Review
Critical Care Medicine
Joo Heung Yoon, Michael R. Pinsky, Gilles Clermont
Summary: This article is one of the selected reviews from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2022. It presents important research findings in the field, and readers can find other selected articles and more information from the provided link.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pavan K. Bhatraju, Xin-Ya Chai, Neha A. Sathe, John Ruzinski, Edward D. Siew, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Mark M. Wurfel, Bryan R. Kestenbaum
Summary: In critically ill adults, there is lower urine-to-plasma ratios of secretory solutes compared to healthy individuals, and higher composite secretion scores are associated with lower risks of major adverse kidney events (MAKE 28), independent of severity of illness and other markers. Measurement of tubular secretory clearance could potentially improve assessment of kidney function and dosing of essential ICU medications.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zach Monahan, Dyani Shores, Alyson Mack, Natasha Bray, Alicia Ford, Micah Hartwell
Summary: This study analyzed the rates of depressive disorders among caregivers in the United States and their associations with demographic and relational aspects of the care recipient. The findings showed that female caregivers, American Indian/Alaskan Native caregivers, caregivers of unknown race, caregivers with a low income, and caregivers without high school education had higher rates of depression diagnosis. Caregivers were also more likely to experience depression if the care recipient had a mental or chronic respiratory condition, or if the care recipient was their live-in partner. However, depression rates were lower for caregivers of their own mother-in-law or spouse.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yanling Yi, Jing Xin, Junxia Liu, Jing Wu
Summary: This paper examines the health effects of long-term care insurance on spouses of disabled people in China. Results show that LTCI can improve the physical health status of spouses, but its impact on depression remains inconclusive.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Michelle Sharp, Kristin M. Burkart, Mark H. Adelman, Rendell W. Ashton, Lee Daugherty Biddison, Gabriel T. Bosslet, Stephen T. Doyle, Thomas Eckmann, Malik M. Khurram S. Khan, Peter H. Lenz, Jennifer W. McCallister, Jacqueline O'Toole, Cynthia S. Rand, Kristin A. Riekert, Morgan I. Soffler, Gretchen R. Winter, Sandra Zaeh, Michelle N. Eakin
Summary: The study found that half of fellows training in PCCM showed positive results for burnout or depressive symptoms. Having a coverage system in case of personal illness or emergency and access to mental health services were associated with lower odds of burnout.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anoop D. Shah, Niall S. MacCallum, Steve Harris, David A. Brealey, Edward Palmer, James Hetherington, Sinan Shi, David Perez-Suarez, Ari Ercole, Peter J. Watkinson, Andrew Jones, Simon Ashworth, Richard Beale, Stephen J. Brett, Mervyn Singer
Summary: The study successfully applied the Sepsis-3 criteria to electronic health records to describe the characteristics of critical care patients with sepsis. This may facilitate sepsis research on a larger scale using electronic health record data without relying on human coding.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Michael E. Winters, Kami Hu, Joseph P. Martinez, Haney Mallemat, William J. Brady
Summary: An emergency physician plays a crucial role in evaluating and managing critically ill patients. With the increasing demand for critical care in emergency departments, it is essential for EPs to stay updated with the latest developments in resuscitation and critical care medicine to provide evidence-based care and avoid adverse outcomes associated with prolonged boarding times.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Anesthesiology
S. Fizza Haider, R. Sloss, S. Jhanji, E. Nicholson, B. Creagh-Brown
Summary: There are various haematological malignancies which may require critical care management. Identifying patients who will benefit from critical care admission is challenging and palliative care may be helpful in reducing non-beneficial treatments. This review offers an overview of relevant haematological malignancies for critical care physicians and discusses specific management strategies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michal Rosenbach, Ayelet Dassa, Avi Gilboa
Summary: This study explores a home-based music therapy (HBMT) work model, and finds that the continuous support from the music therapist plays an important role in improving the relationship between persons with dementia and their primary caregivers, as well as implementing musical strategies effectively.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sylvie Lambert, Lydia Ould Brahim, Jane McCusker, Chelsea Coumoundouros, Li-Anne Audet, Mark Yaffe, John Kayser, Mona Magalhaes, Eric Belzile, Nerida Turner
Summary: Non-pharmacological interventions show improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms in caregivers, especially in the short term, by enhancing caregivers' self-management skills such as taking action, problem-solving, and decision-making. Future interventions should focus on enhancing the effect of these interventions, particularly by examining the impact of booster sessions. More research is needed on non-dementia caregiving and dyadic approaches.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Virginia Rodrigo-Banos, Marta del Moral-Pairada, Luis Gonzalez-de Paz
Summary: Studies have shown that the health status and psychological burden of informal caregivers are influenced by comorbidity, age, time of care, and the dependency of care receivers, as well as the relative importance of social support and depression. Therefore, interventions to support informal caregivers should comprehensively evaluate caregivers' situations and focus on caregivers rather than care receivers when designing programs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Monica Agianipe Abua, Ndep Antor Odu, Louis Chinweike Madubuattah, Isaac Olushola Ogunkola
Summary: This article examines cultural patterns and outcomes of umbilical cord care in Africa, finding that unsafe cord care practices are still prevalent in some regions, and home delivery and inappropriate cord cleaning practices are common.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Naomi E. Hammond, Liz Crowe, Brett Abbenbroek, Rosalind Elliott, David H. Tian, Lachlan H. Donaldson, Emily Fitzgerald, Oliver Flower, Sarah Grattan, Roger Harris, Louise Sayers, Anthony Delaney
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the mental health status of critical care healthcare workers in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, finding that 22-29% of respondents reported moderate to extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Additionally, women reported higher scores than men, indicating potential gender differences in psychological burden among healthcare workers.
AUSTRALIAN CRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Shafiqul Alam Sarker, K. M. Shahunja, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Sharifuzzaman, Md Imran Hasan, Sharika Nuzhat, Md Farhad Kabir, Farzana Afroze, Tahmina Alam, Lubaba Shahrin, Tahmeed Ahmed
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, associated factors, and outcomes of seizures in children hospitalized with pneumonia. Results showed that children with pneumonia and seizures were more likely to develop respiratory failure and had a higher mortality rate compared to children with pneumonia alone. Independent risk factors for seizures included hypoxemia, severe pneumonia, severe sepsis, and hypernatremia.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Senjun Jin, Lin Chen, Kun Chen, Chaozhou Hu, Sheng'an Hu, Zhongheng Zhang
Summary: The medical specialty of critical care provides emergency medical care to patients with life-threatening complications and injuries, generating a large amount of data. In-depth mining of this data could provide insights into underlying diseases and healthcare practices. Establishing an openly accessible critical care database is crucial for research purposes in China, considering its large patient population and potential for generating large healthcare databases.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jinkook Lee, Erik Meijer, Kenneth M. Langa, Mary Ganguli, Mathew Varghese, Joyita Banerjee, Pranali Khobragade, Marco Angrisani, Ravi Kurup, Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti, Indrajeet Singh Gambhir, Parvaiz A. Koul, Debabrata Goswami, Arunanshu Talukdar, Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty, Raju Sathyanarayana Yadati, Mekala Padmaja, Lalit Sankhe, Chhaya Rajguru, Monica Gupta, Govind Kumar, Minakshi Dhar, Prasun Chatterjee, Sunny Singhal, Rishav Bansal, Swati Bajpai, Gaurav Desai, Abhijith R. Rao, Palanimuthu T. Sivakumar, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Swaroop Bhatankar, Aparajita Chattopadhyay, Dipti Govil, Sarang Pedgaonkar, T. V. Sekher, David E. Bloom, Eileen M. Crimmins, Aparajit Ballav Dey
Summary: According to the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), the prevalence of dementia among adults aged 60+ in India is 7.4%, with significant variations based on age, education, sex, and urban/rural areas. It is estimated that there are over 8.8 million elderly Indians living with dementia, and the burden of dementia cases varies across states and subpopulations, requiring different levels of local planning and support.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Monica Rivera Mindt, Ozioma Okonkwo, Michael W. Weiner, Dallas P. Veitch, Paul Aisen, Miriam Ashford, Godfrey Coker, Michael C. Donohue, Kenneth M. Langa, Garrett Miller, Ronald Petersen, Rema Raman, Rachel Nosheny
Summary: The poor generalizability of clinical research data due to the enrollment of highly educated, non-Latinx White participants hampers the development of therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Black and Latinx older adults have a greater risk for dementia, yet it is unclear how health-care disparities and sociocultural factors influence potential AD therapies and prognosis. Low enrollment of under-represented populations may be attributable to several factors including greater exclusion due to higher rates of comorbidities, lower access to AD clinics, and the legacy of unethical treatment in medical research. This perspective outlines solutions tested in the Brain Health Registry (BHR) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), including culturally-informed digital research methods, community-engaged research strategies, leadership from under-represented communities, and the reduction of exclusion criteria based on comorbidities. Our successes demonstrate that it is possible to increase the inclusion and engagement of under-represented populations into US-based clinical studies, thereby increasing the generalizability of their results.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma Nichols, Derek K. K. Ng, Shabina Hayat, Kenneth M. M. Langa, Jinkook Lee, Andrew Steptoe, Jennifer A. A. Deal, Alden L. L. Gross
Summary: This study evaluated the measurement of functional limitations in different cultural contexts, finding better performance in the United States and England compared to South Africa, India, and Mexico. Items from the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID) had the least cross-country variability but lower performance in association with cognitive impairment.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Emilie M. Blair, Bailey K. Reale, Darin B. Zahuranec, Jane Forman, Kenneth M. Langa, Bruno J. Giordani, Brenda L. Plassman, Kathleen A. Welsh-Bohmer, Jing Wang, Colleen D. Kollman, Deborah A. Levine
Summary: According to a multi-center qualitative study, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have different preferences for invasive treatments after acute ischemic stroke compared to patients with normal cognition. While both groups preferred non-invasive treatments, MCI patients expressed more skepticism and less decisiveness in decision-making. These findings suggest that MCI diagnosis may contribute to differences in patient and care partner preferences for invasive treatments after stroke, but not for non-invasive treatments.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Benjamin W. Domingue, Ryan J. McCammon, Brady T. West, Kenneth M. Langa, David R. Weir, Jessica Faul
Summary: Measuring cognition in an aging population is a public health priority. This study examines the effect of survey mode on cognitive measures in the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS) using web-based data collection. The results show that web-based respondents score higher and have larger gains compared to phone-based respondents, suggesting a reconsideration of cut-score approaches to identify impairment.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel Panikkar, Sithara Vivek, Eileen Crimmins, Jessica Faul, Kenneth M. Langa, Bharat Thyagarajan
Summary: This study evaluated the stability and assay variability of several blood-based biomarkers of neuropathology under common preanalytical conditions. The results showed that processing delay and freeze-thaw cycles had minimal impact on most biomarkers, except for Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels which were significantly affected. Standardizing preanalytical variables is important for accurate measurement of neuropathology biomarkers in population studies.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Deborah A. Levine, Rachael T. Whitney, Andrzej T. Galecki, Angela Fagerlin, Lauren P. Wallner, Supriya Shore, Kenneth M. Langa, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Lewis B. Morgenstern, Bruno Giordani, Bailey K. Reale, Emilie M. Blair, Anupriya Sharma, Mohammed U. Kabeto, Brenda L. Plassman, Darin B. Zahuranec
Summary: This study found that physicians recommend fewer guideline-concordant treatments for patients with early-stage dementia after cardiovascular disease events. However, there was no evidence that physicians recommend fewer treatments for patients with mild cognitive impairment compared to those with normal cognition.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Madelyn Malvitz, Darin B. B. Zahuranec, Wen Chang, Steven G. G. Heeringa, Emily M. M. Briceno, Roshanak Mehdipanah, Xavier F. F. Gonzales, Deborah A. A. Levine, Kenneth M. M. Langa, Nelda Garcia, Lewis B. B. Morgenstern
Summary: This study investigated the driving status among older Latinx and non-Hispanic White individuals with cognitive impairment. The majority of participants were still driving, which is a concern for caregivers. Factors such as language preference and daily living activities were associated with driving status, but no significant ethnic differences were found.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
James F. Burke, Kevin A. Kerber, Kenneth M. Langa, Roger L. Albin, Vikas Kotagal
Summary: Lecanemab, a novel amyloid-sequestering agent, has recently been approved for the treatment of mild dementia and mild cognitive impairment, but its benefits are small, its harms are substantial, and its costs are unprecedented.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lauren Hersch Nicholas, Scott D. Halpern, David R. Weir, Micah Y. Baum, Marie Nolan, Joseph Gallo, Kenneth M. Langa
Summary: The number of decision makers and their access to advance directives do not affect treatment choices for patients with severe dementia.
INNOVATION IN AGING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Miguel Arce Renteria, Emily M. Briceno, Diefei Chen, Joseph Saenz, Lindsay C. Kobayashi, Christopher Gonzalez, Jet M. J. Vonk, Richard N. Jones, Jennifer J. Manly, Rebeca Wong, David Weir, Kenneth M. Langa, Alden L. Gross
Summary: This study uses a cultural neuropsychology approach to derive and validate harmonized scores representing memory and language in population-based studies in the United States and Mexico. The harmonized scores show expected associations with age and education.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tsai-Chin Cho, Xuexin Yu, Alden L. Gross, Yuan S. Zhang, Jinkook Lee, Kenneth M. Langa, Lindsay C. Kobayashi
Summary: There are differences in the association between negative wealth shocks and cognitive function among older adults in China, England, Mexico, and the USA, and these associations may be influenced by the country's income level. The findings suggest that government policies and social safety nets in countries with different levels of economic development could play a role in protecting older adults from the adverse health effects of wealth losses.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Noreen Khan, Emily M. Briceno, Roshanak Mehdipanah, Lisa Lewandowski-Romps, Steven G. Heeringa, Nelda Garcia, Deborah A. Levine, Kenneth M. Langa, Lewis B. Morgenstern
Summary: Understanding concordance between informants and cognitively impaired participants is crucial for Alzheimer's and Alzheimer's-related dementia studies. Models were generated to examine predictors of answer discordance, and it was found that gender and informant-participant relationship were most associated with demographic information concordance, while cognitive function was most associated with health information concordance.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Darina T. T. Bassil, Meagan T. T. Farrell, Albert Weerman, Muqi Guo, Ryan G. G. Wagner, Adam M. M. Brickman, M. Maria Glymour, Kenneth M. M. Langa, Jennifer J. J. Manly, Brent Tipping, India Butler, Stephen Tollman, Lisa F. F. Berkman
Summary: This study describes the development and feasibility of using an online consensus approach for diagnosing cognitive impairment and dementia in rural South Africa. The study reviewed cognitive assessments, clinical evaluations, and informant interviews from a longitudinal study and used a web-based platform for diagnosis. The results showed a moderate level of agreement between raters' individual ratings and the final diagnostic outcomes.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alden L. Gross, Chihua Li, Emily M. Briceno, Miguel Arce Renteria, Richard Njones, Kenneth M. Langa, Jennifer J. Manly, Emma Nichols, David Weir, Rebeca Wong, Lisa Berkman, Jinkook Lee, Lindsay C. Kobayashi
Summary: This study standardized and evaluated cognitive scores from large-scale studies across six countries, finding high reliability and accuracy of the resulting standardized scores. These scores can be used for population-based research and allow for international comparisons of cognitive outcomes.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2023)