Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linda May-Zhang, Min Liu, Dennis Black, Patrick Tso
Summary: The discovery of APOA5 has raised questions about its role in lipid transport and TG homeostasis. APOA5 has been identified as a regulator of plasma TG levels and may also affect postprandial TG metabolism through influencing chylomicron formation and transport. Mysteries remain on how this liver-derived protein modulates TG homeostasis, especially via the gut.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Waris Wongpipit, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Masashi Miyashita, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
Summary: Interrupting prolonged sitting with walking at different intensities and durations can reduce postprandial glucose concentrations in young Chinese men with central obesity when the energy expenditure is equivalent.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yixi Zhao, Longtao Liu, Shengjie Yang, Guijian Liu, Limin Pan, Chun Gu, Yang Wang, Dan Li, Ran Zhao, Min Wu
Summary: Postprandial lipemia is closely related to cardiovascular disease and research focuses on TG, TRL, VLDL, CM, and remnant cholesterol. Interventions such as diet, exercise, and medications can improve postprandial lipemia, with novel drugs like pemafibrate, PCSK9, and apoCIII inhibitors garnering attention. Studies on the gut microbiota and its potential impact on lipid metabolism and postprandial lipemia warrant further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Heath M. Burton, Edward F. Coyle
Summary: Reducing daily step counts to approximately 2500-5000 steps per day impairs the acute exercise-induced increase in fat oxidation and attenuation of postprandial plasma triglyceride increases in young healthy individuals. Exercise resistance seems to occur in individuals taking approximately 5000 or fewer steps per day, while 8500 steps per day protect against exercise resistance in fat metabolism. Fat metabolism appears to be more influenced by the inhibitory effects of inactivity than by the stimulating effects derived from 1 h of moderate-intensity running.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Serap Ozer Yaman, Fulya Balaban Yucesan, Cihan Orem, Birgul Vanizor Kural, Asim Orem
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the circulating levels of endocan in PPL subjects and determine its association with endothelial and inflammatory factors. The results showed that the levels of endocan were significantly higher in PPL subjects and positively correlated with other endothelial and inflammation factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jennifer Leohr, Maria C. Kjellsson
Summary: The TIGG model is the first to integrate glucose and insulin regulation, incretin effect, and triglyceride response. It can describe the postprandial response in individuals with different body weights following a high-fat meal and provide insights into glucose homeostasis regulation. We extended the TIGG model to predict the postprandial triglyceride response using total triglycerides, which can be useful when lipoprotein subclasses are not available.
CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Manabu Takahashi, Hiroaki Okazaki, Ken Ohashi, Masatsune Ogura, Shun Ishibashi, Sachiko Okazaki, Satoshi Hirayama, Mika Hori, Kota Matsuki, Shinji Yokoyama, Mariko Harada-Shiba
Summary: Abetalipoproteinemia (ABL) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins, leading to severe hypolipidemia and various systemic symptoms. High dose vitamin supplementation is the mainstay of treatment, but does not fully prevent or restore impaired function.
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Mena-Vazquez, Rocio Redondo-Rodriguez, Jose Rioja, Francisco Gabriel Jimenez-Nunez, Sara Manrique-Arija, Jose Manuel Lisbona-Montanez, Laura Cano-Garcia, Marta Rojas-Gimenez, Inmaculada Urena, Pedro Valdivielso, Antonio Fernandez-Nebro
Summary: Postprandial lipidemia is more frequent in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and inflammation.
Article
Sport Sciences
James W. Smallcombe, Gregory J. H. Biddle, Tommy Slater, Alice E. Thackray, David W. Dunstan, Laura A. Barrett, Keith Tolfrey
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effects of breaking sedentary time with walking and standing on postprandial metabolism in inactive adolescent girls during simulated school days. The results showed that two consecutive days of breaking prolonged sitting had no meaningful effect on postprandial metabolism in adolescent girls.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Catherine B. Springer, Ryan M. Sapp, William S. Evans, James M. Hagberg, Steven J. Prior
Summary: Repeated exposure to high-fat meals can lead to inflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to cardiometabolic diseases. Exercise can help prevent these diseases, but a prior exercise session may not fully counteract the effects of high-fat meals on vascular-related ci-miRs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yunpeng Guan, Xiaoyu Hou, Peipei Tian, Luping Ren, Yong Tang, An Song, Jiajun Zhao, Ling Gao, Guangyao Song
Summary: The study investigated mechanisms of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia (PPT) through analyzing serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels before and after a high-fat meal. Results showed significantly higher levels of various parameters in the PPT group, indicating that elevated ApoCIII levels may be a risk factor for PPT.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diana Maria Munoz-Perez, Clara Helena Gonzalez-Correa, Elcy Yaned Astudillo-Munoz, Gloria Liliana Porras-Hurtado, Maite Sanchez-Giraldo, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Antonio Camargo, Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuniga
Summary: The study showed that a dietary pattern based on fruit, avocado, whole grains, and trout (FAWGT) has positive effects on postprandial insulin and lipid metabolism in obese individuals. The FAWGT diet, characterized by high fiber, monounsaturated fats, and vitamins C and E, reduced insulin levels, improved lipid levels, and is considered a valid alternative to other heart-healthy diets for obese subjects.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlos Garcia-Vazquez, Jorge L. Ble-Castillo, Yolanda Arias-Cordova, Meztli Ramos-Garcia, Viridiana Olvera-Hernandez, Crystell G. Guzman-Priego, Mirian C. Martinez-Lopez, Guadalupe Jimenez-Dominguez, Josafat A. Hernandez-Becerra
Summary: This study investigated the effects of resistant starch (RS) on glycemic control, postprandial lipemia, and appetite in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). It was found that consumption of RS from banana starch resulted in reduced fasting glycemia, postprandial glycemia peak, and insulin response. Both banana starch and high-amylose maize starch (HMS) decreased hunger and increased satiety. RS intake did not alter postprandial lipemia, but it positively affected subjective appetite rates.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yishi Shen, Hong-mei Gu, Lei Zhai, Binxiang Wang, Shucun Qin, Da-wei Zhang
Summary: Elevated levels of LDL-C increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this study, the role of Surf4 in lipoprotein metabolism and the development of atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) mice was investigated. The results showed that knockdown of Surf4 expression significantly reduced triglyceride secretion and plasma levels of non-HDL cholesterol and triglycerides without causing hepatic lipid accumulation or liver damage. Knockdown of Surf4 also diminished atherosclerosis lesions. These findings suggest that hepatic Surf4 inhibition may be a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malene R. Christiansen, Mario G. Urena, Dmitrii Borisevich, Niels Grarup, J. Alfredo Martinez, Jean-Michel Oppert, Thorkild I. A. Sorensen, Torben Hansen, Ellen E. Blaak, Tuomas O. Kilpelainen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influences of higher abdominal compared with gluteofemoral fat on postprandial lipemia in individuals with obesity. Results suggested that higher abdominal fat deposition might be causally associated with elevated postprandial lipemia, independently of fasting lipid concentrations and BMI. Additionally, there were opposing effects of abdominal and gluteofemoral fat depots on postprandial lipemia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Menno P. J. de Winther, Magnus Back, Paul Evans, Delphine Gomez, Isabel Goncalves, Helle F. Jorgensen, Rory R. Koenen, Esther Lutgens, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Elena Osto, Lea Dib, Michael Simons, Konstantinos Stellos, Seppo Yla-Herttuala, Holger Winkels, Marie-Luce Bochaton-Piallat, Claudia Monaco
Summary: The advent of single-cell biology has opened up new possibilities for understanding human biological processes and diagnosing, monitoring, and treating diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). By analyzing CVD samples at the single-cell level, new cell communities that play a role in disease development can be identified, leading to new therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the single-cell analysis of atherosclerotic plaques, highlighting the current understanding of cellular subpopulations and their heterogeneity and plasticity in relation to clinically relevant features. The clinical impact of single-cell technologies in CVD patient care is emphasized, calling for multidisciplinary and international collaborative efforts.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arnold von Eckardstein, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Alan T. Remaley, Alberico L. Catapano
Summary: Previous interest in HDL focused on its role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but recent studies show that HDL has broader physiological functions and is associated with various diseases.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lale Tokgozoglu, Carl Orringer, Alberico Catapano
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laura Calabresi, Giuseppe Danilo Norata
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nick S. Nurmohamed, Jordan M. Kraaijenhof, Manuel Mayr, Stephen J. Nicholls, Wolfgang Koenig, Alberico L. Catapano, Erik S. G. Stroes
Summary: Given the limited accuracy of clinically used risk scores, novel risk algorithms based on proteomics and lipidomics data could provide more reliable ASCVD risk prediction. Retrospective studies have consistently shown the additive prognostic value of these panels over traditional risk scores, and prospective studies are needed to determine their clinical utility.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Angela Pirillo, Alberico L. Catapano
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elena Olmastroni, Marta Gazzotti, Maurizio Averna, Marcello Arca, Patrizia Tarugi, Sebastiano Calandra, Stefano Bertolini, Alberico L. Catapano, Manuela Casula
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of LPA risk variants in adult individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in Italy. The study found that a portion of FH patients had high lp(a) levels, which could not be explained by monogenic or polygenic causes. It suggests the importance of measuring lp(a) levels in diagnosing FH and excluding other factors that may contribute to the phenotype before performing genetic tests.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jasmine Nour, Fabrizia Bonacina, Giuseppe D. Norata
Summary: Epidemiological data and interventional studies suggest that women have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared to men until menopause. The molecular mechanisms underlying this difference are still debated, but experimental models have shown that estrogen receptor activation is atheroprotective. Additionally, the importance of sex chromosome complement on atherosclerosis beyond sex hormones is also worth investigating.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lorenzo Da Dalt, Ainara G. Cabodevilla, Ira J. Goldberg, Giuseppe Danilo Norata
Summary: Maintaining a balance in energy utilization is crucial for metabolic tissues, especially the heart. Changes in energetic substrate preference and disruptions in lipid metabolism can lead to heart failure. This review focuses on the sources and uptake pathways of fatty acids in cardiomyocytes, as well as the mechanisms of lipid storage, oxidation, and the role of cholesterol accumulation in heart dysfunction.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lorenzo Da Dalt, Annalisa Moregola, Monika Svecla, Silvia Pedretti, Francesca Fantini, Mirko Ronzio, Patrizia Uboldi, Diletta Dolfini, Elena Donetti, Andrea Baragetti, Nico Mitro, Luca Scorrano, Giuseppe Danilo Norata
Summary: Impairment of mitochondrial fusion affects the development of liver steatosis and obesity. Mice lacking OPA1 are protected from high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction due to reduced lipid absorption.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Maciej Banach, Giuseppe Danilo Norata
Summary: Elevated levels of LDL-C increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and reducing LDL-C levels can lower the risk of cardiovascular adverse events. Red yeast rice (RYR) has cholesterol-lowering effects due to its bioactive components (monacolins) that inhibit the activity of HMG-CoA reductase. However, the use of RYR as a food supplement at a dose of 10 mg/day raises significant safety concerns, and serious adverse effects have been reported at even lower doses.
CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marcello Arca, Simone Celant, Pier Paolo Olimpieri, Antonietta Colatrella, Luca Tomassini, Laura D'Erasmo, Maurizio Averna, Alberto Zambon, Alberico Luigi Catapano, Pierluigi Russo
Summary: This study evaluated the prescription patterns and long-term efficacy of alirocumab and evolocumab in treating familial hypercholesterolemia in clinical practice. The findings showed that these two drugs had comparable LDL-C-lowering efficacy to controlled trials, but a low proportion of patients achieved the recommended LDL-C goals.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Vivek Krishna Pulakazhi Venu, Annalisa Moregola, Lorenzo Da Dalt, Patrizia Uboldi, Fabrizia Bonacina, Andres Fernando Muro, Giuseppe Danilo Norata
Summary: This study investigates the role of the Extra Domain A (EDA) of fibronectin in sepsis. Results show that mice with EDA expression are protected against sepsis, and neutrophils bind more to FN_EDA+ surface, potentially limiting over-reactivity.
ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chris J. Packard, Angela Pirillo, Sotirios Tsimikas, Brian A. Ference, Alberico L. Catapano
Summary: Pharmacological approaches for reducing LDL cholesterol have been effective in reducing cardiovascular disease risk, but residual risk persists. Elevated triglycerides and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are associated with increased cardiovascular risk, and apoC-III plays a key role in regulating their metabolism. New drugs targeting apoC-III can substantially reduce triglyceride levels.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
