Article
Plant Sciences
Jong Hee Choi, Tae Woo Kwon, Hyo Sung Jo, Yujeong Ha, Ik-Hyun Cho
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic potential of Gintonin (GT), derived from Panax ginseng, in treating epilepsy. Results showed that GT alleviated seizures in mice and ameliorated excitotoxic events in the hippocampus by reducing neuroglial activation, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and increasing antioxidant activity. GT has the potential to be a treatment for epilepsy.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jong Hee Choi, Jinhee Oh, Min Jung Lee, Seong-Gyu Ko, Seung-Yeol Nah, Ik-Hyun Cho
Summary: The study revealed that Gintonin has neuroprotective effects in models of multiple sclerosis, alleviating inflammatory lesions. The mechanism of action may involve inhibiting various signaling pathways, enhancing antioxidant activity, and modulating immune cell activity through LPARs, providing a new therapeutic approach for autoimmune disorders.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shufan Jiang, Huili Yang, Mingqing Li
Summary: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that regulates various cell biological functions. Macrophages, present in most human tissues, play important roles in both physiology and pathology. The review highlights the significant role of LPA signaling in macrophages and its involvement in diseases such as inflammation-related diseases, cancer, atherosclerosis, and fibrosis. The therapeutic strategies targeting LPA are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karina Helivier Solis, M. Teresa Romero-Avila, Alejandro Guzman-Silva, J. Adolfo Garcia-Sainz
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the function regulation, signaling pathways activation, and structural characteristics of the LPA(3) receptor, highlighting the current knowledge gap in its functional regulation to stimulate further experimental work.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Mahdi Rafiyan, Mohammad Hassan Jafari Najaf Abadi, Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh, Michael R. Hamblin, Mahboubeh Mousavi, Hamed Mirzaei
Summary: MiRNAs play critical roles in regulating gene expression in both normal and cancer cells. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling can induce overexpression of miRNAs, whose functional roles remain to be fully clarified. RNA-based treatments hold great promise in personalized medicine.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Sun-Hye Choi, Rami Lee, Sung Min Nam, Do-Geun Kim, Ik-Hyun Cho, Hyoung-Chun Kim, Yoonjeong Cho, Hyewhon Rhim, Seung-Yeol Nah
Summary: The aging population and increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases pose challenges to societies. Ginseng saponin shows promise as a functional food to prevent brain aging and disorders. Research suggests that ginseng saponin has positive effects on combating brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases through multiple pathways.
INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Melanie A. Dacheux, Derek D. Norman, Gabor J. Tigyi, Sue Chin Lee
Summary: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator that regulates various cellular functions through G protein-coupled receptors known as LPAR1-6. This review focuses on LPAR5, which plays a key role in regulating intestinal homeostasis and modulating pathological conditions. The review also discusses the development of compounds targeting LPAR5 for probing its biology and as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases and cancer.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rami Lee, Ji-Hun Kim, Hongik Hwang, Hyewhon Rhim, Sung-Hee Hwang, Ik-Hyun Cho, Do-Geun Kim, Hyoung-Chun Kim, Seung-Yeol Nah
Summary: Ginseng is a traditional herbal medicine with tonic properties. Gintonin, derived from white/red ginseng, acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled LPA receptors. Korean red ginseng marc (KRGM) is a by-product of the ginseng processing. We developed a cost-effective method for producing KRGM gintonin and studied its anti-skin aging effects under UVB exposure. KRGM gintonin showed antioxidant properties and reduced cell senescence while promoting wound healing. This suggests that KRGM gintonin could be used as a new material for skin nutrition and healthcare.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sun-Hye Choi, Ra Mi Lee, Han-Sung Cho, Sung Hee Hwang, Hong-Ik Hwang, Hyewhon Rhim, Hyoung-Chun Kim, Do-Geun Kim, Ik-Hyun Cho, Seung-Yeol Nah
Summary: This study discovered the direct binding of gintonin to LPA receptors and the activation of EGF receptors through LPA receptor regulation. These findings may contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms of ginseng in biological systems.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yu-Hsuan Lin, Yueh-Chien Lin, Chien-Chin Chen
Summary: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive lipid mediator derived from membrane phospholipids, drives cellular effects by binding to LPA receptors. Selective antagonists targeting LPA receptors show therapeutic potential for various diseases, with ongoing preclinical trials for new LPA receptor antagonists. Targeting LPA receptors has potential clinical applications for patients with diverse diseases, including cancer.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jin-Woo Lee, Choon-Soo Lee, Yong-Rim Ryu, Jaewon Lee, HyunJu Son, Hyun-Jai Cho, Hyo-Soo Kim
Summary: LPAR4 is a novel CPC marker transiently expressed only in the heart during embryo development. Modulation of LPAR4-positive cells may be a promising strategy for repairing myocardium after myocardial infarction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Gomez-Larrauri, Patricia Gangoiti, Natalia Presa, Asier Dominguez-Herrera, Chiara Donati, Paola Bruni, Miguel Trueba, Antonio Gomez-Munoz, Alberto Ouro
Summary: Phosphatidic acid stimulates myoblast proliferation through interaction with LPA1 and LPA2 receptors, activating the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK1-2 pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chi Zhang, Weiyun Li, Xiaobo Lei, Zhenfei Xie, Linlin Qi, Hui Wang, Xia Xiao, Jun Xiao, Yuxiao Zheng, Chen Dong, Xin Zheng, Shiyang Chen, Jianfeng Chen, Bing Sun, Jun Qin, Qiwei Zhai, Jinsong Li, Bin Wei, Jianwei Wang, Hongyan Wang
Summary: The study reveals that in viral infection, LPA suppresses interferon production through the LPA1 receptor, affecting immune responses. Additionally, LPA1 and ROCK1/2 may impact viral infections by promoting vascular leaking or lung fibrosis. Therefore, targeting the LPA1-ROCK module could be beneficial for treating SARS-CoV-2 or other virus infections.
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Puigdomenech-Poch, Anna Martinez-Muriana, Pol Andres-Benito, Isidre Ferrer, Jerold Chun, Ruben Lopez-Vales
Summary: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and its G protein-coupled receptor LP(2) play important roles in the pathophysiology of ALS, with their genetic deletion showing protective effects in the early stages of the disease but shortening survival.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sung Jin Kim, Seung-Yeol Nah, Il-Ho Park, Myoung-Sook Shin, Ki Sung Kang
Summary: This study investigated the inhibitory effect of gintonin (GT), an ingredient of ginseng, on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EM transition) in A549 cells. The results showed that GT suppressed the expression of EM transition-related genes and proteins, as well as the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). Immunofluorescence staining also revealed that GT decreased the expression of Vim and N-cad induced by TGF-beta 1 in A549 cells. Therefore, GT may suppress cancer cell metastasis by maintaining the integrity of cell-cell junctions.
Article
Neurosciences
Kwanghoon Park, ChiHye Chung
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juyong Kim, Siyoung Lee, Jaekyoon Kim, Sangwoo Ham, Jung Han Yoon Park, Seungbong Han, Yong-Keun Jung, Insop Shim, Jung-Soo Han, Ki Won Lee, Jiyoung Kim
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyo Jung Kang, Sujung Yoon, Suji Lee, Koeul Choi, Sihwan Seol, Shinwon Park, Eun Namgung, Tammy D. Kim, Yong-An Chung, Jungyoon Kim, Jung-Soo Han, In Kyoon Lyoo
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyeon-Joong Kim, Sun-Hye Choi, Na-Eun Lee, Hee-Jung Cho, Hyewhon Rhim, Hyoung-Chun Kim, Sung-Hee Hwang, Seung-Yeol Nah
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kyungchul Noh, Jung-Cheol Park, Jung-Soo Han, Sung Joong Lee
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoonjeong Cho, Hongik Hwang, Md. Ataur Rahman, ChiHye Chung, Hyewhon Rhim
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Do-Geun Kim, Hyeon-Joong Kim, Sun-Hye Choi, Sung Min Nam, Hyoung-Chun Kim, Hyewhon Rhim, Ik-Hyun Cho, Man Hee Rhee, Seung-Yeol Nah
Summary: Gintonin, a ginseng-derived exogenous G-protein-coupled LPA receptor ligand, has been shown to influence the migration and morphology of adult mouse brain neurons in vivo. The effects of gintonin on hNPCs were also observed in vitro, with changes in morphology and migration. These findings suggest that gintonin may have potential therapeutic effects on neurological diseases by affecting the morphology and migration of brain neurons.
JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hee-Ju Kang, Eun-Hye Lee, Ju-Wan Kim, Sung-Wan Kim, Il-Seon Shin, Joon-Tae Kim, Man-Seok Park, Ki-Hyun Cho, Jung-Soo Han, In Kyoon Lyoo, Jae-Min Kim
Summary: The study found that high methylation of SLC6A4 and suicidal ideation within 2 weeks after stroke are both associated with worse long-term outcomes. Additionally, a significant interaction effect between SI and CpG 4 methylation status was identified, enhancing the association with long-term stroke outcomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jung-Cheol Park, Yong-Jae Jeon, Yoon-Sun Jang, Jeiwon Cho, Dong-Hee Choi, Jung-Soo Han
Summary: Down-regulation of SGK1 expression in the mPFC of rats can affect resistance to stress-induced cognitive impairment, while recognition memory remains intact in control rats following brief stress.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dong-Hee Kim, Bo-Ryoung Choi, Yong-Jae Jeon, Yoon-Sun Jang, Jung-Soo Han
Summary: Research indicates that midbrain dopamine neurons and lateral habenula neurons play crucial roles in appetitive extinction. The study found higher activity levels of LHb neurons in the paired-CS-alone group, while VTA and SNc activity was significantly higher in the paired-paired group. Additionally, lesions in the LHb decelerated the decline in conditioned food-cup responses, highlighting the crucial role of LHb in appetitive extinction.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Woonhee Kim, ChiHye Chung
Summary: Mood disorders are more prevalent and severe in women, but the underlying mechanisms of this sexual prevalence remain unclear. A study comparing brain activation in male and female mice after acute stress exposure found sexually dimorphic activation in certain brain areas, though core stress responding mechanisms were largely shared between sexes. Stress strengthened intra-circuitries in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex in female mice, while longer-range connections were highlighted in stressed male mice. This study provides a valuable neuroanatomical framework for investigating the circuit mechanism underlying the higher vulnerability to depression in women.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dong-Hee Kim, Bo-Ryoung Choi, In-Beom Jin, Jin-Ah Jeon, Sang-Pil Park, Jung-Soo Han
Summary: A previous study found that lateral habenula (LHb) lesions slowed down appetitive extinction. Therefore, we investigated whether LHb activation could accelerate appetitive extinction. In this study, rats underwent appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, pairing a conditioned stimulus (CS, light) with an unconditioned stimulus (food pellets), followed by CS-alone presentations. Chemogenetic LHb activation expedited the decrease in conditioned food-cup responses during extinction. The present findings, along with previous LHb lesion studies, suggest that LHb mediates appetitive extinction.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
In-Beom Jin, Yong-Jae Jeon, Jeiwon Cho, Jung-Soo Han
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the LHb plays a critical role in mediating the association between CS and the absence of US. The LHb is involved in the conditioned inhibitory properties of CS acquired through explicit unpaired training, but preexposure to the same number of lights does not significantly retard the acquisition of subsequent excitatory associations.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Hee-Ju Kang, Ju-Wan Kim, Sung-Wan Kim, Jung-Soo Han, In Kyoon Lyoo, Jae-Min Kim
Summary: Biomarkers, especially peripheral ones, can contribute to the development of preventive and intervention strategies for suicidal behavior. These biomarkers should be easily accessible, cost-effective, and minimally invasive. Several peripheral biomarkers are associated with suicidal behavior, such as decreased levels of peripheral interleukin-2 in suicide attempts and elevated levels of certain substances in cerebrospinal fluid related to suicide risk and suicide death. Combining multiple potential biomarkers may improve screening, diagnosis, and prediction of suicidal behavior.
CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seul Ki Kim, Le Trung Tran, Cherl NamKoong, Hyung Jin Choi, Hye Jin Chun, Yong-ho Lee, MyungHyun Cheon, ChiHye Chung, Junmo Hwang, Hyun-Ho Lim, Dong Min Shin, Yun-Hee Choi, Ki Woo Kim
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)