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Neurosciences
Margaret A. Hamner, Ashley McDonough, Davin C. Gong, Levi J. Todd, German Rojas, Sibylle Hodecker, Christopher B. Ransom, Thomas A. Reh, Bruce R. Ransom, Jonathan R. Weinstein
Summary: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a phenomenon where exposure to non-injurious ischemia enhances tolerance to subsequent ischemic challenges. In a study testing the hypothesis that microglia are necessary for IPC in white matter (WM), researchers found that depletion of microglia eliminated IPC-mediated protection, highlighting the critical role of preconditioned microglia in WM IPC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Piovan, Raffaella Filippini, Carla Argentini, Stefano Moro, Pietro Giusti, Morena Zusso
Summary: The blue-green alga Spirulina platensis contains phycocyanins, including C-phycocyanin (C-PC), which has hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of C-PC in microglia cultures and found that it upregulates the expression and release of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, while also promoting the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor. Additionally, the study suggests that the immunoregulatory function of C-PC may involve the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ella A. Zuiderwijk-Sick, Celine van der Putten, Raissa Timmerman, Jennifer Veth, Erica M. Pasini, Linda van Straalen, Paul van der Valk, Sandra Amor, Jeffrey J. Bajramovic
Summary: Exposure to IL-4 induces changes in the cell surface protein expression profile of primary rhesus macaque microglia and enhances their potential to induce proliferation of T cells with a regulatory signature. Additionally, IL-4 exposure broadly impairs TLR-induced cytokine production and inhibits microglial innate immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiexian Du, Ping Wang, Qi Gou, Sheng Jin, Hongmei Xue, Desi Li, Danyang Tian, Jianping Sun, Xiangjian Zhang, Xu Teng, Yuming Wu
Summary: This study suggests that inflammation in the RVLM caused by microglial activation may contribute to the progression of preeclampsia (PE) via an overactive sympathetic system. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could reduce PE by inhibiting inflammation in the RVLM. These findings might provide a new target for the treatment of PE.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lili Zheng, Junqiu Jia, Yan Chen, Renyuan Liu, Runjing Cao, Manlin Duan, Meijuan Zhang, Yun Xu
Summary: The study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of PTX in VAD, alleviating ischemic white matter injury through modulating Mertk-mediated myelin clearance in microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianhua Peng, Yuke Xie, Jinwei Pang, Yue Wu, Jian Zhou, Long Gu, Kecheng Guo, Lifang Zhang, Bingqing Xie, Shigang Yin, Xiaochuan Sun, Ligang Chen, Yong Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the potential role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-induced microglial polarization in early white matter injury (WMI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The results showed that TLR4 gene knockout could regulate microglial polarization, reduce inflammatory response, and protect the white matter. However, microglial inflammation had dual effects on early WMI after SAH. Future exploration of clinically relevant methods for modulating neuroinflammation is needed to address stroke with both WMI and gray matter destruction.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ioanna Tsioti, Beatrice L. Steiner, Pascal Escher, Martin S. Zinkernagel, Peter M. Benz, Despina Kokona
Summary: Clustering of microglia around the vasculature was observed after systemic administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the retina and brain of mice. This study investigated the effect of systemic LPS in the pigmented mouse retina and the involvement of endothelial TLR4 in LPS-induced retinal microglia activation. The results showed that activation of microglia, infiltration of monocyte-derived macrophages, impaired ribbon synapse organization, and retinal dysfunction were observed after LPS exposure, and these effects were dependent on endothelial TLR4.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Madhav Sharma, Debanjana Chakravarty, Afaq Hussain, Ajay Zalavadia, Amy Burrows, Patricia Rayman, Nikhil Sharma, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Cornelia Bergmann, Ganes C. Sen, Jayasri Das Sarma
Summary: IFIT2 plays a critical role in restricting neurotropic murine coronavirus infection and spread. IFIT2 deficiency leads to extensive viral spread in the spinal cord and impaired microglial activation and T cell infiltration. IFIT2 is crucial in preventing mice from developing viral-induced severe chronic demyelination.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Stefanie Scheid, Adrien Lejarre, Jakob Wollborn, Hartmut Buerkle, Ulrich Goebel, Felix Ulbrich
Summary: Argon preconditioning protects neuronal cells from cell death by reducing apoptosis, decreasing the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), enhancing phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and suppressing NF-kappa B and Akt expression. It also inhibits the expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2, interleukin-8, and heat shock proteins. Argon preconditioning may be a promising therapeutic alternative for conditions like stroke.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shamseldin Ayman Hassan Metwally, Satya Siri Paruchuri, Lauren Yu, Okan Capuk, Nicholas Pennock, Dandan Sun, Shanshan Song
Summary: This study demonstrated the beneficial effects of NHE1 inhibitors, HOE642 and Rimeporide, in promoting recovery of motor and cognitive function and reducing inflammation and white matter damage in ischemic stroke patients. It suggests that targeting NHE1 protein could be a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yun Ling, Lu Jin, Quanxin Ma, Yu Huang, Qinqin Yang, Minli Chen, Qiyang Shou
Summary: This study demonstrated that Salvianolic acid A (SAA) can significantly reduce the inflammatory response and injury caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, possibly through the inhibition of TLR2/4 and its related signal pathway.
Article
Immunology
Jinghui Xu, Liying Zhang, Mingyue Li, Xiaofei He, Jing Luo, Rui Wu, Zhongqiu Hong, Haiqing Zheng, Xiquan Hu
Summary: This study found that moderate physical exercise (PE) promotes remyelination and improves neurological function in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). PE exerted neuroprotective effects by modulating microglial state and promoting remyelination. This regenerative role of PE is mediated by upregulation of TREM2 and microglia-derived factor for oligodendrocytes regeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nauana Somensi, Samantha Cristiane Lopes, Juciano Gasparotto, Rosangela Mayer Goncalves, Camila Tiefensee-Ribeiro, Daniel Oppermann Peixoto, Pedro Ozorio Brum, Cibele Martins Pinho, Jonathan Paulo Agnes, Lucas Santos, Jade de Oliveira, Fernando Spiller, Jose Claudio Fonseca Moreira, Alfeu Zanotto-Filho, Rui Daniel Prediger, Daniel Pens Gelain
Summary: This study found gender differences in the development of Parkinson's disease, with the knockout of TLR4 in female mice preventing dopaminergic denervation and microgliosis induced by 6-OHDA, leading to improvements in both non-motor and motor symptoms.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Qian Wang, Sihao Diao, Han Qiu, Ruiwei Gao, Minjie Wang, Qiufan Chen, Mili Xiao, Zhihua Li, Chao Chen
Summary: This study reveals the association between Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and myelin formation, confirming its significance in myelin formation and remyelination restoration.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiao Li, Xinyuan Sun, Xuemin Guo, Xueren Li, Shouchun Peng, Xin Mu
Summary: Nucleic acid-mediated interferon signaling plays a pivotal role in defense against microorganisms, especially during viral infection. This article discusses the receptors involved in sensing nucleic acid molecules, their structures and functions, and the importance of their proper functioning in cell homeostasis and response to pathogen invasion. It also explores the impact of manipulating these receptors on defense mechanisms and presents the discovery of chemicals that can modulate their signaling activities.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ashley McDonough, Shahani Noor, Richard V. Lee, Ryan Dodge, James S. Strosnider, Jasmine Shen, Stephanie Davidson, Thomas Moller, Gwenn A. Garden, Jonathan R. Weinstein
Review
Neurosciences
Ashley McDonoug, Jonathan R. Weinstein
Article
Orthopedics
Jason E. Hsu, Anastasia J. Whitson, Benjamin M. Woodhead, Matthew A. Napierala, Davin Gong, Frederick A. Matsen
INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine E. Prater, Macarena S. Aloi, Jasmine L. Pathan, Chloe N. Winston, Rachel A. Chernoff, Stephanie Davidson, Matthew Sadgrove, Ashley McDonough, Dannielle Zierath, Wei Su, Jonathan R. Weinstein, Gwenn A. Garden
Summary: The research revealed that Prom1-expressing myeloid progenitor cells can contribute to the generation of new microglia both in vitro and in vivo, specifically in the uninjured brain. However, in response to ischemia/reperfusion, little proliferation was observed from these Prom1-expressing progenitors, with the majority of new microglia derived from Prom1-negative cells.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Margaret A. Hamner, Ashley McDonough, Davin C. Gong, Levi J. Todd, German Rojas, Sibylle Hodecker, Christopher B. Ransom, Thomas A. Reh, Bruce R. Ransom, Jonathan R. Weinstein
Summary: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a phenomenon where exposure to non-injurious ischemia enhances tolerance to subsequent ischemic challenges. In a study testing the hypothesis that microglia are necessary for IPC in white matter (WM), researchers found that depletion of microglia eliminated IPC-mediated protection, highlighting the critical role of preconditioned microglia in WM IPC.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Richard Lee, Hadi M. Zareie, Mehmet Sarikaya
Summary: This study designed a bifunctional chimeric biomolecule for nucleic acid detection on solid sensor surfaces, demonstrating the effect of steric hindrance on probe assembly. The dual nature of the construct allows specific recognition and probe immobilization on sensor surfaces, providing facile functionalization.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Derek T. Nhan, Davin C. Gong, Kevin J. Khoo, Anastasia J. Whitson, Frederick A. Matsen, Jason E. Hsu
Summary: This study found that culturing explants in addition to tissue cultures increased the sensitivity for detecting Cutibacterium in revision shoulder arthroplasty. Explants had a higher culture positivity rate and bacterial density compared to adjacent tissue specimens. Including the results of explant cultures led to an additional 14% of cases meeting the criteria for infection treatment.
JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura R. Rich, Bruce R. Ransom, Angus M. Brown
Summary: The conduction of action potentials in sciatic nerve A fibers relies on an adequate supply of glucose as an energy substrate, and lactate can also support nerve metabolism. Functional Schwann cells are essential for the recovery of compound action potentials (CAP) after CAP failure caused by glucose depletion or high-frequency stimulation (HFS).
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Margaret Hamner, Ashley McDonough, Cara Nielson, Davin Gong, Levi Todd, German Rojas, Thomas Reh, Bruce R. Ransom, Jonathan R. Weinstein
Article
Biophysics
Oliver Nakano-Baker, Hanson Fong, Shalabh Shukla, Richard Lee, Le Cai, Dennis Godin, Tatum Hennig, Siddharth Rath, Igor Novosselov, Sami Dogan, Mehmet Sarikaya, Devin MacKenzie
Summary: Using simulated odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) and machine learning methods, a sensor array was designed to detect a characteristic VOC fingerprint associated with COVID-19. The sensor array directly transduces vapor composition into multi-channel electrical signals, allowing for rapid and non-invasive monitoring, disease diagnostics, and environmental exposure assessment. The use of chimeric VOC- and solid-binding peptides and carbon nanotube transistors demonstrated selective peptide binding and VOC sensing.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Butian Zhou, Zhongqun Zhu, Bruce R. Ransom, Xiaoping Tong
Summary: Depression is a common mental illness affecting over 300 million people worldwide. Various theories exist regarding its pathogenesis, including the monoamine hypothesis, changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammation, immune system alterations, and abnormalities of neurogenesis. In addition to well-known theories, there are also less widely recognized theories of depression causation.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura R. Rich, Jonathan A. Patrick, Margaret A. Hamner, Bruce R. Ransom, Angus M. Brown