Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alexander J. Martin, David M. Shackleford, Susan A. Charman, Kylie M. Wagstaff, Christopher J. H. Porter, David A. Jans
Summary: This study evaluated the in vivo exposure of 4-HPR and developed lipid-based formulations to enhance its exposure. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that clinical formulation achieved effective plasma concentrations, while novel formulations achieved more than 3-fold improvement. However, solubility and first-pass intestinal elimination limited the exposure, which could be improved through CYP inhibition. Simulated exposure profiles suggested that b.i.d dosage regime with clinical formulation and new formulations/CYP inhibition were viable options to increase exposure.
Article
Virology
Yasuhiro Hayashi, Kiyoto Tsuchiya, Mizuki Yamamoto, Yoko Nemoto-Sasaki, Kazunari Tanigawa, Kotaro Hama, Yusuke Ueda, Takashi Tanikawa, Jin Gohda, Kenji Maeda, Jun-ichiro Inoue, Atsushi Yamashita
Summary: The study reveals that the sphingolipid metabolism inhibitor 4-HPR suppresses SARS-CoV-2 infection by increasing the ratio of saturated sphinganine-based lipids, particularly inhibiting membrane fusion and viral infection through a DES1-independent mechanism.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Mohammad Reza Talebi, Davood Nematollahi, Ahmad Reza Massah
Summary: The electrochemical oxidation of N-(4-aminophenyl) and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide derivatives was investigated at different pH values and concentrations. The oxidation potential and mechanism of these compounds were found to be pH dependent. The oxidation products were found to undergo hydroxylation and/or dimerization reactions. The adsorption behavior and oxidation products under conditions similar to the human body were also studied.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Asma Rafiq, Sabreena Aashaq, Iqra Jan, Mushtaq A. Beigh
Summary: Sine Oculis Homeobox 1 (SIX1) is a vital member of the homeobox transcription factor family, playing crucial roles in organismal development and differentiation. Its aberrant expression has been linked to hearing impairment, renal anomalies, and tumorigenesis, highlighting its importance in various pathological conditions. As a transcription factor, SIX1 primarily regulates cellular functions by controlling the expression of different proteins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hardeep Singh Tuli, Prangya Rath, Abhishek Chauhan, Seema Ramniwas, Kanupriya Vashishth, Mehmet Varol, Vivek Sheel Jaswal, Shafiul Haque, Katrin Sak
Summary: This review article discusses the diverse therapeutic properties of phloretin, including its anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities. The focus is on its anticancer potential, specifically its antiproliferative, proapoptotic, antimetastatic, and antiangiogenic activities in preclinical cancer models. The article also analyzes the effects of phloretin on cellular signaling pathways and proteins, enzymes, and its co-effects with conventional anticancer drugs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexsandra Conceicao Apolinario, Leon Hauschke, Jessica Ribeiro Nunes, Felipe Rebello Lourenco, Luciana Biagini Lopes
Summary: This study utilized a QbD approach to optimize ethosomes for the topical administration of the chemopreventive drug candidate Fenretinide (FENR) for breast cancer. The results showed that different preparation methods of ethosomes had differences in drug delivery and biocompatibility, with the binary systems demonstrating better drug delivery efficiency.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nana Meng, Shuyan Zhou, Min Hu, Youzhi Xu, Yong Xia, Xiuxiu Zeng, Luoting Yu
Summary: The novel series of synthesized compounds showed potent inhibition of proliferation in various cancer cell lines at low concentrations, with the most effective analog 5q demonstrating broad-spectrum antiproliferative activity. In vivo experiments highlighted 5q's ability to prolong the lifespan of colon carcinoma-burdened mice and slow cancer progression through angiogenesis inhibition, apoptosis induction, and necrosis suppression.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ioana Baldea, Sorina Danescu, Flaviu Tabaran, Adriana Gabriela Filip, Rodica Mariana Ion, Diana Elena Olteanu, Alexandra Cristina Sevastre-Berghian, Roxana Maria Decea, Cristian Iacovita, Daniela Hanganu, Mihai Cenariu
Summary: The study investigated the anti-melanoma effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-porphyrin (THPP) as a photosensitizer. Results showed that PDT efficiently induced cell death through apoptosis, necrosis, and the inhibition of pro-survival pathways mediated by NFkB, AP1, HIF1 alpha, and MITF in the melanoma coculture models.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuki Sugiyama, Seikou Nakamura, Yuichi Tokuda, Masakazu Nakano, Yasunao Hattori, Hiroki Nishiguchi, Yuki Toda, Shigekuni Hosogi, Masayuki Yamashita, Kei Tashiro, Eishi Ashihara
Summary: Advances in pharmacy and medicine have led to the development of many anti-cancer and molecular targeted agents, but the development of agents capable of suppressing metastasis is still limited. A compound called 7,8-dihydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) coumarin (DHC) was found to inhibit invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells by downregulating Rho small GTP-binding proteins. DHC treatment also showed potential in suppressing metastasis and prolonging overall survival in a spontaneous metastasis mouse model.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Giovanna Cassone Salata, Isabella D. Malago, Vanessa F. M. Carvalho Dartora, Ana Flavia Marcal Pessoa, Marcia Carvalho de Abreu Fantini, Soraia K. P. Costa, Joao Agostinho Machado-Neto, Luciana B. Lopes
Summary: The study developed a nonaqueous microemulsion capable of forming a depot in mammary tissue for prolonged release of fenretinide to prevent breast cancer development. The microemulsion released 30% of fenretinide in vitro and reduced cell migration and spheroid growth in cell cultures. In a preclinical model, microemulsion administration significantly reduced breast tumor incidence and increased type II collagen expression, showing potential as a preventive therapy for breast cancer.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvana Alfei, Guendalina Zuccari
Summary: This study reports a scalable, operator-friendly, and one-step procedure for the synthesis of highly pure 4-EPR without purification work-up and in quantitative yield. Additionally, a complete characterization of 4-EPR using all possible analytical techniques has been provided.
Review
Oncology
Bin Wang, Hanfei Guo, Hongquan Yu, Yong Chen, Haiyang Xu, Gang Zhao
Summary: EGR1, a transcription factor, plays a role in tissue injury, immune responses, and fibrosis. Recent studies suggest EGR1's involvement in cancer initiation and progression, potentially affecting tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The specific mechanisms by which EGR1 modulates these processes are still under investigation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jing Chen, Zhenghuan Rao, Qinqin Li, Tao Jiang, Yuan Chen, Xia Gu, Mengyue Miao, Daifeng Hu, Hui Zhou, Alexander Tobias Teichmann, Youzhe Yang
Summary: The study demonstrates the beneficial effects of FK-morph on a surgically induced endometriosis rat model. FK-morph effectively reduces the volumes and adhesion scores of implants, downregulates inflammatory cytokines and chemokines levels, mediates cell apoptosis of endometriosis foci, and attenuates angiogenesis by decreasing the expression of VEGF. The underlying mechanism involves blocking the activation of the PI3K/Akt and NF-xB signaling pathways.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shi'an Yu, Liang Sun, Long Peng, Zhengyi Wu, Xuzhe Yu, Bowen Li, Hanqing Yang, Xiangbao Yin
Summary: BARX2 plays a key role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Overexpression of BARX2 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, while promoting cell apoptosis in HCC. BARX2 positively regulates GALNT4 expression by binding to its promoter. Moreover, GALNT4 deficiency partially abolishes the inhibitory effects of BARX2 on HCC progression.
MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shefali Jaiswal, Pradip Kumar Dutta, Santosh Kumar, Joonseok Koh, Myung Chul Lee, Jae Woon Lim, Shambhavi Pandey, Pankaj Garg
Summary: This study successfully developed a green method to fabricate a novel CS modified compound CSNHMA and evaluated its biomedical potential. The CSNHMA demonstrated good transfection efficiency and drug release performance, indicating its potential as a transfection agent and drug carrier.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nicoletta Colombo, Federica Tomao, Pierluigi Benedetti Panici, Maria Ornella Nicoletto, Germana Tognon, Alessandra Bologna, Andrea Alberto Lissoni, Andrea DeCensi, Mariateresa Lapresa, Rosanna Mancari, Innocenza Palaia, Giulia Tasca, Francesca Tettamanzi, Maria Francesca Alvisi, Eliana Rulli, Davide Poli, Luciano Carlucci, Valter Torri, Roldano Fossati, Elena Biagioli
Summary: The combination of cediranib and olaparib did not improve the progression-free survival (PFS) compared to chemotherapy in heavily pretreated platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients. However, this oral doublet is still an effective option for this difficult-to-treat population.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Maria Gemelli, Douglas M. Noonan, Valentina Carlini, Giuseppe Pelosi, Massimo Barberis, Riccardo Ricotta, Adriana Albini
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, but not all patients benefit from them. Other cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as NK cells, also play a role and may affect the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Further research is needed to understand the role of pro-inflammatory NK cells in NSCLC and their impact on treatment response to ICIs.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Adriana Albini
CANCER PREVENTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonino Bruno, Douglas M. Noonan, Roberto Valli, Giovanni Porta, Roberto Taramelli, Lorenzo Mortara, Francesco Acquati
Summary: Ovarian cancer is a malignant gynecological cancer with a 5-year survival rate of 25-30% in the last decade. Cancer immunotherapy is considered a promising strategy for ovarian cancer treatment. The human RNASET2 gene plays a crucial role in suppressing tumor diversity by establishing functional communication between ovarian cancer cells and innate immune system effectors. The protein product of RNASET2 promotes the recruitment of anti-tumoral macrophages to the cancer tissue. This finding suggests the potential of developing a multitasking therapeutic approach for ovarian cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Clementina Sansone, Luigi Pistelli, Angelo Del Mondo, Luana Calabrone, Angelo Fontana, Douglas M. Noonan, Adriana Albini, Christophe Brunet
Summary: This study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effects of Diatoxanthin (Dt) on human lung cells, specifically the A549-hACE2 cell line. Dt enhances cell metabolism and ACE2 enzymatic activity, while decreasing the production of interleukin-6 and increasing the release of interleukin-10 in response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. Dt also upregulates genes and proteins related to the interferon pathway and innate immunity response. These findings suggest that Dt may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment and/or prevention of severe inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article
Immunology
Saeid Najafi-Fard, Elisa Petruccioli, Chiara Farroni, Linda Petrone, Valentina Vanini, Gilda Cuzzi, Andrea Salmi, Anna Maria Gerarda Altera, Assunta Navarra, Tonino Alonzi, Emanuele Nicastri, Fabrizio Palmieri, Gina Gualano, Valentina Carlini, Douglas McClain Noonan, Adriana Albini, Delia Goletti
Summary: In COVID-19 patients, levels of IL-10 and other immune factors were significantly elevated, with some reaching peak levels in the second week of infection. Exogenous IL-10 addition significantly downregulated IFN-gamma response and other immune factors in both COVID-19 patients and unvaccinated controls in a study population.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Andrea Sonaglioni, Michele Lombardo, Adriana Albini, Douglas M. Noonan, Margherita Re, Roberto Cassandro, Davide Elia, Antonella Caminati, Gian Luigi Nicolosi, Sergio Harari
Summary: This study investigated the clinical predictors of in-hospital mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection. It found that high comorbidity burden, high levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and undertreatment with ACEI/ARBs were the main prognostic indicators of in-hospital mortality.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppina Bonizzi, Lorenzo Zattoni, Maria Capra, Cristina Cassi, Giulio Taliento, Mariia Ivanova, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Marzia Fumagalli, Massimo Monturano, Adriana Albini, Giuseppe Viale, Roberto Orecchia, Nicola Fusco
Summary: Biobanks are crucial for precision medicine research, with specific protocols and guidelines necessary to maintain optimal quality. Standard operating procedures should cover protocols, troubleshooting, and quality controls.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tania Buttiron Webber, Irene Maria Briata, Andrea DeCensi, Isabella Cevasco, Laura Paleari
Summary: Taste and smell disorders are common side effects in cancer patients, and identifying the treatments that cause them is important for improving patients' quality of life. This review examined the oncological treatments associated with taste and smell changes and their timing of onset. Fourteen studies were included, showing a high heterogeneity. Drugs such as Docetaxel, paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel, capecitabine, cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, anthracyclines, and oral 5-FU analogues were found to be the most frequently associated with taste and smell disorders. The review highlights the need for further research, particularly focused on prevention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Delfina Costa, Roberta Vene, Simona Coco, Luca Longo, Francesca Tosetti, Stefano Scabini, Luca Mastracci, Federica Grillo, Alessandro Poggi, Roberto Benelli
Summary: The p38 inhibitor SB202190 is an essential component of normal colorectal mucosa cultures. It has been found that this molecule can stabilize EGFR signaling and promote organoid proliferation by increasing phosphorylation of Erk1-2. However, the growth of some colorectal cancer-derived organoid cultures is inhibited by SB202190 through an unknown mechanism.
Article
Cell Biology
Luana Calabrone, Valentina Carlini, Douglas M. M. Noonan, Marco Festa, Cinzia Ferrario, Danilo Morelli, Debora Macis, Angelo Fontana, Luigi Pistelli, Christophe Brunet, Clementina Sansone, Adriana Albini
Summary: The exploration of natural preventive molecules from marine microorganisms for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical use has increased. In this study, an extract from the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi and its carotenoid pigment fucoxanthin showed potential chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic activities against prostate cancer and endothelial cells. The extract and fucoxanthin inhibited cell growth and hindered vascular network formation. Molecular analysis revealed modulations in angiogenesis and inflammation molecules. These findings highlight the potential of microalgae-derived drugs as a source of novel nutraceuticals for cancer prevention.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carla Micaela Cuttica, Irene Maria Briata, Andrea DeCensi
Summary: It is established that obesity is associated with higher cancer incidence. Effective obesity treatment provides new perspectives in managing a modifiable cancer risk factor. This review summarizes the correlations between weight loss in obesity and cancer, exploring the potential of obesity treatment in clinical cancer management. The evidence for the effects of obesity therapy on proliferation, apoptosis, and chemotherapy response is reviewed. Further studies and collaboration among oncologists and obesity treatment experts are needed to fully evaluate the relationship between anti-obesity treatment and cancer.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Debora Macis, Irene Maria Briata, Oriana D'Ecclesiis, Harriet Johansson, Valentina Aristarco, Tania Buttiron Webber, Massimo Oppezzi, Sara Gandini, Bernardo Bonanni, Andrea Decensi
Summary: This study found that the combination treatment of curcumin and anthocyanins did not directly affect circulating biomarkers of inflammation and metabolism, but revealed a complex modulation of inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers of colon carcinogenesis.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nadia Benedetto, Luana Calabrone, Karolina Gutmanska, Nicoletta Macri, Maria Grazia Cerrito, Riccardo Ricotta, Giuseppe Pelosi, Antonino Bruno, Douglas M. Noonan, Adriana Albini
Summary: This study investigated the cooperation between polyphenol-rich extract from olive mill wastewater (OMWW) and chemotherapy in breast cancer cells, revealing its cardiovascular protective effects and enhancing the efficacy of breast cancer chemotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Rui Wang, Aashiq Hussain, Quanquan Guo, Meimei Ma
Summary: DNA is highly immunogenic and can activate the cGAS-STING pathway, which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of neoplastic diseases. The modulation of cGAS-STING signaling holds great promise for cancer therapy, although there are disagreements on whether to activate or inhibit this pathway.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Oncology
Ali Zarezadeh Mehrabadi, Faezeh Shahba, Hossein Khorramdelazad, Nazanin Aghamohammadi, Milad Karimi, Kowsar Bagherzadeh, Majid Khoshmirsafa, Ramin Massoumi, Reza Falak
Summary: IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP) plays a crucial role in inflammatory conditions and tumorigenesis in the tumor microenvironment. It is involved in the progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis of solid tumors and hematological malignancies.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Oncology
Xiao Tang, Yujie Niu, Jinli Jian, Yuancheng Guo, Yin Wang, Yu Zhu, Bei Liu
Summary: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death that promotes tumor cell death by causing cell membrane rupture and accumulation of lipid peroxides. Extensive research has been conducted to explore the mechanism of ferroptosis inducers, but its role in hematological tumors is still limited.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Oncology
Tanwei Yuan, Dominic Edelmann, Jakob N. Kather, Ziwen Fan, Katrin E. Tagscherer, Wilfried Roth, Melanie Bewerunge-Hudler, Alexander Brobeil, Matthias Kloor, Hendrik Blaeker, Barbara Burwinkel, Hermann Brenner, Michael Hoffmeister
Summary: The study aimed to analyze and validate previously published CpG-methylation-based prognostic biomarkers and prediction models for colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis. The results showed that the discrimination ability of the models was insufficient and lacked clinical relevance.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Oncology
Zhihui Duan, Dandan Yang, Ping Yuan, Xiaoming Dai, Guodong Chen, Daichao Wu
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic cancer vaccines, including their classification, clinical application, efficacy, and combination strategies with other therapies. It offers a valuable theoretical basis for the future clinical application and development of therapeutic cancer vaccines.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2024)