Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma K. Rautenberg, Yassin Hamzaoui, Dawn K. Coletta
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity present major challenges in public health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms contributing to these metabolic disorders, particularly insulin resistance, is crucial. Impaired mitochondria structure and function are common features in insulin-resistant individuals with T2D or obesity, potentially due to epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes. Investigating mitochondrial abnormalities is important for gaining insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Juergen G. Okun, Patricia M. Rusu, Andrea Y. Chan, Yuqin Wu, Yann W. Yap, Thomas Sharkie, Jonas Schumacher, Kathrin V. Schmidt, Katherine M. Roberts-Thomson, Ryan D. Russell, Annika Zota, Susanne Hille, Andreas Jungmann, Ludovico Maggi, Young Lee, Matthias Bluher, Stephan Herzig, Michelle A. Keske, Mathias Heikenwalder, Oliver J. Mueller, Adam J. Rose
Summary: Elevated hepatic alanine catabolism promotes hyperglycaemia and reduces skeletal muscle protein synthesis, linking sarcopenia with hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes. Obesity and sarcopenia are often associated in aging and may together contribute to the progression of conditions such as diabetes and frailty. Liver alanine metabolism driven by chronic glucocorticoid and glucagon signaling promotes hyperglycaemia and skeletal muscle wasting, revealing a metabolic inter-tissue cross-talk in type 2 diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fasih Ahmad Rahman, Joe Quadrilatero
Summary: Remodeling of the mitochondrial network plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating skeletal muscle regeneration. The balance between biogenesis and mitophagy, as well as mitochondrial fission and fusion, are key processes in mitochondrial network remodeling.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Laura Janko, Tunde Kovacs, Miklos Laczik, Zsanett Sari, Gyula Ujlaki, Greta Kis, Ibolya Horvath, Miklos Antal, Laszlo Vigh, Balint L. Balint, Karen Uray, Peter Bai
Summary: The deletion of PARP2 induces mitochondrial biogenesis and activity, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation in myoblasts; strong reductants can reverse mitochondrial fragmentation, and the generation of reactive oxygen species of mitochondrial origin is a key factor.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jason S. Hinkle, Caroline N. Rivera, Roger A. Vaughan
Summary: BCAA are essential in the diet and have effects on cell energetics, especially in mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the physiological relevance of these findings in humans is still unclear. Further well-controlled diet studies are needed to evaluate the association between BCAA consumption and increased mitochondrial biogenesis and improved metabolic outcomes.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hajime Yamazaki, Shinichi Tauchi, Juergen Machann, Tobias Haueise, Yosuke Yamamoto, Mitsuru Dohke, Nagisa Hanawa, Yoshihisa Kodama, Akio Katanuma, Norbert Stefan, Andreas Fritsche, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Robert Wagner, Martin Heni
Summary: This study found that different patterns of fat distribution are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, with hepatic steatosis, pancreatic steatosis, and trunk myosteatosis being associated with higher risk.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Adriana Monroy, Subash Kamath, Rosa Sotero, Michele Dei Cas, Giuseppe Daniele, Alberto O. Chavez, Muhammad Abdul-Ghani, Marta Letizia Hribal, Giorgio Sesti, Devjit Tripathy, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Franco Folli
Summary: This study aimed to identify the determinants of mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle of subjects with type 2 diabetes and evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on SKLM mitochondrial proteome. The results showed that T2DM is associated with reduced levels of mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and an increased abundance of enzymes implicated in fatty acid catabolism in SKLM. Treatment with pioglitazone improved the SKLM mitochondrial proteomic profile in subjects with T2DM.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiayu Lv, Yumeng Li, Shuqing Shi, Xia Xu, Huaqin Wu, Bingxuan Zhang, Qingqiao Song
Summary: Patients with heart failure often experience skeletal muscle diseases, including abnormalities in mitochondrial metabolism. This review focuses on the remodeling of skeletal muscle mitochondria in heart failure patients or animal models, as well as the molecular regulatory mechanisms and potential pharmacological approaches for improving skeletal muscle mitochondrial function.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gianluca Gortan Cappellari, Aneta Aleksova, Matteo Dal Ferro, Antonio Cannata, Annamaria Semolic, Alberto Guarnaccia, Michela Zanetti, Mauro Giacca, Gianfranco Sinagra, Rocco Barazzoni
Summary: Skeletal muscle derangements in chronic heart failure (CHF), such as mitochondrial dysfunction and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lead to muscle wasting and reduced exercise capacity. 8-week n-3-PUFA dietary replacement normalizes mitochondrial dynamics, reduces oxidative stress, and preserves skeletal muscle mass in CHF.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hertzel C. Gerstein, Naveed Sattar, Julio Rosenstock, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Richard Pratley, Renato D. Lopes, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Nardev S. Khurmi, Laura Heenan, Stefano Del Prato, Leanne Dyal, Kelley Branch
Summary: The trial compared the cardiovascular and renal outcomes of weekly injections of efpeglenatide versus a placebo in participants with type 2 diabetes and a history of cardiovascular disease or current kidney disease. The study found that the risk of cardiovascular events was lower with efpeglenatide treatment, and a composite renal outcome event was also reduced.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aeyung Kim, Sang-Min Park, No Soo Kim, Haeseung Lee
Summary: Ginsenoside Rc (gRc) effectively reduces oxidative stress-induced damage to muscle cells, promotes mitochondrial function and ATP production, and slows down muscle degradation and loss. gRc also regulates genes related to mitochondrial mass and biogenesis, while suppressing genes associated with muscle degradation. These findings suggest that gRc has potential as a promising treatment for muscle loss and weakness.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dale F. Taylor, David J. Bishop
Summary: This review summarizes and critically analyzes the published literature on the exercise-induced movement of transcription factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bertram Pitt, Gerasimos Filippatos, Rajiv Agarwal, Stefan D. Anker, George L. Bakris, Peter Rossing, Amer Joseph, Peter Kolkhof, Christina Nowack, Patrick Schloemer, Luis M. Ruilope
Summary: Finerenone therapy improved cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and stage 2 to 4 CKD with moderately elevated albuminuria or stage 1 or 2 CKD with severely elevated albuminuria, compared to placebo. The risk of the primary outcome event was significantly lower in the finerenone group, primarily driven by a reduction in hospitalization for heart failure.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Arnaud D. Kaze, Gregg C. Fonarow, Sam Dagogo-Jack
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes, severe hypoglycemia is independently associated with a higher risk of incident heart failure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Jonathan M. Memme, Avigail T. Erlich, David A. Hood, Geetika Phukan
Summary: Mitochondrial health is crucial for cellular function and overall vitality, with skeletal muscle serving as a key model tissue for studying mitochondrial adaptations. The plasticity of mitochondria allows for adjustments in response to exercise, contributing to metabolic health in individuals with various diseases and aging. Further research into mitochondrial turnover mechanisms in muscle could provide therapeutic targets for improving health and longevity in aging populations.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Levy Munguia, Miguel Ortiz, Cristian Gonzalez, Andres Portilla, Eduardo Meaney, Francisco Villarreal, Nayelli Najera, Guillermo Ceballos
Summary: Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue, and its mitochondria play a major role in various biological processes. Flavonoids, as polyphenolic compounds, have the potential to modulate mitochondrial myopathy. Research suggests that flavonoids may have positive effects on skeletal muscle structure and function.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Araceli Montoya-Estrada, Daniela B. Veruete-Bedolla, Jose Romo-Yanez, Guillermo F. Ortiz-Luna, Arturo Arellano-Eguiluz, Nayelli Najera, Guillermo Ceballos, Nayeli Goreti Nieto-Velazquez, Ma. Abel Ramos-Valencia, Norma Carino-Mancilla, Norma L. Valdez-Rodriguez, Arturo Flores-Pliego, Aurora Espejel-Nunez, Enrique Reyes-Munoz
Summary: In postmenopausal women, those with metabolic syndrome have higher oxidative stress markers, while those without metabolic syndrome have lower oxidative stress markers.
JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sophie You, Evan M. Masutani, Marcus T. Alley, Shreyas S. Vasanawala, Pam R. Taub, Joy Liau, Anne C. Roberts, Albert Hsiao
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility of using deep learning for image-based background phase error correction in 4D flow MRI and compared its effectiveness to manual correction. The results showed that the automated correction method reduced bias and variance in flow measurements, achieving comparable results to manual correction.
Article
Pediatrics
Silvia Romero-Maldonado, Diana Mercedes Soriano-Becerril, Perla Karina Garcia-May, Enrique Reyes-Munoz, Eudoxia Georgina Munoz-Ortiz, Sandra Carrera-Muinos, Martha Lucia Granados-Cepeda, Jorge Arturo Cardona-Perez, Elsa Castro-Millan, Enrique Segura-Cervantes, Guillermo Ceballos, Araceli Montoya-Estrada
Summary: The study suggests that oropharyngeal administration of colostrum can increase serum IgA concentration, shorten the time to complete enteral feeding and reach birth weight, and reduce the total days of hospitalization in premature newborns.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tommy T. Chiou, Kimberly Tomasi, Pam R. Taub, Michael J. Wilkinson
Summary: We presented an early experience with inclisiran in an academic lipid clinic, administered by healthcare professionals. The study showed variations in approval rates among different insurance types, with Medicare beneficiaries having higher approval rates compared to non-Medicare insurance holders. The findings suggest the need for increased accessibility of inclisiran, particularly for younger patients with non-Medicare insurance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Shawn Erin McGlynn, Guy Perkins, Min Sub Sim, Mason Mackey, Thomas J. Deerinck, Andrea Thor, Sebastien Phan, Daniel Ballard, Mark H. Ellisman, Victoria J. Orphan
Summary: Working with methane oxidizing ANME archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria, researchers discovered that their intracytoplasmic membranes (ICMs) resemble the lamellar cristae found in metazoan mitochondria. This suggests a similar functional structure in these microorganisms. Furthermore, similar structures were also found in other bacteria, expanding our knowledge of microbial cell structure in the environment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andres Portilla-Martinez, Miguel Ortiz-Flores, Isabel Hidalgo, Cristian Gonzalez-Ruiz, Eduardo Meaney, Guillermo Ceballos, Nayelli Najera
Summary: Despite the development of vaccines and drugs for COVID-19, there are still too many obstacles to implementing a fully accessible plan for prevention and therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to explore nutraceutical/pharmaceutical drugs as potential preventives/treatments. Flavonoids, particularly amentoflavone, show promise as multitarget inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural proteins.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Selma Alin Somilleda-Ventura, Ruth Mery Lopez-Mayorga, Eduardo Meaney-Mendiolea, Angel Ivan Orlando Rubio-Gayosso, Hector Javier Perez-Cano, Guillermo Manuel Ceballos-Reyes, Virgilio Lima-Gomez
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effect of (-)-Epicatechin administered alone or simultaneously with topical Ketorolac on the relative expression of GFAP and the response of Nrf2 in a mouse model with induced hyperglycemia. The results showed that GFAP and Nrf2 decreased in the groups that received treatments alone or simultaneous for 8 weeks, with a higher concentration of Nrf2 when GFAP decreased. The findings suggest a protective effect of Ketorolac and (-)-Epicatechin in limiting preclinical retinal damage caused by inflammation in hyperglycemia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Levy Munguia, Nayelli Najera, Felipe de Jesus Martinez, Dylan Diaz-Chiguer, Fiacro Jimenez-Ponce, Miguel Ortiz-Flores, Francisco Villarreal, Guillermo Ceballos
Summary: COVID-19 can lead to intense systemic inflammation and a prothrombotic state, causing rapid and disproportionate deterioration of lung function. An observation study found that certain biomarkers are highly correlated with the severity of the disease, and elevated levels of Syndecan-1 are associated with severe cases of COVID-19. Preserving glycocalyx integrity may be a potential treatment for COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Justina P. Nguyen, Israel Ramirez-sanchez, Alejandra Garate-Carrillo, Viridiana Navarrete-Yanez, Rommel A. Carballo-Castaneda, Guillermo Ceballos, Aldo Moreno-Ulloa, Francisco Villarreal
Summary: In this study, we characterized the long-term changes in cardiac structure and function in a mouse model of aging and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. We also explored the effects of the intersection of both conditions on plasma metabolomics, as well as the roles of oxidative stress, arginase activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Tonking Bastola, Guy A. Perkins, Keun-Young Kim, Seunghwan Choi, Jin-Woo Kwon, Ziyao Shen, Stefan Strack, Won-Kyu Ju
Summary: AKAP1 is a multifunctional mitochondrial scaffold protein that regulates mitochondrial dynamics, bioenergetics, and calcium homeostasis. Loss of AKAP1 leads to mitochondrial fragmentation and loss of retinal ganglion cells. Modulation of AKAP1 could be a potential therapeutic target for glaucoma and other mitochondria-associated optic neuropathies.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Miguel Ortiz-Flores, Marcos Gonzalez-Perez, Andres Portilla, Marvin A. Soriano-Ursua, Javier Perez-Duran, Araceli Montoya-Estrada, Guillermo Ceballos, Nayelli Najera
Summary: By employing in silico tools, this study identified the most probable targets for five aromatic boronic acid derivatives and demonstrated their anticancer properties. In vitro analysis revealed that phenanthren-9-yl boronic acid and 6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl boronic acid possess cytotoxic properties at sub-micromolar concentrations. In conclusion, through in silico approaches and in vitro analysis, two boronic acid derivatives with potential anticancer activity were identified.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Perez-Duran, Aglae Luna, Andres Portilla, Pamela Martinez, Guillermo Ceballos, Miguel angel Ortiz-Flores, Juan Mario Solis-Paredes, Nayelli Najera
Summary: Breast cancer is a global public health problem, and current chemotherapy has significant adverse effects. (-)-Epicatechin (EC), a flavonoid found in plants, has been shown to have beneficial effects on skeletal muscle and the cardiovascular system without adverse effects. Recent experiments have also demonstrated that EC has an antitumor effect in a murine breast cancer model.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yolanda Martinez-Marroquin, Alejandra Meaney, Virginia Samaniego-Mendez, Nayelli Najera, Guillermo Ceballos, Carlos Fernandez-Barros, Eduardo Meaney
Summary: The study examines the TG/HDL-c ratio as a cardiovascular risk marker in a middle-class urban Mexican population. The Lindavista score (LS) is developed based on multiple variables and shows correlation with high-risk categories. Compared to the ACC ASCVD system, the TG/HDL-c ratio provides more accurate assessment of high-risk categories.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cameron K. Ormiston, Erika Padilla, David T. Van, Christine Boone, Sophie You, Anne C. Roberts, Albert Hsiao, Pam R. Taub
Summary: This case series is the first to report a three-way association between POTS, EDS, and MTS. Two patients experienced significant improvement in their POTS symptoms and quality of life after undergoing MTS treatment. Patients with EDS should be evaluated for possible POTS and pelvic venous complications.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CASE REPORTS
(2022)