Article
Geography, Physical
A. M. Jukar, S. K. Lyons, P. J. Wagner, M. D. Uhen
Summary: Research shows that a low magnitude extinction event of large mammals occurred in the Indian Subcontinent approximately 30,000 years after the arrival of Homo sapiens. The co-evolution hypothesis between humans and animals, as well as robust population networks and climatic refugia, are suggested to have played a significant role in the survival of megafauna in this region.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Omme K. Nayna, Vedula V. S. S. Sarma, Most Shirina Begum, Jens Hartmann, Sanjeev Kumar, Shafi M. Tareq, Ji-Hyung Park
Summary: Anthropogenic perturbations increase uncertainties in estimating CO2 emissions from large rivers in the Indian subcontinent. This study provides an improved estimate of the total CO2 emissions by measuring the partial pressure of CO2 in major rivers and finds that water pollution strongly influences CO2 emissions, especially in highly polluted urban tributaries. The revised estimates highlight the importance of Indian subcontinental rivers in constraining global inland water CO2 emissions under increasing anthropogenic pressures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kapil Dev Sindhu, G. S. Bhat
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of storms in different seasons at Lucknow, Patna, Bhopal, and Nagpur in India using radar reflectivity factor. The results showed that storms exhibit seasonal differences at different locations, with Lucknow having similar characteristics in 87% confidence interval. Additionally, vertical radar reflectivity profiles of storms varied at different life phases, with differences in the vertical gradient observed between pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aurup Ratan Dhar, Azusa Oita, Kazuyo Matsubae
Summary: Loss of reactive nitrogen in the agro-food system causes environmental degradation and health risks. This study evaluates the food nitrogen footprint of the Indian Subcontinent (ISC) and proposes reduction scenarios. Results show that improving crop cultivation's nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and altering diets can reduce the nitrogen footprint.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dina Nethisa Rasquinha, Deepak R. Mishra
Summary: Recent literature suggests that tropical cyclones enhance mangrove productivity. Studying seven mangrove forests along the Indian coastline, increasing trends in gross primary productivity (GPP) were observed over the past two decades with seasonal fluctuations linked to storm activities. Higher phosphorus levels during post-monsoon-winter period were found in Bhitarkanika, supporting the role of storm-induced nutrient fluxes in mangrove productivity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Trisha Chakraborty, Debashish Das, Rafiq Hamdi, Ansar Khan, Dev Niyogi
Summary: The diverse geography and rapid urbanization in the Indian subcontinent result in significant spatiotemporal variations in urban heating and air emissions. Analyzing aerosol optical depth (AOD) level variability, this study examines heating events in 43 urban agglomerations, 13 industrial districts, and 14 biosphere reserves in the region. The findings reveal the highest pre-monsoon surface heating in western, central, and southern urban areas, and a notable concentration of AOD in the eastern part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The study also highlights the negative correlation between land surface temperature (LST) and AOD in urban areas during the pre-monsoon season, indicating the impact of aerosol loading on surface radiation and temperature reduction.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sooraj Krishnan, Akhilesh S. Nair, J. Indu
Summary: The study focuses on simulating brightness temperature (Tb) to evaluate soil moisture estimates, with results indicating that the MPDI approach shows great potential in simulating observed Tb.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lakhima Chutia, Narendra Ojha, Imran Girach, Binita Pathak, Lokesh K. Sahu, Chandan Sarangi, Johannes Flemming, Arlindo da Silva, Pradip Kumar Bhuyan
Summary: In this study, the SO2 trends over the rapidly developing Indian subcontinent during 2003-2019 period were investigated using model reanalysis, satellite data, and emission inventories. The results showed rapid SO2 growth up to 0.4 ppbv yr(-1) from 2003 to 2009, particularly significant over the Indo-Gangetic Plain and eastern India. However, the growth became slower after 2010 and was followed by a stabilization or slight reduction. The findings highlighted the need for studies to assess the impacts of changing SO2 trends in India on the regional and global climate.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Rachita Gulati, Nirmal Singh, Sunil Kumar, Geeta Duppati
Summary: This study examines the evolution and determinants of bank stability in four major countries of the Indian subcontinent - India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Pakistan - from 2004 to 2018. The study finds that banking systems in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh experienced a significant disruption in stability levels during 2013-14, and the recovery was not immediate. Larger banks in India appear to be more stable, while too big to fail hypothesis is valid in Bangladesh and Pakistan. The study also confirms the diversification-stability hypothesis in Nepal and shows that inflation has a negative impact on bank stability in the region.
PACIFIC-BASIN FINANCE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kumar Batuk Joshi, Upasana S. Banerji, Chandra Prakash Dubey, Elson P. Oliveira
Summary: This study investigates the crustal evolution of the Indian subcontinent using detrital zircon data and Hf isotopes. The results show that detrital zircon age data correlate with the formation of known supercontinents, with two additional peaks that do not correspond to supercontinent formation. The Hf model ages suggest that the Precambrian crust was the major source of continental crust with younger ages. Wavelet analysis reveals prominent cyclicity of approximately 800 Myr and approximately 350 Myr, potentially representing the supercontinent cycle and its half cycle.
Article
Geography, Physical
Varsha Rawat, Suman Rawat, Priyeshu Srivastava, P. S. Negi, Muthusamy Prakasam, Bahadur Singh Kotlia
Summary: Agriculture plays a major role in the economic development of India, which relies heavily on monsoon rainfall. Climate variability has a significant impact on cultural changes in the Indian subcontinent. Ancient Indian civilizations like the Indus Valley and Vedic periods thrived during periods of increased monsoon precipitation, while later civilizations were able to adapt to climate change.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Babitha George, Govindan Kutty
Summary: Ensemble sensitivity analysis is a method that estimates the relationship between forecast metrics and initial conditions using sample statistics of ensemble forecasts. This study extends the univariate ensemble sensitivity to multivariate ensemble sensitivity, which incorporates the full covariance matrix in the sensitivity calculations. The multivariate ensemble sensitivity method outperforms the univariate method in predicting forecast responses, especially at longer lead times. The performance of the multivariate method depends on the optimal choice of localization radius.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rakesh Ghosh, S. D. Pawar, Anupam Hazra, Jonathan Wilkinson, Dipjyoti Mudiar, Manoj A. Domkawale, K. Gayatri Vani, V. Gopalakrishnan
Summary: The seasonal and spatial distribution of the ratio of intra-cloud (IC) lightning to cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning in thunderstorms over the Indian subcontinent was determined using four years of lightning observation data. The ratio is higher in the northwestern parts and lower in the northeastern parts. The ratio is proportional to the total flash rate and most prominently linked with the cold cloud depth.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ivan Literak, Jan Skrabal, Igor Karyakin, Natalya G. Andreyenkova, Sergey V. Vazhov
Summary: The Black Kite is a widely distributed raptor, and its subspecies from Eastern Russia shows different migratory behaviors compared to the population/subspecies in Europe, as they fly and rest for hours at altitudes over 5000 m when crossing the Himalayas.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nitin Motilal Atre, Kalichamy Alagarasu, Pratip Shil
Summary: This study developed a database of antigenic proteins from arboviruses, named ArVirInd, which includes sequences from arboviruses isolated from countries in the Indian subcontinent. The database provides information on the country and year of outbreak or origin of the viral strain for each sequence. Researchers can use this database for immune informatics, diagnostics, and vaccinology research on arboviruses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Bruno Henrique dos Santos Ferreira, Angelica Guerra, Maxwell da Rosa Oliveira, Leticia Koutchin Reis, Andre Aptroot, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Leticia Couto Garcia
Summary: The research focused on the impact of fire on the fruiting period of Calliandra parviflora, finding that burnt fruits had greater mass but lower seed germination rates compared to unburnt fruits. However, the fire did not affect the vegetative regeneration ability of the species.
PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mycology
Andre Aptroot, Maria Fernanda Souza, Adriano Afonso Spielmann
Summary: Five new species of lichens from the Serra de Maracaju in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, were described in this study, with a further 123 species reported as new to the area, including ten first records for Brazil and 41 first records for the state.
CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOLOGIE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Isaias Oliveira Junior, Andre Aptroot, Marcela Eugenia da Silva Caceres
Summary: This study describes seven new species of pyrenocarpous lichens from Monte Pascoal in Bahia, Brazil, as well as 353 other species. 12 species are reported for the first time in Brazil, and 192 species are first records for Bahia. The findings suggest that there may be many more species in the area yet to be discovered.
Article
Mycology
Andre Aptroot, Lidiane Alves dos Santos, Marcela Eugenia da Silva Caceres
Summary: Saxicolous lichens in the southern reaches of the Caatinga biome in Sergipe, NE Brazil were investigated for the first time, identifying 20 species with three new species described. The study also observed several substrate shifts and ecological adaptations, showcasing the diversity and unique characteristics of these lichens in the region.
CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOLOGIE
(2021)
Article
Mycology
Andre Aptroot, Maria Fernanda Souza
Summary: This passage describes three new species of lichens discovered in the Chapada dos Guimaraes in Mato Grosso, Brazil, as well as 191 additional species reported as new to the state.
CRYPTOGAMIE MYCOLOGIE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maria Fernanda de Souza, Andre Aptroot, Adriano Afonso Spielmann
Summary: The species of Heterodermia in Brazil have been revised, reporting additional species and new species. A key to all accepted species is provided. The split genera proposed recently are not accepted and an additional group is informally recognized.
Review
Mycology
Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Alan J. L. Phillips, Diana Santos Pereira, Dong-Qin Dai, Andre Aptroot, Josiane S. Monteiro, Irina S. Druzhinina, Feng Cai, Xinlei Fan, Laura Selbmann, Claudia Coleine, Rafael F. Castaneda-Ruiz, Martin Kukwa, Adam Flakus, Patricia Oliveira Fiuza, Paul M. Kirk, Kunhiraman C. Rajesh Kumar, Ilesha S. Ieperuma Arachchi, Nakarin Suwannarach, Li-Zhou Tang, Teun Boekhout, Chen Shuhui Tan, R. P. Prabath K. Jayasinghe, Marco Thines
Summary: Asexually reproducing fungi play significant roles in ecosystems and have implications for plant and animal health, food production, biotechnology, and medicine. However, the diversity and extent of asexually reproducing taxa are not well-known. Recent reports suggest that there may be more asexual fungi than sexually-reproducing ones. Evaluating the diversity of different types of fungi, such as speciose and pleomorphic taxa, as well as those from less studied life modes and biodiversity-rich areas, is necessary to obtain more reliable estimates.
Article
Plant Sciences
Shirley Cunha Feuerstein, Andre Aptroot, Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira, Robert Luecking, Marcela Eugenia da Silva Caceres
Summary: This study revises the Acanthothecis genus in Brazil and provides an updated world key to the known species. Ten new species and three validated species are described, and a new combination species is proposed.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zacarias Lepista, Andre Aptroot
Summary: Five new species of Graphis genus have been reported in Europe, identified from the Mata Nacional do Bucaco in Portugal. This region is known for its rich and diverse distribution of graphidoid Graphidaceae. The identified species include Graphis dendrogramma, G. duplicata, G. gonimica, G. librata, and G. pyrrhocheiloides. An updated key of Graphis species in Europe is also provided, and all newly reported species are named after tropical species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda Barreto Xavier-Leite, Marcela Eugenia da Silva Caceres, Andre Aptroot, Bibiana Moncada, Robert Lucking, Bruno Tomio Goto
Summary: This study presents a broad molecular-phylogenetic revision of the lichenized family Gomphillaceae, based on newly generated sequences. The study identified new genus-level clades and found that the characteristic asexual anamorph called hypho-phores is diagnostic for many of the recognized clades.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ramani H. Weerasinghe, Chaitrali D. Shevkar, Kasun Maduranga, Komal H. Pandey, Renuka N. Attanayake, Abhijeet S. Kate, Gothamie Weerakoon, Santosh K. Behera, Kiran S. Kalia, Priyani A. Paranagama
Summary: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract from the endolichenic fungus Phanerochaete sordida led to the isolation of a bioactive compound. The compound exhibited high antioxidant activity, moderate anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity, and moderate tyrosinase inhibition and cytotoxicity. In vitro and in silico experiments confirmed the bioactivities and drug-like properties of the compound.
JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Andre Aptroot
Summary: Lichens were studied in a small area along the Roosevelt River in Amazonas, Brazil. This study identified 25 species that were previously unreported in Brazil, and an additional 190 species that were previously unknown in the Amazonas state. The study also described 24 new species, including Allographa lineatipruinosa, Allographa variopruinata, Arthonia xanthopycnidiata, and others.
MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mycology
N. N. Wijayawardene, K. D. Hyde, D. Q. Dai, M. Sanchez-Garcia, B. T. Goto, R. K. Saxena, M. Erdogdu, F. Selcuk, K. C. Rajeshkumar, A. Aptroot, J. Blaszkowski, N. Boonyuen, G. A. da Silva, F. A. de Souza, W. Dong, D. Ertz, D. Haelewaters, E. B. G. Jones, S. C. Karunarathna, P. M. Kirk, M. Kukwa, J. Kumla, D. Leontyev, H. T. Lumbsch, S. S. N. Maharachchikumbura, F. Marguno, P. Martinez-Rodriguez, A. Mesic, J. S. Monteiro, F. Oehl, J. Pawlowska, D. Pem, W. P. Pfliegler, A. J. L. Phillips, A. Posta, M. Q. He, J. X. Li, M. Raza, O. P. Sruthi, S. Suetrong, N. Suwannarach, L. Tedersoo, V Thiyagaraja, S. Tibpromma, Z. Tkalcec, Y. S. Tokarev, D. N. Wanasinghe, D. S. A. Wijesundara, S. D. M. K. Wimalaseana, H. Madrid, G. Q. Zhang, Y. Gao, I Sanchez-Castro, L. Z. Tang, M. Stadler, A. Yurkov, M. Thines
Summary: This paper presents an updated classification of the Kingdom Fungi, including fungus-like taxa and fossil fungi. It provides detailed notes for newly introduced taxa and changes made since the previous outline. The paper discusses the latest taxonomic changes in Basidiomycota and broadly explores the classification of Mycosphaerellales. It also discusses problematic genera in Glomeromycota based on phylogenetic analysis.
Article
Mycology
N. N. Wijayawardene, A. J. L. Phillips, S. Tibpromma, D. Q. Dai, L. Selbmann, J. S. Monteiro, A. Aptroot, A. Flakus, K. C. Rajeshkumar, C. Coleine, D. C. Pereira, X. Fan, L. Zhang, S. S. N. Maharachchikumbura, M. F. Souza, M. Kukwa, N. Suwannarach, P. Rodriguez-Flakus, N. Ashtekar, L. Dauner, L. Z. Tang, X. C. Jin, S. C. Karunarathna
Summary: Fungi are essential members of the biosphere, crucial for sustaining ecosystems by maintaining nutrient balance. Despite their abundance in various habitats, many areas remain understudied, highlighting the need for more research to uncover the extent of fungal diversity in these overlooked habitats and biodiversity hotspots.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Achim Edtbauer, Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Ana Paula Pires Florentino, Cybelli G. G. Barbosa, Emilio Rodriguez-Caballero, Nora Zannoni, Rodrigo P. Alves, Stefan Wolff, Anywhere Tsokankunku, Andre Aptroot, Marta de Oliveira Sa, Alessandro C. de Araujo, Matthias Sorgel, Sylvia Mota de Oliveira, Bettina Weber, Jonathan Williams
Summary: The study suggests that cryptogamic organisms such as bryophytes and lichens in tropical forests emit large quantities of sesquiterpenoids and uptake atmospheric oxidation products, playing a significant role in atmospheric chemistry in tropical rainforests.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
