Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julienne Haas, Daniela Berg, Anja Bosy-Westphal, Eva Schaeffer
Summary: Studies show that patients with Parkinson's disease have a strong craving for sweets and consume more high-sugar food. This high-sugar intake may increase insulin concentration, which can positively affect dopamine concentration in the brain and act as self-medication to compensate for dopamine deficiency. However, it may also lead to insulin resistance and diabetes, which are discussed as causes for progressive neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.
Article
Toxicology
B. S. Cagle, M. L. Sturgeon, J. B. O'Brien, J. C. Wilkinson, R. A. Cornell, D. L. Roman, J. A. Doorn
Summary: Disruption of DA metabolism and cell trafficking can lead to toxic products and neurological conditions like PD. In vitro models that replicate DA metabolism and trafficking are crucial for studying pathogenic mechanisms involving DA neurons.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soheil Kazemi Roodsari, Yan Cheng, Kirstin M. Reed, Laurie L. Wellman, Larry D. Sanford, Woong-Ki Kim, Ming-Lei Guo
Summary: Sleep disorders and drug addiction are highly correlated and function as major risk factors for drug addiction. Recent studies have shown that both sleep disorders and drug abuse could activate microglia and increase neuroinflammation, which play critical roles in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Through experiments using a mouse model, it was found that sleep fragmentation (SF) can attenuate the psychoactive effects of cocaine by modulating neuroimmune and dopamine signaling. These findings suggest that sleep disorders may mediate the connection between sleep disorders and drug addiction by affecting neuroimmune and dopamine signaling in the brain reward circuitry.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alemu Gebrie
Summary: The melanocortin signaling system is composed of peptides, receptors, accessory proteins, and antagonists. It plays a role in various physiological and pathological conditions. There are five types of receptors that distribute in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. The signaling pathways are complex and can lead to neuroprotection. Targeting components of this system may have therapeutic potentials.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Monika Vrajova, Romana Slamberova, Cyril Hoschl, Saak Ovsepian
Summary: Methamphetamine is a powerful and highly addictive psychostimulant with detrimental effects on mental and physical health. It poses a significant challenge in terms of sleep impairments and addiction relapse, calling for targeted interventions. Understanding the mechanisms behind methamphetamine-related sleep disruption is crucial for translational and clinical psychiatry, highlighting the need for further research and therapeutic approaches.
Review
Cell Biology
Christina Doxaki, Konstantinos Palikaras
Summary: Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis in neurons, particularly through impaired mitophagy, can lead to neurodegenerative disorders, while excessive mitophagy may reduce mitochondrial content and ultimately trigger neuronal cell death.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sandro Huenchuguala, Juan Segura-Aguilar
Summary: Iron plays a fundamental role in various aspects of human life, but an imbalance in iron levels can lead to certain pathologies. Maintaining iron homeostasis is crucial in preventing these pathologies. While there is evidence suggesting iron's involvement in the degenerative process of Parkinson's disease, clinical studies have not shown positive effects of iron chelators in treating the disease.
Review
Cell Biology
Roy A. Wise, Chloe J. Jordan
Summary: Addictive drugs can lead to addiction, with dopamine playing a crucial role in learning and emotional arousal. Changes in dopamine levels affect the animal's response to predictive stimuli, and the mechanisms of action of different addictive drugs warrant further investigation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarmistha Mitra, Raju Dash, Amena Al Nishan, Sarmin Ummey Habiba, Il Soo Moon
Summary: This review examines the influence of the gut microbiota on neuronal development and neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing the importance of understanding the balance between beneficial and harmful bacteria. It also highlights the potential therapeutic applications of targeting the gut microbiota population and its derivatives.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gabriella E. DiCarlo, Samuel J. Mabry, Xixi Cao, Clara McMillan, Tiffany G. Woynaroski, Fiona E. Harrison, India A. Reddy, Heinrich J. G. Matthies, Charles R. Flynn, Mark T. Wallace, Hui Wu, Aurelio Galli
Summary: The study demonstrates the association between rare variants of the SLC6A3 gene and altered oral microbiota composition, metabolic dysfunction, and other gastrointestinal changes in individuals with ASD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Deshenyue Kong, Jia-xue Sun, Ji-qun Yang, Yuan-sen Li, Ke Bi, Zun-yue Zhang, Kun-hua Wang, Hua-you Luo, Mei Zhu, Yu Xu
Summary: Substance use disorders (SUD) can lead to serious health problems, and there is a great interest in developing new treatment methods to alleviate the impact of substance abuse. In recent years, the ketogenic diet (KD) has shown therapeutic benefits as a dietary therapy in a variety of neurological disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matteo Haupt, Stefan T. Gerner, Mathias Baehr, Thorsten R. Doeppner
Summary: Despite significant progress in stroke therapy, ischemic stroke still imposes a high socioeconomic burden on industrialized countries. Current treatment paradigms focus on thrombolysis or thrombectomy, which are only suitable for a fraction of patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need for adjuvant therapeutic approaches like neuroprotection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Si Han Li, Khaled S. Abd-Elrahman, Stephen S. G. Ferguson
Summary: Glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, plays crucial roles in neuronal function. mGluR2 and mGluR3, members of the Group II mGluR family, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, making them potential drug targets for treatment.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
William N. Sanchez, Jose A. Pochapski, Leticia F. Jessen, Marek Ellenberger, Rainer K. Schwarting, Donita L. Robinson, Roberto Andreatini, Claudio Da Cunha
Summary: The study found that diazepam can mitigate the neurochemical and psychostimulant effects of cocaine, such as reducing dopamine signals, inhibiting the increase in 50-kHz calls, and decreasing cocaine-induced locomotion.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Bindu Kodati, Dorota L. Stankowska, Vignesh R. Krishnamoorthy, Raghu R. Krishnamoorthy
Summary: The study found that JNK2 plays a major role in endothelin-mediated loss of retinal ganglion cells in mice. The neuroprotective effects in JNK2(-/-) mice following ET-1 administration occur mainly in the soma and not in the axons of RGCs.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)