Review
Critical Care Medicine
David J. Cook, William B. Rutherford, Damon C. Scales, Neill K. J. Adhikari, Brian H. Cuthbertson
Summary: Cluster randomized controlled trials in critical care often involve a small and fixed number of relatively large clusters. Reporting on key methodological aspects of these trials is often inadequate.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Christopher J. Yarnell, Darryl Abrams, Matthew R. Baldwin, Daniel Brodie, Eddy Fan, Niall D. Ferguson, May Hua, Purnema Madahar, Danny F. McAuley, Laveena Munshi, Gavin D. Perkins, Gordon Rubenfeld, Arthur S. Slutsky, Hannah Wunsch, Robert A. Fowler, George Tomlinson, Jeremy R. Beitler, Ewan C. Goligher
Summary: Recent Bayesian reanalyses of prominent trials in critical illness have generated controversy by contradicting the initial conclusions based on conventional frequentist analyses. In most cases, Bayesian and frequentist analyses agreed, but Bayesian analysis identified interventions where benefit was probable despite the absence of statistical significance. Bayesian analysis in critical care medicine can help to distinguish harm from uncertainty and establish the probability of clinically important benefit for clinicians, policy makers, and patients.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jan W. Eriksson, Bjorn Eliasson, Louise Bennet, Johan Sundstrom
Summary: This narrative review introduces a new approach called registry-based randomised clinical trials (RRCTs) for navigation in the challenging landscape of clinical drug development in diabetes. The decline in the number of clinical trials in diabetes is attributed to various environmental factors, and RRCTs offer a cost-effective and scientifically sound solution for conducting large-scale diabetes trials in real-world settings.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
W. Yang, K. Cui, X. Li, J. Zhao, Z. Zeng, R. Song, X. Qi, W. Xu
Summary: The aging population is leading to a rise in dementia cases, prompting a focus on the impact of dietary polyphenols on cognitive function. While animal and in vitro studies show consistent results, research in humans is still limited. Early intervention in Alzheimer's disease, epidemiological studies, and clinical trials suggest that polyphenols may play a role in slowing down cognitive decline.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monica Ancira-Moreno, Soraya Burrola-Mendez, Cinthya Munoz-Manrique, Isabel Omana-Guzman, Elizabeth Hoyos-Loya, Alejandra Trejo-Dominguez, Sonia Hernandez-Cordero, Monica Mazariegos, Natalia Smith, Loredana Tavano-Colaizzi, Jennifer Mier-Cabrera, Fermin Avendano-Alvarez, Salvador Espino y Sosa, Karla Mucino-Sandoval, Lizeth Ibarra-Gonzalez, Cristina Medina-Aviles
Summary: This study aimed to identify CPGs providing recommendations for preventing, diagnosing, and treating women's malnutrition and assess their methodological quality using the AGREE II instrument. The results showed that 55% of guidelines were classified as high-quality, with the highest scores in Scope and Purpose and Clarity of Presentation, indicating higher quality in these domains. Further assessment is needed to strengthen guidelines, especially in domains with lower scores.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Derek T. Larson, John H. Sherner, Kia M. Gallagher, Cynthia L. Judy, Madison B. Paul, Alexandra M. Mahoney, Peter J. Weina
Summary: This retrospective study of an institutional cohort shows positive outcomes for patients with confirmed COVID-19 when evidence-based supportive therapies are included in the organizational standards of care.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mathias Luhr Hansen, Caroline Kamp Jorgensen, Lehana Thabane, Eliana Rulli, Elena Biagioli, Maria Chiaruttini, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Ole Mathiesen, Christian Gluud, Janus Christian Jakobsen
Summary: This study aims to estimate the range of observed intervention effects for all-cause mortality in trials included in Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Reviews will be clustered according to the registered Cochrane Review Group, and statistical analyses will be conducted for each group and overall. The results will report the median relative risk, IQR, and the proportion of trials within different ranges of relative risk.
Article
Immunology
Nobuhiro Asai, Daisuke Sakanashi, Hiroyuki Suematsu, Hideo Kato, Mao Hagihara, Arufumi Shiota, Yusuke Koizumi, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo
Summary: This study reviewed all candidemia patients in the institute from 2014 to 2018 and found that only 24% of the patients were eligible for clinical trials. Compared to those who were not eligible, the eligible patients had better performance status, fewer comorbidities and longer overall survival times. This suggests that clinical trials may not accurately reflect the real world among candidemia patients.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jordi Bruix
Summary: Clinical trials rely on strict definitions and criteria, but real-world clinical practice may not follow the same guidelines, leading to discrepancies in patient selection, disease assessment, and treatment decisions. Understanding these differences is crucial in refining criteria for drug activity, toxicity, and treatment failure in order to achieve evidence-based clinical practice and precision oncology.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michelle Beidelschies, Marilyn Alejandro-Rodriguez, Ning Guo, Anna Postan, Tawny Jones, Elizabeth Bradley, Mark Hyman, Michael B. Rothberg
Summary: This study compared outcomes and costs of functional medicine-based care in shared medical appointments (SMA) versus individual appointments, finding that SMAs led to greater improvements in physical and mental health scores, as well as more weight loss, at a lower cost compared to individual appointments.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shouyuan Sun, Liang Zhao, Xiaoli Zhou, Xuewu Liu, Zongzhi Xie, Jun Ren, Baoyuan Zhou, Yawen Pan
Summary: The aim of this study is to critically evaluate the quality of published systematic reviews/meta-analyses of traditional Chinese medicine for adults with ischemic stroke and rate the quality of evidence using the GRADE approach. A total of 83 reviews met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated. The results showed that the reporting quality of these reviews is poor and lacks valid information, and more than half of the included studies have low levels of evidence.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cuncun Lu, Lixin Ke, Jieyun Li, Shuilin Wu, Lufang Feng, Youyou Wang, Alexios Fotios A. Mentis, Peng Xu, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Kehu Yang
Summary: This study analyzed 20 English-language meta-analyses, finding that combining traditional Chinese medicine with chemotherapy for gastric cancer may improve treatment outcomes and reduce adverse effects. However, the majority of included meta-analyses showed deficiencies in methodological quality, indicating a need for further improvements.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Anders Granholm, Waleed Alhazzani, Lennie P. G. Derde, Derek C. Angus, Fernando G. Zampieri, Naomi E. Hammond, Rob Mac Sweeney, Sheila N. Myatra, Elie Azoulay, Kathryn Rowan, Paul J. Young, Anders Perner, Morten Hylander Moller
Summary: Randomised clinical trials are important in providing unbiased evidence of intervention effects. Current critical care RCTs face challenges such as overly optimistic effect sizes and limited focus on patient-centered outcomes. Novel methods, including research program approaches and alternative outcome choices, may offer solutions to these challenges.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Pan Pan, Min Zheng, Hongbo Luo, Jinbang Liu, Lina Li, Longxiang Su
Summary: This study evaluates the training effect of teaching critical care parameters on an online platform and explores teaching methods that can cultivate trainees' clinical thinking and practical ability. The results show that teaching critical care parameters on an online platform is effective in improving trainees' clinical care ability, but the cultivation of clinical thinking still needs to be strengthened.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Frederic Fiteni, Julien Peron
Summary: This article discusses the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) results of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer treatment and proposes improvement solutions from a methodological perspective to address misconceptions about HRQoL endpoint in clinical trials. These solutions include measuring and analyzing HRQoL data after disease progression, using recommended statistical analysis methods, and communicating best practice guidelines.
QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Jean-Francois Timsit, Anders Perner, Jan Bakker, Matteo Bassetti, Dominique Benoit, Maurizio Cecconi, J. Randall Curtis, Gordon S. Doig, Margaret Herridge, Samir Jaber, Michael Joannidis, Laurent Papazian, Mark J. Peters, Pierre Singer, Martin Smith, Marcio Soares, Antoni Torres, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Giuseppe Citerio, Elie Azoulay
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2015)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Gordon S. Doig, Fiona Simpson, Rinaldo Bellomo, Philippa T. Heighes, Elizabeth A. Sweetman, Douglas Chesher, Carol Pollock, Andrew Davies, John Botha, Peter Harrigan, Michael C. Reade
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2015)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Gordon S. Doig, Fiona Simpson, Philippa T. Heighes, Rinaldo Bellomo, Douglas Chesher, Ian D. Caterson, Michael C. Reade, Peter W. J. Harrigan
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2015)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Fiona Simpson, Gordon S. Doig
CURRENT OPINION IN CRITICAL CARE
(2016)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Gordon S. Doig, Ian Roberts, Rinaldo Bellomo
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2015)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fiona Simpson, Gordon S. Doig
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2015)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Barry Dixon, Roger J. Smith, Duncan J. Campbell, John L. Moran, Gordon S. Doig, Thomas Rechnitzer, Christopher M. MacIsaac, Nicholas Simpson, Frank M. P. van Haren, Angajendra N. Ghosh, Sachin Gupta, Emma J. C. Broadfield, Timothy M. E. Crozier, Craig French, John D. Santamaria
Summary: The study found that nebulised heparin did not improve self-reported performance of daily physical activities in patients with or at risk of ARDS, but was well tolerated. Exploratory outcomes suggest less progression of lung injury and earlier return home for patients. Further research is needed to establish if nebulised heparin accelerates recovery in those who have or are at risk of ARDS.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lu Ke, Xiaowu Dong, Tao Chen, Gordon S. Doig, Gang Li, Bo Ye, Jing Zhou, Xiaojia Xiao, Zhihui Tong, Weiqin Li
Summary: The study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of early drainage for acute pancreatitis patients with ANC and POF. Although no significant differences were found between the early drainage group and standard management group, the primary outcome demonstrated potential clinical benefits favoring early drainage.
JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Hong Pu, Philippa T. Heighes, Fiona Simpson, Yaoli Wang, Zeping Liang, Paul Wischmeyer, Thomas J. Hugh, Gordon S. Doig
Summary: Early initiation of oral protein-containing diets in adults following elective lower gastrointestinal surgery significantly reduces mortality, surgical site infections, and postoperative complications, while improving other major outcomes. No harms associated with this diet were identified. This systematic review supports upgrading current guidelines to recommend early initiation of oral protein-containing diets after surgery.
PERIOPERATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Pauline Kang, Michael Kalloniatis, Gordon S. Doig
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
K. L. Percy, Y. X. Ooi, C. B. Nahm, F. Simpson, G. Hickey, S. Sahni, D. Chesher, M. Itchins, N. Pavlakis, V. H. Tsang, R. Clifton-Bligh, A. J. Gill, J. S. Samra, A. Mittal
Summary: This prospective observational study identified a high prevalence of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, micronutrient deficiency, bone disease, diabetes mellitus, and malnutrition in patients who underwent pancreatic resection. The findings highlight the importance of standardized nutritional assessment and management for these patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jiajia Lin, Lu Ke, Gordon S. Doig, Bo Ye, Zhengying Jiang, Zhiyong Liu, Feng Guo, Jiangtao Yin, Wenkui Yu, Jiakui Sun, Liqun Sun, Renyu Ding, Hongyang Xu, Zhigang Chang, Yi Long, Yajun Qian, Zhihui Tong, Weiqin Li
Summary: This study described the clinical characteristics and nutritional practices in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The results showed that enteral nutrition was frequently used in these patients, but energy delivery may be suboptimal, requiring further attention.
ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Jean-Charles Preiser, Arthur R. H. van Zanten, Mette M. Berger, Gianni Biolo, Michael P. Casaer, Gordon S. Doig, Richard D. Griffiths, Daren K. Heyland, Michael Hiesmayr, Gaetano Iapichino, Alessandro Laviano, Claude Pichard, Pierre Singer, Greet Van den Berghe, Jan Wernerman, Paul Wischmeyer, Jean-Louis Vincent