Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiyun Guan, Lei Wang, Liwu Mo
Summary: This study aims to improve the performance of cement-based materials by steam curing using coal bottom ash (CBA) and reduce the amount of cement used in prefabricated construction materials. The results showed that finer CBA particles and higher curing temperature had positive effects on improving the properties of cement materials. By combining suitable steam curing regime and proper fineness of CBA, low cost and high performance steam-cured concrete can be produced.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hongxu Zhou, Rabin Bhattarai, Yunkai Li, Buchun Si, Xinxin Dong, Tengfei Wang, Zhitong Yao
Summary: The article discusses the generation, characteristics, environmental concerns, and potential applications and benefits analysis of coal bottom ash (CBA), emphasizing its potential applications in construction, ceramics, wastewater treatment, and soil improvement. Additionally, it highlights the prospect of reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in concrete production by incorporating CBA.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Muhammad Tahir Lakhiar, Yu Bai, Leong Sing Wong, Suvash Chandra Paul, Vivi Anggraini, Sih Ying Kong
Summary: This paper examined the properties of epoxy mortar produced using industrial wastes, such as coal bottom ash and micro fillers. The results showed that the epoxy resin to filler ratio significantly influenced the properties of the mortar, with ground coal bottom ash leading to higher mechanical properties and lower water absorption and shrinkage. Additionally, the mechanical strengths improved as the content of micro fillers increased.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mahdi Rafieizonooz, Elnaz Khankhaje, Shahabaldin Rezania
Summary: Coal power plant wastes and coal ash concrete have the potential to replace cement and fine aggregate, allowing for the production of sustainable and environmentally friendly concrete with reduced cost and natural resource utilization.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haemin Song, Sungwon Sim, Dongho Jeon, Dohoon Kim, Juan Yu, Kyungcheol Jang, Jae Eun Oh
Summary: This study showed that the Ca(OH)2-Na2CO3 activation can produce a near-white surface on hardened samples using dark coal-fired bottom ash. The activation significantly increased the lightness index (L*) of the samples, indicating a whitening effect. However, the particle size and composition of the bottom ash can affect the effectiveness of the whitening process.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Bingchuan Cheng, Rentai Liu, Xiuhao Li, Enrique del Rey Castillo, Mengjun Chen, Shucai Li
Summary: Increasing FA/CBA values can improve the performance of backfill materials, but the excellent water retention of CBA may reduce drainage capacity. A 0.5% superplasticizer and a 30%-50% FA/CBA ratio can meet the requirements and have been applied in a filling mining project.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mahipal Kasaniya, Michael D. A. Thomas, Edward G. Moffatt
Summary: It is well known that partial replacement of portland cement with pozzolans improves the long-term performance of concrete. However, with the decreasing availability of fly ash, exploration of alternative pozzolans is necessary. Experimental investigations are conducted to study the performance of various pozzolans, traditional and novel, in terms of compressive strength and reactivity. The results show that the 7-day strength in the modified lime-reactivity test is a good indicator of pozzolanic reactivity and performance in concrete. Electrical resistivity is also discussed as an indicator of pozzolan performance in terms of strength development and chloride penetration resistance.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wen Liang, Qing Yuan, Sheng Liu, Guang Xu
Summary: The formation mechanism of microstructural delamination in flange steel during punching was revealed by analyzing the microstructural characteristics of flange steels with different carbon contents. It was found that microstructural delamination occurred due to segregation of C and Mn, with the segregation degree of C decreasing with decreasing carbon content. Additionally, increased segregations of elements other than carbon were related to the coupling effect between different alloying elements.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Baixing Song, Caijun Shi, Xiang Hu, Kai Ouyang, Yahong Ding, Guojun Ke
Summary: Early CO2 curing reduces water sorption and chloride migration coefficient of cement mortar, but also decreases chloride binding capacity compared to water curing. The replacement of cement with fly ash decreases the strength and permeability of mortar, regardless of curing regime.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jose Roberto Hino Junior, Carlos E. T. Balestra, Ronaldo A. Medeiros-Junior
Summary: This study compared four test methods to determine concrete resistance to chloride penetration and investigated the sensitivity of these methods to the effect of fly ash. The sensitivity of the fly ash effect varied in each test. As the fly ash content increased, the chloride depths measured in different tests became closer.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Caihui Wang, Kaili Sun, Han Niu, Guowen Sun, Zhiwei Zhang, Lijuan Kong
Summary: The study revealed that the binary admixture of sepiolite and fly ash has a significant impact on the performance of modified cement mortar, enhancing strength, improving carbonation and chloride resistance. Additionally, the binary admixture can shorten the induction period of cement hydration and reduce the cumulative hydration heat release of the system.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Baixing Song, Xiang Hu, Songhui Liu, Caijun Shi
Summary: This study compared the chloride binding of Portland cement pastes with and without early CO2 curing and investigated the effects of FA and GGBS on the chloride binding of early CO2-cured cement paste. The results showed that the chloride binding capacity of early CO2-cured Portland cement paste was lower compared to the untreated paste, and different isotherm models were suitable for describing the two types of pastes. The chloride binding of Portland cement-fly ash-GGBS pastes subjected to early CO2 curing primarily relied on physical adsorption, and the chemical binding related to Friedel's salt was weak. The addition of FA and GGBS decreased the chloride binding capacity of early CO2-cured Portland cement paste due to the lack of calcium hydroxide. However, when CaCl2 solution was used as a soaking solution, the chloride binding of Portland cement-fly ash-GGBS pastes subjected to early CO2 curing was improved through enhanced physical adsorption. The presence of cation ions in the chloride solution had little influence on the formation of Friedel's salt.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abdul Muiz Hasim, Khairul Anuar Shahid, Nur Farhayu Ariffin, Nurul Natasha Nasrudin, Muhammad Nor Syahrul Zaimi, Mohd Khairul Kamarudin
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties and cracking mechanism of concrete containing coal waste. The results show that the use of coal waste in concrete reduces splitting tensile and flexural strengths. The failure of beams is mainly influenced by the porous structure and high crushing index of coarse coal waste.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nitin Ankur, Navdeep Singh
Summary: Cement composites like mortar and concrete are widely used in construction, with 90% of carbon footprints coming from cement production. By utilizing coal ashes from thermal power plants in mortar and concrete manufacturing, sustainability and cleaner production in the construction industry can be promoted.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hitomi Matsumoto, Masaki Takaoka
Summary: This study compared the effects of different chloride removal methods on synthesized FS and two types of bottom ash. All methods promoted chloride dissolution for both FS and bottom ash. Aging was the most effective method, significantly reducing the chloride content in the ash.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Million Tafesse, Abel Shiferaw Alemu, Hyo Kyoung Lee, Chang-Geun Cho, Hyeong-Ki Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effect of chloride penetration on the resistivity of highly conductive composites containing carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers. The results showed that the resistivity of the composites increased as chloride penetrated the specimens, which was likely due to the clogging of the carbon nanotube network. The study also highlighted the importance of checking the trend of change in resistance value of multiple sensors over time for monitoring chloride penetration.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Raju Sharma, Hyeju Kim, Junjie Pei, Jeong Gook Jang
Summary: This study investigated the dimensional stability and physicochemical changes of belite-rich cement (BRC) subjected to carbonation curing. The results showed that carbonation-cured BRC exhibited more shrinkage and less mass loss than the normal-cured BRC. The physicochemical analysis revealed that the reactions involved in carbonation curing led to the consumption of water and increased shrinkage of the cement paste.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Raju Sharma, Junjie Pei, Jeong Gook Jang
Summary: The study examines the impact of different curing schemes on the strength and microstructural changes of belite-rich cement (BRC) mortar. BRC mortars were exposed to carbonation and/or water curing for 28 days. The mineralogical changes in BRC were influenced by the water-to-cement ratio (w/c ratio) and CO2 concentration during the initial stages of curing. Ettringite, portlandite, and unreacted belite were the hydrated phases in 0.3 w/c ratio mixtures. Regardless of the curing method, rapid mineralogical changes, including the formation of different polymorphs of CaCO3 and decalcified silica gel, were observed at higher w/c ratios. Carbonation curing resulted in higher strength development for all w/c ratios (0.3-0.7). However, hybrid curing was more effective than water curing in improving compressive strength at higher w/c ratios (0.6 and 0.7).
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Gebremicael Liyew, Woldeamanuel Minwuye Mesfin, Solmoi Park, Hyeong-Ki Kim
Summary: This study proposed a modified method based on the Archimedes principle to define and measure the water absorption and specific gravity of aggregates. By using alcohol and water, cement pastes and mortars were prepared and the volume of the aggregates was measured after centrifugal compaction (CC). Various experimental factors related to the CC method were considered and the results were verified using standard test methods. It was concluded that the CC machine can measure the water absorption and specific gravity of aggregates under surface-saturated dry (SSD) conditions, regardless of their particle shape and pore structures.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Md Jihad Miah, Junjie Pei, Hyeju Kim, Raju Sharma, Jeong Gook Jang, Jiwhan Ahn
Summary: Wearing face masks is advised to prevent the spread of COVID-19, but it leads to a significant amount of waste. Masks contain non-degradable materials, resulting in long-term environmental pollution. Proper management of waste masks is necessary to minimize their impact on the environment.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kunal Krishna Das, Eddie Siu-Shu Lam, Jeong Gook Jang
Summary: In preplaced aggregate concrete (PAC), incorporating supplementary cementitious materials such as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fume (SF) can improve the flowability and properties of the grout. The study evaluated the effects of different proportions of GGBS and SF, as well as the presence of sand, on the flowability, compressive strength, durability, and dimensional stability of PAC. The results showed that using a combination of GGBS and SF in the grout resulted in suitable flowability and acceptable strength, but removing sand from the grout improved its properties while deteriorating the properties of PAC. PAC produced with 40% GGBS and 10% SF exhibited comparable compressive strength and enhanced resistance to chloride ion penetration.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Million Tafesse, Abel Shiferaw Alemu, Beomjoo Yang, Solmoi Park, Hyeong-Ki Kim
Summary: A crack monitoring strategy for reinforced concrete using parallelly-arranged multiple conductive cement composites was verified through experiments and simulations. The electrical resistances of the CNT-CF/composites embedded in mortar were measured in different humidity conditions, and shear and flexural cracks were generated through a bending test. The changes in resistance of the composite bars before and after cracking were measured and compared under dried, wet, and self-healing conditions. By detecting the increases and/or fluctuations in resistances of the composite bars, cracks in the reinforced mortar could be monitored.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abel Shiferaw Alemu, Jeong-Il Choi, Huy Hoang Nguyen, Seongcheol Choi, Jung-Il Suh, Bang Yeon Lee, Hyeong-Ki Kim
Summary: The crack healing properties of fiber-reinforced engineered cementitious composites (ECCs) were evaluated under different conditions in this study. The findings showed that the fiber content had a significant impact on permeability reduction, while the addition of a self-healing agent (SHA) and a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) did not. The SAP particles were observed to improve the self-healing properties of the ECC samples.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Joonho Seo, Jeong Eun Kim, Sang-Min Jeon, Solmoi Park, Hyeong-Ki Kim
Summary: This study provides guidelines for mixing concrete with coal bottom ash as a fine aggregate, showing that specific gravity above 2.0 and ash content below 200 kg/m(3) do not affect strength. The research also found that using pretreated ash aggregate within a w/c range of 0.35-0.50 does not significantly impact chloride penetration or carbonation depth.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Md Jihad Miah, Junjie Pei, Hyeju Kim, Jeong Gook Jang
Summary: This study assessed the impact of varying dosages and lengths of amorphous metallic fiber (AMF) on the mechanical strength, shrinkage, and pore structure of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites. The results showed that increased dosages and lengths of AMF significantly enhanced the compressive and flexural strength, reduced shrinkage, and increased porosity and voids. The carbonation-cured specimens exhibited higher mechanical strength, fewer voids, and higher shrinkage than those cured in water. The recommended combination for producing fiber-reinforced cement composites is 0.50% volume of AMF and a length of 20mm.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Daeik Jang, H. N. Yoon, Joonho Seo, Beomjoo Yang, Jeong Gook Jang, Solmoi Park
Summary: This study investigated the effects of carbonation curing on the electric heating performance of carbon nanotube (CNT)/cement composites. The results showed that the CO2 uptake levels increased with the amount of CNT, but excessive CO2 curing decreased the electrical conductivity and heating performance of the samples.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yoonjae Shin, Jeong Gook Jang, Jaesuk Choi, Goeun Jun, Chiyoung Park, G. M. Kim, Beomjoo Yang
Summary: This study aims to recycle waste sludge from artificial interior stone production as a fine aggregate for controlled low-strength material (CLSM). The physicochemical properties of the sludge were analyzed, and the material properties of sludge-containing CLSM were examined, including compressive strength, bleeding rate, water absorption, and heavy metal content. A model equation that can predict the compressive strength of CLSM was developed using genetic algorithm-based machine learning and experimental results. This research provides a novel approach to recycling waste sludge in interior stone production for CLSM, addressing both environmental concerns and waste management in the industry.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Md Jihad Miah, Huaping Ren, Suvash Chandra Paul, Adewumi John Babafemi, Raju Sharma, Jeong Gook Jang
Summary: Waste tire fine aggregate can be used as a substitute for natural aggregate in concrete, reducing aggregate consumption and promoting sustainable development. However, as the content of waste tire fine aggregate increases, the mechanical strength and splitting tensile strength of the concrete decrease.
Article
Thermodynamics
Huu-Ba Dinh, Cong-Hanh Nguyen, Hyeong-Ki Kim, Young-Sang Kim
Summary: This study investigates the thermal properties of newly developed backfill materials for an underground power cable system through different methods and finds that the prepacked concrete type has the highest thermal conductivity among the tested materials.
THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Raju Sharma, Jeong-Gook Jang, Jong-Wan Hu
Summary: The use of phase-change materials (PCM) in concrete for clean energy storage shows promise, but the interaction between PCM and concrete has negative effects on mechanical and durability properties. This study focuses on PCM type, the effect of PCM on concrete properties, and the connection between PCM concrete composite and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The use of nanomaterials and supplementary cementitious materials can compensate for the reduction in strength of PCM-containing concrete to some extent.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qi Jiang, Wei Liu, Shaopeng Wu, Xuanwen Gou
Summary: This study analyzes the erosion mechanisms of NaCl solution on asphalt concrete and finds that NaCl solution softens asphalt and promotes the intrusion of crystalline salt into it. Salt crystallization alters the surface roughness of aggregates, resulting in a decrease in skid resistance but an improvement in compressive strength. Additionally, the concentration of NaCl solution initially has no significant impact on the mechanical performance of asphalt concrete, but its domination gradually increases with the intensification of cyclic effects.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lili Kan, Lan-qing Dai, Ning Kong, Bin Peng, Fei Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of freezing and thawing cycles on the tensile behavior of cracked ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The results show that long-term freezing and thawing action deteriorates the cracking strength, tensile strength, tensile strain, and strain energy of cracked UHPC. On the other hand, the action of water generally favors the development of tensile properties of UHPC. The crack distribution tends to be unsaturated under freezing and thawing environment, and the re-hydration reaction is hindered. The pore structure near the crack varies under different environments.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xin Xiao, Jingwei Li, Qingke Meng, Xiangshan Hou, Yanhui Liu, Xujiang Wang, Wenlong Wang, Shengtao Lu, Yuzhong Li, Yanpeng Mao, Tong Li
Summary: Preparing gypsum-based self-leveling mortar (GSLM) using beta-hemihydrate gypsum and solid wastes-derived sulfoaluminate cement (WSAC) can improve the mechanical performance of the mortar, but phosphorus impurities can weaken the hydration speed and degree.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sihang Bao, Junzhen Di, Yanrong Dong, Ziqing Gao, Qing Gu, Yuanfang Zhao, Hongyu Zhai
Summary: Tailings dam break and leakage accidents pose a threat to the safety of people in mining areas and cause severe environmental pollution. This study focuses on solidifying tailing sand using microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to improve strength and fix heavy metals. The curing time of MICP bio-cemented tailings is found to significantly impact the strength of tailings, while its effect on heavy metal fixation is minimal. The optimized MICP curing time is 10 days, resulting in improved strength and cementation of tailings particles.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ferhat Benmahiddine, Fares Bennai, Achraf Charaka, Ameur El Amine Hamami, Abdelkader Tahakourt, Rafik Belarbi
Summary: This paper studied the effects of hysteresis on the hygrothermal behavior at the building scale. Through laboratory validation and numerical simulations, it was found that hysteresis has a significant impact on the relative humidity and total heat fluxes in buildings, while it does not have a noticeable effect on temperature variations.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
You Gao, Wei He, Xiayang Zhang, De'an Sun, Pei Li
Summary: This study determined the boundary line between the swelling and compression deformation zone in lateritic clay through wetting tests, and proposed a simple bimodal SWRC model. It also found that the existing strength model underestimated the tested values in the medium to high suction range, therefore a segmented strength equation was introduced for enhanced predictions of the strength properties of lateritic clay.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Prabhath Ranjan Kumar Soda, Asheer Mogal, Kalyan Chakravarthy, Nikhil Thota, Nimish Bandaru, Sanjay Kumar Shukla, K. M. Mini
Summary: This study investigates the use of encapsulated bacteria to improve the self-healing ability of concrete. Through various tests, it is found that using 20% cement-coated alginate beads (CCAB) and 5% nanosilica (NS) can achieve optimal strength and healing. This research is significant for enhancing the durability of concrete.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shizhe Wang, Haiping Wu, Wen Yang, Wei Wang, Zhibo Zhu, Kun Nie, Luoxin Wang, Hua Wang, Jing Wu
Summary: In this study, photothermal-heat storage concrete (PHSC) was developed with excellent photothermal conversion performance and heat storage capacity. By absorbing and storing solar energy during the day and releasing it at night, PHSC can effectively reduce energy consumption in buildings.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Robin Deb, Jialuo He, Geetika Mishra, Yaghoob (Amir) Farnam
Summary: Incorporation techniques of phase change materials in cementitious composites have a significant influence on thermal properties. This study investigated the thermal behavior of low-temperature PCM when subjected to varying temperature change rates and pore confinement inside the porous network of lightweight aggregates. The results showed that ramp rates affect the nucleation and crystallization growth process during the phase transition, and the pore structure of the aggregates affects the supercooling phenomenon and confinement pressure of the PCM.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Eduardo Ferreira, Payam Sotoudeh, Dagmar Svecova
Summary: This study investigates the fatigue behavior of concrete under different stress reversal conditions. The results indicate that stress reversal generally causes more severe damage and reduces the cycles to failure compared to tensile fatigue. Additionally, adding some level of compression contributes to the energy required for failure under stress reversal fatigue. Specimens with higher concentration of fractured aggregates achieve longer fatigue lives.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mag Raj Gehlot, Sandeep Shrivastava
Summary: This study evaluates the compatibility relationship between plaster bonds and the substrate under an accelerated aging environment, and finds that incorporating an appropriate amount of granite cutting waste can improve the strength parameters and adhesion of the cement mortar.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Min Zhang, Qirui Luo, Mingke Deng, Shixing Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the bond behavior between carbon FRCM composites with added short fibers and concrete substrates. The effects of different factors were considered and 36 specimens were tested and discussed. The experimental results were analyzed in terms of failure mode, load-slip curve, and characteristic parameters, and the contribution of weft yarns was taken into account in the developed bondslip model.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dengkai Liu, Hongniao Chen, Ray Kai Leung Su
Summary: The susceptibility of building stones to fire and high temperature was investigated in this study by examining their physical and mechanical properties. The results show that both compressive and tensile properties of stones are affected by temperature changes. The tensile strength is particularly sensitive to temperature changes, requiring special attention to the components subjected to tensile stress in stone buildings. Principal component analysis was used to predict the mechanical properties of stones, providing a new method for calculating the residual mechanical properties after high temperature or fire.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Joso Maria Raposo, Eduardo Cavaco, Luis Costa Neves, Eduardo Julio
Summary: This paper investigates the correlation between the friction coefficient and the surface roughness of concrete-to-concrete interfaces. Experimental tests were performed on specimens with different surface treatments, and the surface roughness parameters were analyzed and correlated with the shear strength and friction coefficient. The results showed that certain roughness parameters had a strong positive correlation with the friction coefficient, while others had little or no correlation. A novel combined roughness parameter with optimized correlation was proposed.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Riccardi, Massimo Losa
Summary: The interest in using bio materials in asphalt pavements is growing due to economic reasons and environmental benefits. This study aimed to review the use of bio extenders as additives in binders, with a focus on replacements greater than 20% of fossil binder. The properties of bio-extended binders were found to vary substantially depending on the biomass source and production process.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
