Article
Engineering, Civil
Anwer Al-Kaimakchi, Michelle Rambo-Roddenberry
Summary: Stainless steel reinforcing rebars and prestressing strands are viable alternatives to carbon steel materials for prestressed concrete structures in extremely aggressive environments. This study experimentally investigated the transfer length and prestress losses of 15.2-mm (0.6-in.-) diameter Duplex High-Strength Stainless Steel (HSSS) strands as well as the shear and flexural behavior of two full-scale 12.8-m-(42-ft-) long AASHTO Type II concrete girders prestressed with HSSS strands and reinforced with duplex stainless steel rebars.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Jian Yuan, Zhinan Ou
Summary: The durability of concrete structures can be effectively enhanced with stainless steel reinforcements compared to ordinary steel under harsh conditions, but current design codes are not appropriate for stainless steel-reinforced concrete. Further research is needed to improve the design theory and fully utilize the advantages of stainless steel-reinforced concrete structures.
ADVANCES IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Wenyuan Kong, Wenbo Zhou, Libo Chen, Qinglong Liao, Yao Zhu, Yu Chen
Summary: The filling position of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has a significant influence on the flexural behavior of stainless steel tubular truss. Filling the chord with SFRC can improve the bearing capacity of the truss, and the optimal filling method can be determined through stress analysis.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Tanvir Qureshi, Guorui Wang, Sankha Mukherjee, Md Akibul Islam, Tobin Filleter, Chandra V. Singh, Daman K. Panesar
Summary: This report reviews the current state of graphene-based coating technology for steel surfaces, discussing both experimental studies and theoretical aspects.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Khondaker Sakil Ahmed, Md Ahsan Habib, Md Farhan Asef
Summary: This study investigated the flexural response of concrete beams reinforced with plain stainless steel rebars, finding that applying stainless steel rebars can improve the moment capacity of concrete beams when a low reinforcement ratio is used. Additionally, debonding failure of rebars was observed in stainless steel reinforced beams, and the ultimate moment capacity of these beams was found to be 12-36% smaller than the code recommended capacity.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Musab Rabi, Rabee Shamass, K. A. Cashell
Summary: The degradation of reinforced concrete structures due to steel reinforcement corrosion is a global problem. Replacing traditional carbon steel reinforcement with corrosion-resistant stainless steel reinforcement is a viable solution. This paper provides a comprehensive review of stainless steel reinforced concrete, aiming to drive future research and enable easier use by practicing engineers.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chunyi Xu, Kaile Wang, Ximin Gu
Summary: This paper studies the bond behavior of stainless steel reinforced concrete by comparing the failure phenomena and bond strength of different specimens through pull-out tests. The results show that the concrete strength has a significant influence on the bond behavior of stainless steel reinforced concrete, and different types of reinforced concrete exhibit different bond slip performances.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Musab Rabi, K. A. Cashell, Rabee Shamass
Summary: Stainless steel reinforcement is an attractive option for reinforced concrete structures due to its outstanding properties, however, current global design standards do not incorporate an appropriate design approach for utilizing its distinctive characteristics, leading to inefficiencies in structural and economic performance.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zhi-Bin Wang, Hong-Wei Dai, Cheng-Liang Ke
Summary: The compressive behaviour of rectangular steel-reinforced concrete-filled stainless steel tubular short columns (SRCFSST) was investigated in this study. Compressive tests were performed on 10 rectangular SRCFSST stub columns and 2 rectangular concrete-filled stainless steel tubular counterparts (CFSST) to study the impact of steel ratios and steel sectional shape on the compressive performance of SRCFSST short columns. The results showed that the rectangular SRCFSST column exhibited higher carrying capacity, deformability, and ductility compared to the rectangular CFSST column. A refined finite element model was created to analyze the behavior of the rectangular SRCFSST stub column, and adding carbon profiled steel significantly improved the confinement of concrete and enhanced the ductility and bearing capacity of the composite column. The carrying capacity, peak strain, and compressive stiffness of the rectangular SRCFSST short column were evaluated using FE parametric analysis, and design methods for these parameters were recommended or refined.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Robert E. Melchers, Igor A. Chaves
Summary: The study case found that concrete structures reinforced with steel can display excellent long-term durability even in harsh conditions, but attention should be paid to ensure sufficient concrete compaction to prevent localized corrosion, and the use of blast furnace slag and other aggregates may contribute to enhancing the structure's durability.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dena Khatami, Shahin Hajilar, Behrouz Shafei
Summary: This study aims to develop a model linking corrosion process and oxygen availability in the cathodic region, which is proven to be the governing factor in corrosion propagation in steel-reinforced concrete. The model is solved using a cellular automaton framework and a simulation-based probabilistic approach is employed to investigate uncertainties present in oxygen diffusion parameters, polarization variables, and structural details, especially for predicting crack width for durability and serviceability assessment purposes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sherief A. Al Kiey, E. A. Abd El Meguid, S. S. Abd El Rehim
Summary: The pitting corrosion susceptibility of 904L stainless steel in aerated LiBr solutions was studied using electrochemical measurements. The experimental variables, including electrolyte concentrations, pH, scan rate, temperature, and constant potential, were investigated. The results showed that the uniform corrosion rate and pitting corrosion susceptibility increased with increasing LiBr concentrations and temperature. Increasing the pH of the solution decreased both corrosion rates. An increase in scan rate enhanced uniform corrosion but suppressed pitting corrosion. EIS diagrams displayed a depressed semicircles with the center under the real axis. Bode plots supported the result that the uniform corrosion resistance decreased with increasing Br- anion concentration in LiBr solutions. The observations suggested that the observed single time constant may actually be the overlap of two time constants.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ligang Peng, Weilai Zeng, Yuxi Zhao, Long Li, Chi -sun Poon, Haibing Zheng
Summary: The accelerated carbonation treatment can improve the physical properties of recycled aggregate and enhance the performance of recycled aggregate concrete. However, the corrosion and cracking induced by carbonated recycled aggregate in concrete have not been adequately addressed in previous studies. This study experimentally investigated the effects of accelerated carbonation treatment on the physical properties of recycled aggregate and the performance of recycled aggregate concrete. The results show that carbonated recycled aggregate exhibits improved water absorption and slightly higher density. Carbonated recycled aggregate concrete demonstrates higher compressive strength, better resistance to steel corrosion, and reduced corrosion-induced cracking, which can be attributed to the enhanced micro-hardness of the interfacial transition zones between new and old mortar.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lijing Yang, Wenwen Du, Minghua Wu, Jin He, Guohong Yu, Shuchang Wang, Zhenlun Song
Summary: The corrosion behavior and passivation mechanism of S32750 super-duplex stainless steel exposed in a simulated marine atmosphere were investigated using electrochemical methods, XPS, and SEM. The results showed that the passivation film is composed of two chromium-enriched layers, and the specimen exposed for 24 days exhibited the best corrosion resistance.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Liang Fan, Xianming Shi
Summary: Reinforcement corrosion is a major threat to the service life of RC structures, and various monitoring techniques have been categorized into five main types based on sensing principles and key characteristics. Future research should focus on aspects such as spatial resolution, sensor selection, and cost-efficiency.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Muddasir Nawaz, Ramazan Kahraman, Maryna G. Taryba, Mohammad K. Hassan, M. Attaei, M. F. Montemor, R. A. Shakoor
Summary: This study developed a modified polyolefin nanocomposite coating by loading a corrosion inhibitor, 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole, into Ceria nanoparticles. Compared to the non-modified polyolefin coatings, the modified coatings exhibited improved corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and erosion resistance.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Neelakandan M. Santhosh, Kush K. Upadhyay, Gregor Filipic, Janez Zavasnik, Maria de Fatima Montemor, Uros Cvelbar
Summary: Portable electronic devices require high-performance miniaturised electronic components, preferably produced at low cost. Currently, aluminium electrolytic capacitors (AECs) are commonly used, but they are bulky and have narrow electrochemical performance. In this study, an alternative compact capacitor design using vertically aligned carbon nanostructures as the electrode was fabricated and showed high capacity and low resistance, suggesting its suitability for high-frequency filtering applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Diaz, X. R. Novoa, C. Perez, A. Pintos, V. Vivier
Summary: The need for a fast and reliable method for field monitoring reinforced concrete structures is addressed in this paper. A proof of concept is presented where a noncontact procedure provides quantitative information on the concrete resistivity and reinforcement corrosion rate. A Wenner-type probe is used to obtain the desired information by combining two- and four-electrode measurements in a relatively high-frequency domain.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
B. Sena da Fonseca, A. P. Ferreira Pinto, M. Rucha, M. M. Alves, M. F. Montemor
Summary: Consolidation improves the cohesion of stones and preserves stone-built heritage. However, it also modifies other characteristics that affect stone vulnerability to salt crystallization, especially in porous limestones. This study evaluates the compatibility of alkoxysilanes and phosphate-based treatments with a historic porous limestone in both short-term and medium/long-term perspectives. The findings reveal the potential risks of salt entrapment and development of subflorescences when using consolidants, highlighting the importance of addressing consolidation of damaged stones with proper compatibility.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
A. Collazo, R. Figueroa, C. Marino-Martinez, X. R. Novoa, C. Perez
Summary: A Fe-17Mn-6Si-19Cr-4Ni-1(V,C) shape memory steel was electrochemically characterized in both unstrained and pre-strained conditions. The study focused on studying the passive films formed in alkaline conditions and their behavior in different Cl / OH- ratios. The results showed that the passive film characteristics were similar in all samples, although the 304 L stainless steel exhibited higher corrosion resistance due to its higher Cr content. Additionally, the shape memory steels were found to be more sensitive to aggressive conditions, especially when pre-strained, and exhibited localized corrosion morphology at grain boundaries.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
A. C. Alves, Jorge P. Correia, Teresa M. Silva, M. F. Montemor
Summary: The birnessite structure of MnO2 makes it a promising electrode material for energy storage devices, especially supercapacitors, due to its high theoretical capacitance and pseudocapacitive response. The effect of alkali cations on the structure of birnessite has been discussed, but their role in the charge storage mechanism is still controversial. This study reveals new aspects of the pseudocapacitive charge storage mechanism of birnessite and discusses the contribution of non-faradaic and faradaic reactions based on EIS analysis. It demonstrates the role of alkali ions intercalation in the interlayer structure of birnessite.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
I. Bahtit, N. Gruet, B. Puga, X. R. Novoa, C. Thomas, V. Vivier
Summary: The corrosion of silicon-enriched stainless steel in nitric acid is highly dependent on the temperature of the electrolyte. In this study, the autocatalytic reduction mechanism of nitric acid on this material is highlighted using electrochemical measurements and chemical analyses. This research provides further insights into the nitric acid reduction on an oxidized material, despite slower kinetics, and shows the promotion of autocatalytic reactions in concentrated nitric acid.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Tiago A. R. Silva, Ana C. Marques, Rui G. dos Santos, Rana A. Shakoor, Maryna Taryba, Maria Fatima Montemor
Summary: Bio-based polyols were obtained from the thermochemical liquefaction of pinewood and Stipa tenacissima, and successfully used as a green raw material to produce bio-based polyurethane coatings. The coatings exhibited moderate thermal stability, mild hydrophobicity, and good corrosion protection properties. These BioPU coatings have great potential for various applications and further modification with bio-based fillers and corrosion inhibitors.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
X. R. Novoa, C. Perez
Summary: This article presents relevant developments in the characterisation of corrosion phenomena in the presence of two commonly used coating types: organic and inorganic (Portland cement) based coatings. Organic coatings act as physical barriers while cement-based coatings provide additional chemical protection due to high pH. Improving the performance of these coatings involves giving them self-healing characteristics, which can be analyzed using electrochemical techniques.
CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Rodrigo Braga, Diana M. Fernandes, Alberto Adan-Mas, Teresa M. Silva, M. F. Montemor
Summary: The introduction of pillared agents or dopants to graphene in supercapacitor electrodes can improve ion transfer and electrochemical performance. This study evaluates the effect of different nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) precursors on doped graphene flakes (GF). Co-doping with 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole results in a specific capacitance of 48 F.g(-1) and over 90% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
I. Abidli, N. Souissi, K. Essalah, X. R. Novoa
Summary: The inhibition performance of aqueous Curcuma.L extract as a corrosion inhibitor for iron surface in 0.1 M HCl solution was investigated using ac impedance technique. The inhibitive effect of Curcuma.L extract was achieved through the adsorption of its molecules onto the iron surface and reached 81.1% at the optimal concentration. The main compounds in the extract, Curcumin (Inh A), demethoxycurcumin (Inh B), and bis-demethoxycurcumin (Inh C), showed varying inhibitive strengths, which could be attributed to their electron-donating abilities.
CANADIAN METALLURGICAL QUARTERLY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Sheila Silva-Fernandez, Belan Diaz, Iria Feijoo, Xose Ramon Novoa, Carmen Perez
Summary: The influence of temperature and pH variations on the Zn phosphate conversion treatment of high-strength steel was investigated. The results showed that higher temperature enhanced corrosion resistance for baths at pH 2.4, while pH 2.9 provided better surface coverage with smaller coating masses. Microstructural analysis revealed the formation of films composed of smaller crystals at pH 2.9. Impedance spectroscopy proved to be a powerful tool for characterizing phosphate layers, depending on the equivalent circuit used for simulation.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zheng Dong, Chuanqing Fu, Chentao Lu, Xose Ramon Novoa, Hailong Ye
Summary: This study investigates the effect of stress state on the critical chloride content for depassivation of steel bars in a simulated concrete pore solution. Electrochemical techniques are used to study the passivation and depassivation behaviors of steel in chloride-free and chloride-containing solutions. The results show that stress enhances redox activity in highly alkaline solutions, with tension having a greater effect than compression. Stress also increases the donor density and dielectric properties of the passive film, significantly reducing the critical chloride content of steel by 80%.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
R. S. Sampaio, T. M. Silva, M. F. Montemor
Summary: This work investigates the growth of manganese oxide on stainless steel for pseudocapacitor electrodes using a one-step potentiostatic method. The microstructure of the electrode material and its capacitive response were analyzed through in situ ellipsometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results reveal the formation of three layers during the potentiostatic synthesis of manganese oxide on stainless steel: thickening of the native oxide layer on the substrate, and the growth of two distinct layers of manganese oxide. The inner layer is slightly more compact and resistive, while the outer layer is more porous.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aldona Balciunate, Kush K. Upadhyay, Kristina Radinovic, Diogo M. F. Santos, M. F. Montemor, Biljana Sljukic
Summary: The β-Ni(OH)(2) nanoplatelets prepared by a hydrothermal procedure show efficient electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline media. The material also exhibits superior stability. This research is significant for the development of efficient electrocatalysts.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Shang, Xiaoping Cai, Farshid Pahlevani, Yan Zheng, Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi, Xinran Gao, Baojing Zhang, Peizhong Feng
Summary: High porosity Co-Al-Fe intermetallics with 3D-microstructures were successfully synthesized in one step via a thermal explosion reaction. The link between pore structure and permeability was investigated using 3D-XRM technology. The corrosion resistance of the samples with different Fe contents was studied at 900 degrees C under an oxygen/sulphur atmosphere for up to 120 h. The results showed that the samples maintained stable pore structure and intact internal matrices, attributed to the formation of a thin protective layer on the surface. In addition, inward diffusion of S resulted in the formation of FeS nodules.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lian Ma, Hain Yang, Daquan Zhang, Wei Wu
Summary: In this study, an environmentally friendly volatile corrosion inhibitor, lysine salts (LA), was prepared between graphene oxide (GO) layers using an in situ intercalation technique. The corrosion inhibition effect of LA was evaluated, and it was found that LA-GO2 achieved a 99.3% corrosion inhibition efficiency after composition optimization. The inhibition of the electrochemical anodic process on the surface of mild steel was the main reason for the high corrosion inhibition efficiency of LA-GO2. The properties of the surface film on the corroded steel were also characterized in detail to understand the corrosion inhibition mechanism of LA-GO2.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Running Wang, Jiaping Zhang, Bing Liu, Jie Fei, Qiangang Fu
Summary: By introducing a tailored SiC-C interphase, the carbon fiber can be effectively protected, improving the mechanical and ablation properties of leading edge shaped C/C-ZrC-SiC composites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zihua Wang, Chijia Wang, Ruitao Wang, Jiapeng Deng, Kun Zhang, Yanji Zhu, Huaiyuan Wang
Summary: A robust anti-corrosive coating has been developed using functional fly ash, which demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance and improved mechanical properties. The coating achieves these enhancements through molecular cross-linking design and surface augmentation techniques, resulting in a significantly improved impedance modulus compared to pure polyurea coatings.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haofei Sun, Meifeng Li, Hao Zhang, Jing Liu
Summary: The oxidation behavior of FeCrNi medium entropy alloy was investigated through experimental observations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The study found that at 900 degrees C, the alloy forms a desirable and continuous oxide layer, while at 1000 degrees C, the oxide layer becomes discontinuous with penetration of oxide. These observations highlight the significant role of phase structure in promoting the formation of protective oxide scales and influencing oxidation resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Li, Ke Ma, Jingjun Xu, Jingjing Li, Yueming Li, Yi Zhang, Jun Zuo, Meishuan Li
Summary: Cr2AlC diffusion barrier effectively blocks the diffusion of Ti, enhancing the stability and spalling resistance of the Al2O3 scales between NiCrAlY coating and TiAl alloy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weiyi Wang, Qinglin Pan, Xiangdong Wang, Bing Liu
Summary: By adding Ce, Sc, Y and Zr elements to Al-Mg-Si alloy, the microstructure of the alloy can be regulated, and the corrosion and heat resistance of the materials can be improved.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cristoforetti, Javier Izquierdo, Ricardo M. Souto, Flavio Deflorian, Michele Fedel, Stefano Rossi
Summary: This study presents a new approach to studying the mechanism of filiform corrosion in organic coated steel using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and micropotentiometry (potentiometric SECM). The electrochemical activity under the coating was evaluated by mapping the ionic current densities coming from artificial defects made in specific locations of the filament. Antimony tips were also used to investigate the pH changes associated with different corrosion reactions at the metal-paint interface. Local pH levels along the filament in the anodic and cathodic regions were determined.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Gao, Dayun Sun, Zhu Liu, Shuo Cong, Rui Tang, Yanping Huang, Lefu Zhang, Xianglong Guo
Summary: The corrosion characteristics of a novel alumina-forming austenitic steel in high-pressure high-temperature water environment were studied. The addition of aluminum has a negative effect on the continuity of the alumina scale.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Negin Madelat, Benny Wouters, Peter Visser, Zahra Jiryaeisharahi, Kristof Marcoen, Shoshan T. Abrahami, Annick Hubin, Herman Terryn, Tom Hauffman
Summary: This work explores the correlation between electrolyte transport properties and the variation of pigment volume concentration (PVC) in organic coatings. An odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP-EIS) approach is used to analyze the diffusion of ions independent from water uptake. The results show that a higher PVC leads to a more homogeneous coating structure, resulting in faster diffusion of ions and enhanced water uptake.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eloa Lopes Maia, Serguei Gavrilov, Valentyn Tsisar, Kitty Baert, Iris De Graeve
Summary: The effect of pre-oxidation in air at 300-500°C on the initiation and development of liquid metal corrosion attack on 316L austenitic steel in static lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) has been investigated. It was found that pre-formed oxide films can protect the surface against dissolution, while high temperature pre-oxidation leads to localized corrosion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Baozhuang Sun, Qiuyu Wang, Yue Pan, Zhiyong Liu, Cuiwei Du, Xiaogang Li
Summary: In this study, a non-steady electrochemical model was established to investigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The model was verified using 304 SS with various microstructures, confirming its effectiveness in assessing SCC susceptibility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingyu Xiao, Xinhua Liu, Zhilei Wang, Xuexu Xu, Mingying Chen, Jianxin Xie
Summary: The corrosion behavior and mechanisms of Cu-10Ni-X (Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Sn, Ti, Zn) alloys in a 3.5% NaCl solution were systematically investigated. Both computational and experimental results revealed that except Ti, other elements could enhance the corrosion resistance of Cu2O passivation film.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gen Zhang, Yan-Ping Huang, E. Jiang, Wei -Wei Liu, Hong Yang, Jing Xiong, Yong-Fu Zhao
Summary: The addition of aluminum has a significant influence on the intermetallic compounds in AFA alloys, particularly increasing the content of B2-NiAl phase. In the SCO2 environment, the oxide scales formed on AFA alloys with aluminum were thinner than on ASS without aluminum, and the structure of the oxide scales changed to a double-layer structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuxuan He, Guozheng Xiao, Chao Wang, Xuefeng Lu, Liuyuan Li, Shiying Liu, Yusheng Wu, Zhanjie Wang
Summary: The relationship between configurational entropy and lattice distortion in novel rare earth monosilicates was investigated, and the effect of configurational entropy on their properties was studied. The results showed that lattice distortion increased with the increase of configurational entropy, but a highly symmetrical crystal structure was formed when the configurational entropy was large enough, inhibiting the lattice distortion.
