Review
Behavioral Sciences
Nataria T. Joseph, Yanping Jiang, Samuele Zilioli
Summary: There is a significant association between momentary negative emotions and cortisol levels (positive correlation) and momentary positive emotions and cortisol levels (negative correlation). These findings highlight the close relationship between emotions and physiological responses, which is crucial for understanding the impact of stress on health.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Emma M. Parrish, Philip D. Harvey, Robert A. Ackerman, Amy E. Pinkham, Colin A. Depp, Jason Holden, Eric Granholm
Summary: This study aims to understand the relationship between positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) among people with schizophrenia, and explore the impact of social context on mood variability. The results show that some patients with schizophrenia do not experience negative affect, some experience both positive and negative affect, and some show a more normative affect pattern.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christine E. Parsons, Beatrice Schofield, Sofia E. Batziou, Camilla Ward, Katherine S. Young
Summary: Poor sleep quality is significantly associated with increased intensity and duration of positive emotion, and decreased intensity of negative emotion in young adults. There were no statistically significant associations between sleep duration and emotion intensity or duration. The findings highlight the importance of examining both positive and negative emotions, and emotion regulation in understanding the links between sleep and mood.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dusti R. Jones, John M. Ruiz, Hannah M. C. Schreier, Matthew A. Allison, Burt N. Uchino, Michael A. Russell, Daniel J. Taylor, Timothy W. Smith, Joshua M. Smyth
Summary: This study examines the relationship between affect variability and inflammation, particularly focusing on the moderating effect of average affect. The findings suggest that higher average affect, both positive and negative, is associated with greater inflammation. However, the association is nonlinear, with a positive association for those with higher average affect and a negative association for those with lower average affect.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
W. Michael Vanderlind, Jonas Everaert, Jutta Joormann
Summary: This study using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) found that depression is associated with positive emotion regulation in daily life. Higher momentary positive emotion was related to more positive rumination and less dampening use. Elevated depressive symptoms were linked to lower use of positive rumination and higher use of dampening, without modulating the relationship between positive emotion and emotion regulation strategy use.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Anke Versluis, Bart Verkuil, Richard D. Lane, Dirk Hagemann, Julian F. Thayer, Jos F. Brosschot
Summary: The study found a significant positive correlation between state and trait EA, with EMAs showing reliable assessment of EA changes over time. About 50% of the EA variability was attributed to state variance, while only 2% was due to trait variance. This suggests that the developed method allows for the measurement of EA in daily life and supports the claim that EA can be measured using both hypothetical and real-life scenarios.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicki A. Dowling, Stephanie S. Merkouris, Kimberley Spence
Summary: The study found that positive outcome expectancies do not directly predict gambling behavior, but are moderated by factors such as craving and positive emotional state. The moderation analysis predicting gambling episodes revealed complex interactions between different factors. The findings suggest that tailored real-time interventions addressing gambling outcome expectancies are necessary for vulnerable gamblers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Reout Arbel, Tyler B. Mason, Genevieve F. Dunton
Summary: This study found that children's daily emotion intensity, instability, and differentiation are associated with their internalizing symptoms. These emotional dimensions show positive relationships with internalizing symptoms, but are not risk factors for or residual manifestations of its progression among typical children.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Danielle B. Abel, Michelle P. Salyers, Wei Wu, Mahogany A. Monette, Kyle S. Minor
Summary: The study found that individuals with schizophrenia interacted with others at a similar rate as controls, but lacked high-quality interactions and reported more negative emotions. Social versus non-social context did not significantly influence emotional experiences in either group. While individuals with schizophrenia did not differ in their number of interactions, they were less likely to engage in substantive, personal conversations.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
James D. Doorley, Fallon R. Goodman, David J. Disabato, Todd B. Kashdan, Jennifer S. Weinstein, Alexander J. Shackman
Summary: Individuals with elevated social anxiety tend to experience higher levels of anxiety and social avoidance motivation in daily life, but they also derive greater psychological benefits from particularly intense positive events, such as reduced anxiety, increased motivation to engage in social situations, and enhanced sense of belonging. These findings apply not only to social anxiety but also to other forms of internalizing psychopathology like general anxiety and depression, highlighting potential targets for intervention.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Aaron S. Heller, Caitlin A. Stamatis, Nikki A. Puccetti, Kiara R. Timpano
Summary: The study found that psychiatric symptoms of internalizing and externalizing disorders have a significant impact on the distribution of affective experiences, with syndromes loading onto fear and distress subfactors within the internalizing spectrum associated with different patterns of affective experiences.
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael H. Parrish, Janine M. Dutcher, Keely A. Muscatell, Tristen K. Inagaki, Mona Moieni, Michael R. Irwin, Naomi Eisenberger
Summary: This study used fMRI to investigate the relationship between self-enhancement and emotion regulation in social evaluation tasks. The results showed that stable state self-esteem and higher trait self-esteem were associated with increased functional connectivity between RVLPFC and VS during positive evaluation. Additionally, participants with stable-state self-esteem showed stronger RVLPFC activation during all types of feedback processing and left VS activation during negative feedback processing.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Ulrike Nowak, Julie Wood, Alina N. Dinu, Martin F. Wittkamp, Annika Clamor, Zita Oravecz, Tania M. Lincoln
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the symptom dimensions of psychosis and affect dynamics, controlling for depressive symptoms. The results revealed credible associations between paranoid ideation and negative valence and high arousal, as well as between hallucination spectrum experiences and arousal variability. There were also small associations between paranoid ideation and high valence variability, as well as between paranoid ideation and high attractor strengths of valence and arousal. The findings suggest different affective mechanisms underlying paranoid ideation and hallucination spectrum experiences.
Article
Psychiatry
Camilo J. Ruggero, Keke Schuler, Monika A. Waszczuk, Jennifer L. Callahan, Ateka A. Contractor, Charles B. Bennett, Benjamin J. Luft, Roman Kotov
Summary: The study focused on the temporal associations among PTSD symptom dimensions and stress in a group of WTC responders, highlighting the strong role of hyperarousal in predicting short-term increases in PTSD symptoms. Results suggested the concept of symptom cascades and emphasized the need for highly specific ecological momentary interventions to potentially disrupt PTSD maintenance in daily life.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Wouter van Ballegooijen, Donna L. Littlewood, Emma Nielsen, Nav Kapur, Patricia Gooding
Summary: This study investigated the temporal associations between defeat, entrapment, and suicidal ideation and found that the severity of entrapment was associated with current and later suicidal ideation within time intervals of a few hours to a few days. Additionally, there were significant associations between entrapment and defeat.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Matthew J. Hirshberg, Simon B. Goldberg, Melissa Rosenkranz, Richard J. Davidson
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Karen Kurotsuchi Inkelas, Blake A. Colaianne, Matthew J. Hirshberg, Mark T. Greenberg, Richard J. Davidson, John D. Dunne, David Germano, Robert W. Roeser
Summary: This study investigates whether variability in the implementation of an undergraduate course on human flourishing is differentially associated with student outcomes. The findings suggest that despite differences in teaching methods and student engagement, the outcomes of the students are similar. Institutions interested in offering this course can make limited adaptations without concerns of altering its impact on students.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William J. Villano, Noah I. Kraus, Travis R. Reneau, Brittany A. Jaso, A. Ross Otto, Aaron S. Heller
Summary: Organisms learn from prediction errors to predict the future. Laboratory studies have shown that humans use prediction errors to update expectations and link individual differences in prediction error learning to internalizing disorders. However, it is unclear whether prediction error learning occurs in naturalistic, high-stakes contexts and whether individual differences in prediction error learning predict psychopathology risk.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Elizabeth M. Planalp, Kristin N. Dowe, Andrew L. Alexander, H. Hill Goldsmith, Richard J. Davidson, Douglas C. Dean III
Summary: This study examines the neural correlates of negative emotions in infants and found that the microstructure of white matter tracts at 1 month of age is associated with the expression of fear later in infancy. Specifically, the left stria terminalis, a tract connecting frontal and tempo-parietal regions, showed differential associations with the level and change in infant fear. These findings suggest the unique neurobehavioral characteristics of fear as early as 1 month of age and contribute to our understanding of affective development.
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Matthew J. J. Hirshberg, Richard J. J. Davidson, Simon B. B. Goldberg
Summary: Educator mental health is connected to several urgent educational issues. A study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, a majority of school system employees experienced clinically significant anxiety and depressive symptoms. Lower family income was associated with higher stress levels, more severe depressive symptoms, and decreased intentions to stay in the same job, contributing to the current staffing shortages in schools. Supporting the mental health of educators should be prioritized as a policy.
EDUCATIONAL RESEARCHER
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. A. Rowley, M. J. Paukner, L. B. Eisenmenger, A. S. Field, R. J. Davidson, S. C. Johnson, S. Asthana, N. A. Chin, V. Prabhakaran, B. B. Bendlin, B. R. Postle, H. H. Goldsmith, C. M. Carlsson, M. A. Brooks, N. H. Kalin, L. E. Williams, H. A. Rowley
Summary: This study investigated 16,400 brain MRIs and found that incidental findings are common, ranging from trivial to life-threatening. Formal neuroradiologist interpretation yielded more reliable results compared to spontaneous detection by nonradiology scanning staff.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wendy C. Crone, Pelin Kesebir, Beverly Hays, Shilagh A. Mirgain, Richard J. Davidson, Susan C. Hagness
Summary: The mental health crisis in graduate education highlights the importance of engineering graduate programs providing effective methods to promote well-being. Mindfulness-based training has been found to improve emotional well-being and research capacity. A study conducted on engineering graduate students showed significant improvements in emotional health, neuroticism, positive affect, negative affect, and mindfulness after participating in a mindfulness training program.
Article
Psychology, Social
Qinggang Yu, Stacey M. Schaefer, Richard J. Davidson, Shinobu Kitayama
Summary: The study examined the moderating role of behavioral adjustment on the relationship between neuroticism and brain structure. Findings indicated that behavioral adjustment significantly moderated the effect of neuroticism on total brain volume (TBV), with a negative association between neuroticism and TBV only observed when behavioral adjustment was low.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Matthew J. Hirshberg, Blake Colaianne, Karen Kurotsuchi Inkelas, Godwill Oke, Natalia Van Doren, Richard J. Davidson, Robert W. Roeser
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college student mental health. The study found that anxiety, depression, and well-being of college students did not significantly worsen during the pandemic compared to before. Additionally, more frequent in-person social interactions were associated with lower anxiety and depressive symptoms, higher well-being, but also less compliance with handwashing and face mask-wearing.
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Biological
Laura D. Kubzansky, Elissa S. Epel, Richard J. Davidson
Summary: Hopelessness and despair have negative impacts on health and longevity, thus strategies to improve population health are urgently needed. Prosociality plays a significant role in promoting better mental and physical health for individuals and communities, making it a priority for public health.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Simon B. B. Goldberg, Zishan Jiwani, Daniel M. M. Bolt, Kevin M. M. Riordan, Richard J. J. Davidson, Matthew J. J. Hirshberg
Summary: Bidirectional associations between alliance and distress were found in a 4-week smartphone-based meditation intervention, similar to results from in-person psychotherapy. Alliance may play an important role in promoting engagement and effectiveness within unguided mobile-health interventions. Measuring alliance in unguided mHealth tools may improve their acceptability and effectiveness.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Christian A. Webb, Matthew J. Hirshberg, Oscar Gonzalez, Richard J. Davidson, Simon B. Goldberg
Summary: There is limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of psychosocial interventions. This study demonstrates the importance of considering individual differences and subgroup-specific mediators in understanding the mechanisms of change. By identifying baseline characteristics that predict differential response, we can gain insights into why certain interventions work for specific subgroups and inform personalized interventions.
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology
Laura D. Kubzansky, Eric S. Kim, Julia K. Boehm, Richard J. Davidson, Jeffrey C. Huffman, Eric B. Loucks, Sonja Lyubomirsky, Rosalind W. Picard, Stephen M. Schueller, Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, Tyler J. VanderWeele, Katey Warran, David S. Yeager, Charlotte S. Yeh, Judith T. Moskowitz
Summary: Psychological well-being is associated with better physical health and can be improved through interventions. To improve population health, interventions need to be adapted and durable, and a shift to a public-health model is required. Interventions should be accessible and effective for diverse populations.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Heather C. Abercrombie, Alexandra L. Barnes, Elizabeth C. Nord, Anna J. Finley, Estelle T. Higgins, Daniel W. Grupe, Melissa A. Rosenkranz, Richard J. Davidson, Stacey M. Schaefer
Summary: A greater cortisol response to acute stress is associated with smaller increases in negative affect, suggesting mood-protective effects of cortisol elevations.
STRESS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON THE BIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
T. Rick Reneau, William J. Villano, Brittany A. Jaso, Aaron S. Heller
Summary: This study found that reduced exploration during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on subjective well-being. However, individuals experienced higher levels of affective well-being on days when they engaged in more exploration, despite the health risks involved. However, anxiety may weaken the positive effects of exploration on well-being.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE
(2023)