Article
Immunology
Laura J. Waters, Christina K. Psomas, Tristan J. Barber
Summary: The virtual IAS conference this year was a success, highlighting key points on HIV prevention, treatment, and co-morbidities. It is strongly recommended to access the conference materials for more information.
JOURNAL OF VIRUS ERADICATION
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Billie F. Bradford, Dexter J. L. Hayes, Stefanie Damhuis, Alexis Shub, Anna Akselsson, Ingela Radestad, Alexander E. P. Heazell, Vicki Flenady, Sanne J. Gordijn
Summary: Maternal reports of decreased fetal movement (DFM) are a common reason for seeking maternity care, and they are associated with stillbirth and other adverse outcomes. However, there is limited evidence to guide clinical management of such presentations. Recent large clinical trials have evaluated educational approaches to increase awareness of fetal movements in pregnant women and maternity care providers with the aim of reducing stillbirths. The International Stillbirth Alliance Virtual Conference provided a platform for international experts to share the findings of fetal movement awareness trials, discuss the biological mechanisms linking DFM and fetal death, evaluate approaches to clinical assessment of DFM, and highlight research priorities in this area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Punita Grover, Shuchi Gulati
Summary: The American Society of Hematology hosts an annual meeting where researchers from around the world present groundbreaking research in the fields of malignant and non-malignant hematology. The 2020 meeting included a summary of non-malignant hematology abstracts, covering topics such as thrombosis, bleeding, and novel gene therapies. Readers are encouraged to access the meeting materials for a more detailed coverage of the event.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anja Catic, Theresa Reischer, Florian Heinzl, Christian Goebl, Gulen Yerlikaya-Schatten
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between twin pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and predicting factors. The study found significant associations between OGTT glucose levels, clinical risk factors, and the later requirement of pharmacotherapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sonja Klebe, Francoise Galateau Salle, Rossella Bruno, Luka Brcic, Heather I. Chen-Yost, Marie-Claude Jaurand
Summary: Pathology plays a crucial role in diagnosing mesothelioma and distinguishing it from other similar conditions. Tissue biopsy and cytology diagnosis are important techniques for determining the presence and progression of mesothelioma. The research on early diagnosis and treatment options for mesothelioma is ongoing.
Review
Ophthalmology
Chee Wai Wong, Li Lian Foo, Priya Morjaria, Ian Morgan, Andreas Mueller, Amanda Davis, Drew Keys, Mingguang He, Padmaja Sankaridurg, Jian Feng Zhu, Peter Hendicott, Donald Tan, Seang-Mei Saw, Ching Yu Cheng, Ecosse Luc Lamoureux, Jonathan G. Crowston, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Chelvin Sng, Cordelia Chan, Doric Wong, Shu Yen Lee, Rupesh Agrawal, Quan Hoang, Xinyi Su, Adrian Koh, Cheryl Ngo, Hao Chen, Pei Chang Wu, Audrey Chia, Jost B. Jonas, Tien Yin Wong, Marcus Ang
Summary: Myopia is a growing public health concern in East Asia, requiring collaborative efforts for clinical management and research. Recommendations include interventions for preventing myopic complications, holistic patient care, and advancements in imaging technologies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Diego Javier Jimenez, Basak Oezturk, Ren Wei, Timothy D. Bugg, Carol Viviana Amaya Gomez, Felipe Salcedo Galan, Jinneth Lorena Castro-Mayorga, Juan Fernando Saldarriaga, Natalia Andrea Tarazona
Summary: Plastic pollution is a global concern that needs to be addressed from different perspectives in the Anthropocene. Microbial transformation of polymers has become a key component in the circular economy of fossil-based and biobased plastics. Researchers from Colombia and Germany created the Transnational Network for Research and Innovation in Microbial Biodiversity, Enzymes Technology, and Polymer Science (MENZYPOL-NET) and organized an international workshop to discuss microbial synthesis and degradation of polymers for a sustainable bioeconomy.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
News Item
Medicine, General & Internal
Preeti Malani
Summary: This Medical News article features an interview with ECCMID program director Jacob Moran-Gilad, MD, MPH.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Gerald Simonneau, Elie Fadel, Anton Vonk Noordegraaf, Mark Toshner, Irene M. Lang, Frederikus A. Klok, Micheal C. McInnis, Nicholas Screaton, Michael M. Madani, Guillermo Martinez, Kiran Salaunkey, David P. Jenkins, Hiromi Matsubara, Philippe Brenot, Marius M. Hoeper, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Xavier Jais, Christoph B. Wiedenroth, Stefan Guth, Nick H. Kim, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Marion Delcroix, Eckhard Mayer
Summary: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare complication of acute pulmonary embolism caused by persistent obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. It requires timely and accurate diagnosis through imaging and haemodynamic assessment. Optimal therapy should be determined by an experienced multidisciplinary CTEPH team. This report summarizes current knowledge and key messages from the International CTEPH Conference, covering various aspects of the disease.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Laura Andreoli, Cecilia B. Chighizola, Luca Iaccarino, Angela Botta, Maria Gerosa, Veronique Ramoni, Chiara Tani, Bonnie Bermas, Antonio Brucato, Jill Buyon, Irene Cetin, Christina D. Chambers, Megan E. B. Clowse, Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau, Maurizio Cutolo, Sara De Carolis, Radboud Dolhain, Elisa M. Fazzi, Frauke Foerger, Ian Giles, Isabell Haase, Munther Khamashta, Roger A. Levy, Pier Luigi Meroni, Marta Mosca, Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Luigi Raio, Jane Salmon, Peter Villiger, Marie Wahren-Herlenius, Marianne Wallenius, Cristina Zanardini, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Angela Tincani
Summary: Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) pose challenges to reproductive health. Preconception counseling should consider factors such as fertility, disease impact on pregnancy outcomes, disease activity during pregnancy, medication compatibility, and biomarkers predictive of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). Diseases like preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension are more likely to occur in women with ARD. Placental insufficiency can result in restricted fetal growth. Treatment with compatible drugs is essential for maternal and fetal wellbeing. While limited data is available on medication usage during pregnancy, TNF inhibitors are recommended. Non-medical issues like sexual dysfunction and long-term outcomes of children also require attention in this review. Collaborative research and pregnancy registries will contribute to future insights.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joerg M. Pollok, Pascale Tinguely, Marina Berenguer, Claus U. Niemann, Dimitri A. Raptis, Michael Spiro
Summary: Enhanced recovery for liver transplant recipients has been controversial. This review aims to summarize current knowledge, identify key components, and establish internationally accepted guidelines. Expert statements were prepared based on systematic literature reviews and a consensus conference, resulting in 80 final recommendations.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joerg M. Pollok, Pascale Tinguely, Marina Berenguer, Claus U. Niemann, Dimitri A. Raptis, Michael Spiro
Summary: There is significant controversy surrounding enhanced recovery for liver-transplant recipients, and this review aimed to summarize current knowledge, identify key components, and create internationally accepted guidelines. A collaborative effort by the ERAS4OLT.org partnership and specialists from around the world resulted in 80 final recommendations covering various aspects of enhanced recovery for liver transplantation. These guidelines provide a comprehensive overview and can guide the development of enhanced recovery programs globally.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Stefanie W. Benoit, Tsuyoshi Fukuda, Katherine Vanden Heuvel, David Witte, Christine Fuller, Jennifer Willis, Bradley P. Dixon, Keri A. Drake
Summary: This report demonstrates the case of a 4-year-old male who suffered from rhabdomyolysis preceding the development of aHUS. The patient required increased and more frequent doses of eculizumab for clinical stabilization. Pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that individualized dosing every 3 weeks could maintain adequate eculizumab levels. Cost analyses showed that this dosing regimen would result in significant cost savings compared to standard weight-based dosing.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laurel A. Copeland, Rebecca L. Kinney, Aimee R. Kroll-Desrosiers, Geetha Shivakumar, Kristin M. Mattocks
Summary: The study found that women service members in the VHA were prescribed numerous medications during pregnancy, with a concerning rate of discontinuation of antidepressants. Counseling should be provided to women veterans of childbearing potential about medication use after pregnancy is detected and after pregnancy concludes, and information should be shared between their non-VHA obstetricians and VHA providers to optimize outcomes.
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Aryeh Shander, Howard L. Corwin, Jens Meier, Michael Auerbach, Elvira Bisbe, Jeanna Blitz, Jochen Erhard, David Faraoni, Shannon L. Farmer, Steven M. Frank, Domenico Girelli, Tiffany Hall, Jean-Francois Hardy, Axel Hofmann, Cheuk-Kwong Lee, Tsin W. Leung, Sherri Ozawa, Jameela Sathar, Donat R. Spahn, Rosalio Torres, Matthew A. Warner, Manuel Munoz
Summary: Perioperative anemia has been linked to increased risk of red blood cell transfusion, morbidity, and mortality after surgery. However, the optimal approach for diagnosing and managing perioperative anemia is not fully established. Therefore, an international expert panel developed consensus recommendations through evidence review using modified RAND Delphi methodology.
Article
Rheumatology
Gil Amarilyo, Gabriel Chodick, Jonathan Zalcman, Gideon Koren, Yoel Levinsky, Ido Somekh, Liora Harel
SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Biophysics
Anatoli Y. Kabakov, Karni Moshal, YiChun Lu, Karim Roder, Turan Nilufer, Weiyan Li, Kevin Murphy, Dmitry Terentyev, Gideon Koren
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Diana L. Shuster, Laura M. Shireman, Xiaosu Ma, Danny D. Shen, Shannon K. Flood Nichols, Mahmoud S. Ahmed, Shannon Clark, Steve Caritis, Raman Venkataramanan, David M. Haas, Sara K. Quinney, Laura S. Haneline, Alan T. Tita, Tracy A. Manuck, Kenneth E. Thummel, Linda Morris Brown, Zhaoxia Ren, Zane Brown, Thomas R. Easterling, Mary F. Hebert
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Diana L. Shuster, Laura M. Shireman, Xiaosu Ma, Danny D. Shen, Shannon K. Flood Nichols, Mahmoud S. Ahmed, Shannon Clark, Steve Caritis, Raman Venkataramanan, David M. Haas, Sara K. Quinney, Laura S. Haneline, Alan T. Tita, Tracy A. Manuck, Kenneth E. Thummel, Linda Morris Brown, Zhaoxia Ren, Zane Brown, Thomas R. Easterling, Mary F. Hebert
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael Z. Liao, Shannon K. Flood Nichols, Mahmoud Ahmed, Shannon Clark, Gary D. Hankins, Steve Caritis, Raman Venkataramanan, David Haas, Sara K. Quinney, Laura S. Haneline, Alan T. Tita, Tracy Manuck, Joanne Wang, Kenneth E. Thummel, Linda Morris Brown, Zhaoxia Ren, Thomas R. Easterling, Mary F. Hebert
DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
(2020)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Joseph D. Tucker, Kristine Shields, Giovanni Villa
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Selina T. Somani, Maxwell Zeigler, Emily E. Fay, Maggie Leahy, Bethanee Bermudez, Rheem A. Totah, Mary F. Hebert
Summary: The study found that changes in arachidonic acid metabolites during pregnancy may be associated with the cytochrome P450 pathway, which plays an important role in healthy pregnancy.
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Kristine Shields, Rayner Kay Jin Tan, Stefano Rusconi, Chen Xiang-Sheng
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sara Shum, Aprajita Yadav, Emily Fay, Sue Moreni, Jennie Mao, Lindsay Czuba, Celine Wang, Nina Isoherranen, Mary F. Hebert
Summary: The risk of infant exposure to dextromethorphan (DM) and its active metabolite, dextrorphan (DX), through breast milk has not been evaluated. This study measured the concentrations of DM and DX in breast milk and plasma, finding a positive correlation between their concentrations. The estimated infant doses suggest that infants are only exposed to a minor fraction of the adult dose through breast milk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lindsay C. Czuba, Emily E. Fay, Jeffrey LaFrance, Chase K. Smith, Sara Shum, Sue L. Moreni, Jennie Mao, Nina Isoherranen, Mary F. Hebert
Summary: This study aims to investigate the changes in maternal vitamin A levels during pregnancy. The findings reveal that plasma retinol concentrations are lower, but all-trans-retinoic acid concentrations are higher during pregnancy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ogochukwu U. Amaeze, Lindsay C. Czuba, Aprajita S. Yadav, Emily E. Fay, Jeffrey LaFrance, Sara Shum, Sue L. Moreni, Jennie Mao, Weize Huang, Nina Isoherranen, Mary F. Hebert
Summary: This study assessed the changes in CYP2D6 and CYP3A activities during pregnancy and postpartum, and the effect of vitamin A administration on CYP2D6 activity. The results showed increased CYP2D6 and CYP3A activities during pregnancy, with no significant effect of vitamin A supplementation on CYP2D6 activity. Plasma concentrations of all-trans retinoic acid were positively correlated with increased CYP2D6 activity during pregnancy and postpartum. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of increased CYP2D6 activity during pregnancy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kylie N. Barnes, Lauren D. Leader, Nicole E. Cieri-Hutcherson, Julie Kelsey, Mary F. Hebert, Lamis R. Karaoui, Sarah McBane
Summary: Complications during the peripartum period may arise from preexisting conditions or conditions induced by pregnancy, affecting pharmacotherapy management. Management of medication during late pregnancy and delivery requires careful consideration of changing hormones, hemodynamic status, pharmacokinetics, and concerns for potential maternal and/or fetal morbidity.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Catherine S. Stika, Mary F. Hebert
Summary: Most interventions in obstetrics involve drug administration, but pregnant patients have different pharmacological and physiological characteristics compared to nonpregnant adults. Establishing appropriate drug dosing for pregnancy requires pharmacokinetic studies in pregnant individuals, which pose unique challenges due to the dynamic nature of pregnancy. This article discusses design considerations for such studies, including timing of drug sampling, control group selection, pros and cons of various study designs, dose selection strategies, and the importance of considering pharmacodynamic changes. Examples of completed pharmacokinetic studies in pregnancy are provided.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luke E. F. Enthoven, Yuanyuan Shi, Emily E. E. Fay, Sue Moreni, Jennie Mao, Emma M. M. Honeyman, Chase K. K. Smith, Dale Whittington, Susan E. E. Brockerhoff, Nina Isoherranen, Rheem A. A. Totah, Mary E. F. Hebert
Summary: Limited data exists on the effects of pregnancy on the maternal metabolome. This study used metabolomics analysis to identify pathways affected by pregnancy and confirmed changes in amino acid metabolism. The study found alterations in urea nitrogen disposition, amino acid metabolism, and potential implications for diseases of pregnancy and nitric oxide production.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuqian Zhao, Jay C. Vary, Aprajita S. Yadav, Lindsay C. Czuba, Sara Shum, Jeffrey LaFrance, Weize Huang, Nina Isoherranen, Mary F. Hebert
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether isotretinoin administration affects the activities of CYP2D6 and CYP3A. The results showed a modest increase in CYP3A activity (predominantly CYP3A4) with isotretinoin treatment, while CYP2D6 activity was not significantly reduced.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)