced by BCG and its recombinant derivatives in goats can serve as suitable models to compare reactions to different mycobacteria or tuberculosis vaccines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Aldo Tagliabue, Diana Boraschi, Luciana C. C. Leite, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Figl, Heike Koehler, Nadine Wedlich, Elisabeth M. Liebler-Tenorio, Leander Grode, Gerald Parzmair, Gopinath Krishnamoorthy, Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Christian Menge
Summary: A more effective vaccine against tuberculosis is urgently needed. The recombinant vaccine VPM1002 has been found to be safer and more efficacious than the existing vaccine BCG in mice models. In this study, the safety and immunogenicity of VPM1002 and its derivatives, PDX and NUOG, were assessed in juvenile goats. The results showed that VPM1002 and NUOG induced anti-tuberculous immunity with a comparable safety profile to BCG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Jens Pahl, Gabriele Hintzen, Uwe Reusch, Torsten Haneke, Christian Breunig, Sheena Pinto, Cassandra Choe-Juliak, Andreas Harstrick, Wolfgang Fischer, Arndt Schottelius, Joachim Koch, Erich Rajkovic