Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marlene Cervantes, Robert G. Lewis, Maria Agnese Della-Fazia, Emiliana Borrelli, Paolo Sassone-Corsi
Summary: The circadian clock and metabolism are closely linked, relying on interactions between organ systems for proper timing. Substance use disrupts communication between organs and alters rhythmic activities. This study finds that alterations in dopamine signaling in the brain can affect circadian metabolism in peripheral organs. Drugs like cocaine that increase dopamine levels disrupt circadian metabolic profiles in the liver, especially when dopamine D2 receptors are lost.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Annette E. Allen
Summary: This study investigates how the circadian clock regulates rod and cone vision under intermediate light conditions. The researchers found that the visual responses of rods and cones vary with time and light intensity. The circadian clock plays a crucial role in regulating rod/cone vision across the mesopic transition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Bruce M. Rhodes, Hamad Siddiqui, Safina Khan, Paul F. Devlin
Summary: The red-light regulated transcription factors FHY3 and FAR1 play a key role in positively regulating gene expression in the plant circadian clock. However, the fhy3 mutant shows a red light-specific disruption of rhythmicity that is inconsistent with this role. Our findings suggest that FHY3 may interact with HY5 to modulate CCA1 activity, leading to the red-specific circadian phenotype of fhy3.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nemanja Milicevic, Ouafa Ait-Hmyed Hakkari, Udita Bagchi, Cristina Sandu, Aldo Jongejan, Perry D. Moerland, Jacoline B. ten Brink, David Hicks, Arthur A. Bergen, Marie-Paule Felder-Schmittbuhl
Summary: The study showed that Per1 and Per2 are essential clock components for driving photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis, and this process may be transcriptionally driven by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). No differentially expressed genes were found in photoreceptors, while several genes were differentially expressed in the RPE, both in wild type and Per1, Per2 double mutant mice. STRING analysis identified a group of interacting genes potentially involved in driving photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis in the RPE.
Review
Plant Sciences
Ajila Venkat, Sowbiya Muneer
Summary: Plants use circadian rhythms to cope with environmental changes, synchronize physiological processes, and regulate developmental pathways. Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in plant growth and development.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui Xu, Nange Jin, Jen-Zen Chuang, Zhao Zhang, Xiaoyue Zhong, Zhijing Zhang, Ching-Hwa Sung, Christophe P. Ribelayga, Yingbin Fu
Summary: This study investigates the physiological roles of cone opsins in mice using a loss-of-function approach. It finds that mice with cone opsin deficiency are unable to form normal outer segments but can survive for an extended period of time. Although these mutant cones do not respond to light directly, they continue to mediate visual signaling by relaying the rod signals through rod-cone gap junctions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Filipe O. Viegas, Stephan C. F. Neuhauss
Summary: Neurons and glial cells have complex metabolic interactions to meet high metabolic demands; Photoreceptors use a variant of the lactate shuttle hypothesis to meet their high synthesis requirements; These studies reveal how cells interdependently meet their energy and biosynthesis needs in a metabolic landscape.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Liang, Fei Yao, Dong Fang, Lu Chen, Zhenhua Zou, Lujia Feng, Yijing Zhuang, Ting Xie, Pengxue Wei, Pengfeng Li, Shaochong Zhang
Summary: Vision loss and blindness caused by photoreceptor degeneration can be protected using anti-aging treatment such as Hyperoside. Hyperoside can alleviate photoreceptor cell senescence and ameliorate the functional and morphological degeneration of the retina. It prevents MNU-induced photoreceptor degeneration by inhibiting cell senescence via the AMPK-ULK1 pathway.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lei Wang, Lingqin Zhou, Shuai Liu, Yaxin Liu, Jia Zhao, Yaqiong Chen, Yi Liu
Summary: Artepillin C (APC), isolated from Brazilian green propolis, can improve metabolic syndrome in obese mice by disturbing the expression of clock-related genes. This study reveals the relationship between the therapeutic effect of APC on metabolic syndrome and time, and provides a mechanistic basis for optimizing APC treatment.
Review
Cell Biology
Zainab Taleb, Phillip Karpowicz
Summary: The circadian clock is a molecular timekeeper that regulates 24-hour rhythms in animals, impacting behavior and physiology, including metabolic and digestive systems. Animal models targeting circadian clock genes have shown their role in regulating liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and obesity. Thus, the circadian clock plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic and digestive health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sho T. Yamaguchi, Riho Kobayashi, Jun Tomita, Kazuhiko Kume
Summary: This study discovered that insulin signaling regulates the circadian rhythm in fruit flies. Lack of insulin receptor or downstream signaling molecules leads to shortened circadian period and diminished amplitude. It also found that insulin signaling plays a role in regulating circadian rhythm and affects metabolism and behavior.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Volha Mezhnina, Oghogho P. Ebeigbe, Nikkhil Velingkaar, Allan Poe, Yana Sandlers, Roman V. Kondratov
Summary: The study reveals that caloric restriction and time-restricted feeding can induce rhythmic production of ketone bodies in the blood, which is regulated by PPARα and FGF21 and involves the circadian clock.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gilbert Smith, Alejandro Manzano-Marin, Mariana Reyes-Prieto, Catia Sofia Ribeiro Antunes, Victoria Ashworth, Obed Nanjul Goselle, Abdulhalem Abdulsamad A. Jan, Andres Moya, Amparo Latorre, M. Alejandra Perotti, Henk R. Braig
Summary: We propose that Demodex folliculorum represents a transitional stage from a host-injuring obligate parasite to an obligate symbiont. Genome sequencing revealed extensive genome reduction and a decrease in the number of cells in the mite. This is the first evolutionary step in adopting a reductive, parasitic, or endosymbiotic lifestyle in an arthropod species.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Weiyong Shen, So-Ra Lee, Ashish Easow Mathai, Rui Zhang, Jianhai Du, Michelle X. Yam, Victoria Pye, Nigel L. Barnett, Cassie L. Rayner, Ling Zhu, James B. Hurley, Pankaj Seth, Yoshio Hirabayashi, Shigeki Furuya, Mark C. Gillies
Summary: The study showed that selectively knocking down key metabolic genes in Muller glia could lead to photoreceptor degeneration, but supplementation with exogenous L-serine could prevent this degeneration by regulating serine transport and maintaining retinal homeostasis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qingqing Hou, Shiming Zhang, Yuan Li, Huanjun Wang, Dan Zhang, Dongmei Qi, Yunlun Li, Haiqiang Jiang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association of lipid metabolites, circadian genes, and lipid metabolism associated genes in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Through lipidomics and gene expression analysis, it was found that SHR exhibited significant differences in lipid metabolites levels compared to WKY, as well as disturbances in circadian and lipid metabolism associated gene expressions. Moreover, a strong association between the levels of lipid metabolites and circadian genes and lipid metabolism associated genes was identified.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Andy J. Kim, David S. Lee, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: The study found that learned reward cues can lead to attention bias towards high-value stimuli in the auditory domain, interfering with goal-directed auditory processing.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yung-Li Wang, Yu-Hsuan Lee, Yung-Ho Hsu, I-Jen Chiu, Cathy Chia-Yu Huang, Chih-Chia Huang, Zi-Chun Chia, Chung-Pei Lee, Yuh-Feng Lin, Hui-Wen Chiu
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of PS-MPs on kidney cells in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that PS-MPs caused mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, inflammation, and autophagy in kidney cells, and accumulated in both cells and mouse kidneys.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Andy J. Kim, Laurent Gregoire, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: Previous research has primarily focused on attentional capture by reward-associated stimuli in the visual domain. Recent studies demonstrated that sounds previously associated with rewards can involuntarily capture attention, showing two distinct mechanisms for prioritizing reward-related auditory signals through voluntary and involuntary attention orientation, differently manifested in biased competition.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Brian A. Anderson, Haena Kim, Andy J. Kim, Ming-Ray Liao, Lana Mrkonja, Andrew Clement, Laurent Gregoire
Summary: The proposal of selection history as a distinct mechanism of attentional control marks a revolution in attention research, replacing a theoretical dichotomy with a trichotomy. This new mechanism is multifaceted, with different components shaped by various learning experiences such as reward and past experience. Relationships between these components are explored in depth, leading to an integrative account centered on underlying themes.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Ruixue Zhang, Liheng Shi, Siyu Zhou, Jinxu Zhang, Bin Liu, Guanhao Wu
Summary: This article introduces a dynamic spectroscopic ellipsometer based on a simplified phase-stable dual-comb system, which can measure the online dynamic optical properties of materials. It achieves high precision and combined uncertainty in thin-film sample measurements, and the dynamic performance of the system under high data acquisition rate is investigated.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Andy Kim, Brian Anderson
Summary: Despite our best intentions, sometimes physically salient but entirely task-irrelevant stimuli can capture our attention. This study examines the time course of eye movements to targets and distractors and finds that frequent exposure to distractors reduces the frequency of eye movements towards them. Additionally, when the distractor appears in a high-probability location, the reaction time to the distractor is slowed, suggesting a slower accumulation of attention at that location.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Andy Jeesu Kim, Hananeh Alambeigi, Tara Goddard, Anthony D. McDonald, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: The study investigated whether encounters with bicyclists in real-world driving environments led to physiological changes in participants and how this influenced their driving behavior. Findings revealed that facing a bicyclist elicited negative arousal, but physiological and eye-tracking measures were not directly related to safer driving behavior.
COGNITIVE RESEARCH-PRINCIPLES AND IMPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Andy J. Kim, David S. Lee, James D. Grindell, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: Attention is biased towards task goals and stimuli with higher attentional priority. The relationship between selection history and the strategic control of attention is not well-explored. In this study, we found that the choice of visual search strategy may vary based on participants' past strategies and is dependent on selection history.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jinxu Zhang, Shilin Xiong, Ruixue Zhang, Siyu Zhou, Xingyu Jia, Liheng Shi, Bin Liu, Qinggai Mi, Guanhao Wu
Summary: This paper proposes a fast synchronous method based on line-field dispersive interferometry for real-time measurement of the thickness and group refractive index distribution of solid plates. By measuring the line-field distribution in an illuminated region through a single step, the method successfully measures the line-field distribution of a three-step silicon wafer within a very short time.
Article
Optics
Siyu Zhou, Ruilin Jiang, Ruixue Zhang, Liheng Shi, Di Zhang, Guanhao Wu
Summary: The dual-comb technique is a powerful tool in industrial inspection and scientific research, capable of achieving high-resolution and broadband spectral measurements. We propose an absolute angular-position measurement method based on dual-comb spectroscopy, which achieves a precision of 0.12 arcsec in a dynamic range of approximately 6660 arcsec. Compared with a commercial auto-collimator, the comparison residuals are kept within +/- 0.3 arcsec for angles over 1000 arcsec.
Article
Optics
Liheng Shi, Yue Wang, Ruixue Zhang, Jinxu Zhang, Yuetang Yang, Yang Li, Jiayang Chen, Siyu Zhou, Guanhao Wu
Summary: Coherence scanning interferometer (CSI) enables 3D imaging with nanoscale precision. However, the efficiency of such a system is limited because of the restriction imposed by the acquisition system. Here, we propose a phase compensation method that reduces the interferometric fringe period of femtosecond-laser-based CSI, resulting in larger sampling intervals. Experimental results show that our method can maintain a root-mean-square axial error of below 2 nm at a high scanning speed of 6.44 μm per frame, enabling fast nanoscale profilometry over a wide area.
Article
Optics
Jinxu Zhang, Liheng Shi, Ruixue Zhang, Jiayang Chen, Guanhao Wu
Summary: This paper proposes an orthogonal polarization common-path film thickness measurement system based on spectral interference ellipsometry. It solves the issue of back-surface reflection and achieves high measurement accuracy.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Andy J. Kim, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: The study found that experimentally induced anxiety reduces the attentional priority of reward-related stimuli while enhancing goal-directed attentional control efficiency. In contrast to visual paradigms, a novel auditory task demonstrated a strong influence of target-value associations on selective attention. However, threat did not modulate the influence of reward on attention, highlighting important limitations in how threat modulates attention control.
EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yen-Yue Lin, Chuan-Chia Chang, Cathy Chia-Yu Huang, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, Yu-Chen Kao, Hsin-An Chang
Summary: Bifrontal tDCS shows rapid and lasting improvement in depression symptoms for both unipolar and bipolar depression patients. Patients also experience enhancements in cognitive performance, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning post-treatment.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Andy Jeesu Kim, David S. Lee, Brian A. Anderson
Summary: Anxiety has been shown to enhance attentional capture by physically salient stimuli, while threat manipulation reduces attentional capture by reward-associated stimuli. Experimental induction of anxiety via threat-of-shock demonstrated that threat can facilitate the efficiency of goal-directed attentional control.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Nan Ou, Yi-Ming Huang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Yan Fu, Ya-Hui Ma, Qiong-Yao Li, Li-Yun Ma, Rui-Ping Cui, Yin-Chu Mi, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: Liver function may play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that as AD progressed, certain liver function markers increased while others decreased. The relationship between liver function and CSF AD biomarkers indicates a potential mediation effect on cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2024)