Article
Neurosciences
Lauren F. Borkowski, Amy N. Keilholz, Catherine L. Smith, Kaylie A. Canda, Nicole L. Nichols
Summary: This study utilized a CTB-SAP rodent model to investigate the effects of motor neuron death on the output of surviving phrenic motor neurons, revealing different outcomes at different time points. Factors contributing to enhancing or constraining phrenic long-term facilitation were explored.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Margo Randelman, Lyandysha V. Zholudeva, Stephane Vinit, Michael A. Lane
Summary: This article reviews the anatomical incompleteness and neuroplasticity resulting from spinal cord injuries, as well as how non-invasive respiratory treatments can enhance recovery. It focuses on current clinically used respiratory training strategies and those in development, while also considering the impact of training on non-respiratory networks. Insights are given on advances in pre-clinical and translational research in this area, with a look into future directions for enhancing plasticity and improving functional outcomes after SCI.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren F. Borkowski, Catherine L. Smith, Amy N. Keilholz, Nicole L. Nichols
Summary: This study found that A2A receptors are required for enhanced pLTF in 7-day CTB-SAP rats, whereas 5-HT receptors are required for moderate pLTF in 28-day CTB-SAP rats. Targeting these time-dependent mechanisms have implications for breathing maintenance over the course of many neuromuscular diseases.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Arash Tadjalli, Yasin B. Seven, Abhisheak Sharma, Christopher R. McCurdy, Donald C. Bolser, Erica S. Levitt, Gordon S. Mitchell
Summary: The study shows that long-latency off-target signaling via TLR4 induced by opioid use can affect the plasticity of breathing control, leading to compromised breathing stability and increased risk of respiratory side effects.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sunan Gao, Siyu Zhang, Hongmei Zhou, Xiaoyan Tao, Yunjian Ni, Daqing Pei, Shuai Kang, Weiwei Yan, Jian Lu
Summary: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a major concern for perioperative patients and caregivers, as it increases mortality and morbidity. This study found that anesthesia and surgery can impair synaptic plasticity by inhibiting synaptic function and that rapamycin, by inhibiting mTOR and promoting autophagy, can ameliorate cognitive deficits induced by anesthesia and surgery. The results suggest that targeting mTOR and autophagy pathways may be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ingrid Vargova, Lucia Machova Urdzikova, Kristyna Karova, Barbora Smejkalova, Tolga Sursal, Veronika Cimermanova, Karolina Turnovcova, Chirag D. Gandhi, Meena Jhanwar-Uniyal, Pavla Jendelova
Summary: The study found that partial neuroprotection and recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury can be achieved by inhibiting the mTOR pathway, with the second-generation inhibitor pp242 showing different effects compared to rapamycin (RAPA) in terms of inflammatory responses and autophagy.
Review
Cell Biology
Katherine Locke, Margo Randelman, Daniel Hoh, Lyandysha Zholudeva, Michael Lane
Summary: This review focuses on the study of respiratory plasticity in animal models, aiming to shed light on preclinical work that can influence future clinical investigations and treatments for spinal cord injury. Despite extensive research in animal models, relatively few treatments have made it through to clinical application.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ibis M. Agosto-Marlin, Maria Nikodemova, Erica A. Dale, Gordon S. Mitchell
Summary: Moderate acute intermittent hypoxia (mAIH) elicits phrenic long-term facilitation (pLTF) which requires specific receptor activation, signaling pathways, and protein synthesis. Mild inflammation affects this plasticity but enhances a different form of phrenic motor facilitation (pMF). This study investigates the signaling pathways involved in BDNF-induced pMF post-inflammation and highlights the importance of understanding the impact of inflammation on phrenic motor plasticity in neurological disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Arash Tadjalli, Yasin B. Seven, Raphael R. Perim, Gordon S. Mitchell
Summary: The study found that systemic inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide can impair plasticity within the phrenic motor system, possibly through a mechanism involving a specific serine/threonine protein phosphatase in the cervical spinal cord, and by preventing phosphorylation/activation of ERK1/2 MAPK.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zuxiong Zhan, Lu Pan, Ying Zhu, Yunhang Wang, Qin Zhao, Yuan Liu, Sen Li, Haiyan Wang, Ce Yang, Lehua Yu, Ying Yin, Botao Tan
Summary: Treadmill exercise is an effective strategy for promoting recovery after spinal cord injury, with moderate exercise intensity activating the cortical mTOR pathway and neurotrophic factors. However, excessive exercise can have detrimental effects, suggesting moderation as the optimal strategy.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dongwook Kim, Hyeji Jung, Yoshinori Shirai, Hyeonho Kim, Jinhu Kim, Dongseok Lim, Takuma Mori, Hyojeong Lee, Dongseok Park, Hee Young Kim, Qi Guo, Bo Pang, Wen Qiu, Xueshan Cao, Emi Kouyama-Suzuki, Takeshi Uemura, Enas Kasem, Yu Fu, Seungjoon Kim, Akinori Tokunaga, Takahiro Yoshizawa, Tatsuo Suzuki, Hiroyuki Sakagami, Kea Joo Lee, Jaewon Ko, Katsuhiko Tabuchi, Ji Won Um
Summary: The study reveals the critical role of IQSEC3 in regulating synaptic inhibition in the hippocampal CA1 region for the formation of hippocampus-dependent fear memory. It mediates GABAergic synapse density and transmission and affects the maintenance of long-term potentiation. Additionally, abnormal activation of the S6K1 signaling pathway associated with IQSEC3 loss was also identified.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Pauline Michel-Flutot, Isley Jesus, Valentin Vanhee, Camille H. Bourcier, Laila Emam, Abderrahim Ouguerroudj, Kun-Ze Lee, Lyandysha Zholudeva, Michael A. Lane, Arnaud Mansart, Marcel Bonay, Stephane Vinit
Summary: High spinal cord injuries (SCIs) often result in permanent diaphragmatic paralysis. This study investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a potential noninvasive therapeutic tool for enhancing respiratory function and reducing post-traumatic inflammation in cervical spinal cord injuries. The results suggest that chronic high-frequency rTMS can improve respiratory dysfunction, promote neuronal plasticity, and reduce harmful post-traumatic inflammatory processes. This therapy could be combined with other interventions to enhance outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Jie Li, Theodore J. Price, Mark L. Baccei
Summary: The activation of spinal D1/D5 dopamine receptors promotes non-Hebbian plasticity, allowing for the enhanced strengthening of sensory synapses. This non-Hebbian LTP is independent of neuronal discharge and can be induced solely by primary afferent stimulation. Furthermore, the joint activation of D1/D5 dopamine receptors and mGluR5 enables the potentiation of sensory synapses onto output neurons responsible for pain and itch transmission.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicole L. Nichols, Gordon S. Mitchell
Summary: Distinct mechanisms are involved in the phrenic long-term facilitation induced by moderate and severe acute intermittent hypoxia. Severe AIH-induced pLTF requires EPAC and PI3K/Akt, with marginal constraint by NADPH oxidase activity, while surprisingly it also involves MEK/ERK activity similar to moderate AIH-induced pLTF and is reduced by PKA inhibition. The complex interactions between dominant mechanisms characteristic of moderate and severe AIH-induced pLTF contribute to the overall understanding of respiratory plasticity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Chao Ma, Junpei Wang, Qifeng Tu, Ronghua Wu, Xiaona Lai, Ge Lin, Zhangji Dong, Tuchen Guan, Liang Qiang, Yan Liu, Mei Liu
Summary: Neurons require increased protein synthesis for axonal growth and regeneration. AKT-mTOR pathway is important for cell survival and regeneration. Fidgetin is an enzyme associated with neurite outgrowth and axon regeneration, and its depletion enhances mTOR activation. Depletion of Fidgetin promotes axon growth through local activation of the mTOR pathway and increased microtubule dynamicity.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)