Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sarah Bierbaumer, Maren Nattermann, Luca Schulz, Reinhard Zschoche, Tobias J. Erb, Christoph K. Winkler, Matthias Tinzl, Silvia M. Glueck
Summary: Enzymatic carbon dioxide fixation is important for converting inorganic carbon from the atmosphere into organic biomass. However, the thermodynamics and utilization of CO2 make it challenging for biotechnological applications. This review provides an overview of natural CO2-fixing enzymes, discusses their applications, and suggests strategies for improving efficiency. It also explores the potential of using reduced CO2 derivates and offers a techno-economic perspective on reducing CO2 emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaoni Zhu, Hongfei Li, Jiangang Ren, Yanbin Feng, Song Xue
Summary: Enzymatic decarboxylation and carboxylation processes are promising for producing high-value compounds under mild conditions. This study developed an efficient prFMN synthesis pathway by introducing six exogenous enzymes into E. coli cells, resulting in a powerful cell catalyst named SC-6. Using SC-6, the decarboxylation activity of Fdc1 increased by over 20 times and the reversible carboxylation reaction was achieved with high carbon dioxide fixation activity. The maximum yield of cinnamic acid catalyzed by SC-6 reached 833.68±34.51 mM·mg(-1). This constructed prFMN pathway provides the basis for efficient decarboxylation and carbon fixation reactions catalyzed by prFMN-dependent enzymes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yan Fan, Sijin Wu, Jianping Shi, Xianglong Li, Yongliang Yang, Yanbin Feng, Song Xue
Summary: In this study, a V-shaped tunnel in 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid decarboxylase from Aspergillus oryzae (2,3-DHBD_Ao) was identified for substrate transportation, and it was demonstrated that the conformation of a tyrosine residue controls the entry and exit of substrate/product during reversible reactions. The direction-dependent interactions between substrate/product and the enzyme tunnel in 2,3-DHBD_Ao were clarified through mutant kinetic studies. These findings enhance the understanding of substrate/product interactions with macromolecular reversible enzymes in different reaction directions, providing a potential approach for engineering decarboxylases with higher carboxylation efficiency.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lei Sun, Yingguo Bai, Xiu Zhang, Cheng Zhou, Jie Zhang, Xiaoyun Su, Huiying Luo, Bin Yao, Yuan Wang, Tao Tu
Summary: Three recombinant GAD genes from Bacillus strains were identified and successfully expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli. Using the engineered E. coli strain as a whole-cell biocatalyst, the biosynthesis of GABA from L-Glu was achieved, showing potential for industrial production of GABA.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Zeug, Nebojsa Markovic, Cristina V. Iancu, Joanna Tripp, Mislav Oreb, Jun-yong Choe
Summary: The crystal structures of two homologous fungal decarboxylases, AGDC1 and PPP2, were reported in this study. These decarboxylases are cofactor independent and show superior performance compared to prFMN-dependent decarboxylases when heterologously expressed. The unique decarboxylation mechanism and active site organization of these enzymes suggest potential for engineering their chemistry for various biotechnological applications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chien-Hui Wu, Cheng-Di Dong, Anil Kumar Patel, Reeta Rani Singhania, Ming-Jie Yang, Huei-Rong Guo, Jen-Min Kuo
Summary: In this study, waste biomass from Lactobacillus brevis was used for in vitro GABA production by extracting and characterizing glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) with excellent activity. The purified GAD had a molecular weight of around 53 kDa and a KM value for L-glutamic acid of approximately 7.65 mM. Optimum temperature and cofactor dosage for GAD varied for crude and purified enzyme forms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Krishnaiah Kumari, Tasqeeruddin Syed, A. M. S. Krishna, Subhashini Muvvala, Annpurna Nowduri, Chidara Sridhar, Abhishek Saxena
Summary: A novel synthetic route for the total synthesis of neocosmosin B from inexpensive and commercially available starting materials was described. This synthesis strategy, which utilizes alkylation of 1,3-dithiane, Sharpless dihydroxylation, and Yamaguchi macro-lactonization as key steps, could also be useful for the synthesis of other related resorcylic acid lactones.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hanieh Yarabbi, Seyed Ali Mortazavi, Masoud Yavarmanesh, Ali Javadmanesh
Summary: This study successfully cloned the GAD gene of Enterococcus faecium DO into PET21a (+) and overexpressed it in Escherichia coli, confirming its activity at neutral pH. The recombinant GAD exhibited high specific activity at 45 degrees C and pH = 6.6, making it a strong candidate for GABA production in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Daniel Ohde, Benjamin Thomas, Paul Bubenheim, Andreas Liese
Summary: This study achieved significant improvements in thermodynamics and kinetics for the carboxylation of resorcinol by utilizing triethanolamine as a CO2 mediator, and employing quaternary amines for in situ carboxylation product removal by precipitation. It was found that CO2 and alternatively H2CO3 can act as a second substrate in this reversible enzymatic decarboxylation reaction.
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lei Wang, Wei Song, Binju Wang, Yan Zhang, Xin Xu, Jing Wu, Cong Gao, Jia Liu, Xiulai Chen, Jinghua Chen, Liming Liu
Summary: A one-pot enzymatic-chemical cascade route was developed to synthesize 2-Hydroxyacetophenone (2-HAP) with a final yield of 92.7%. The introduction of stereospecific carbonyl reductases allowed for further transformation of 2-HAP into (S)- and (R)-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol. This method shows potential for synthesizing other valuable chemicals by cascading spontaneous chemical and enzymatic reactions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chengfeng Xue, I-Son Ng
Summary: For the first time, Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) was used as a protein decoy to enhance enzyme expression and activity. By introducing new substrates and altering metabolic pathways, the growth and protein yield of the strain were further improved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kristian Ray Angelo Are, Shusuke Ohshima, Yusuke Koike, Yoshihisa Asanuma, Shogo Kashikura, Mayumi Tamura, Tomoko Matsuda
Summary: The study achieved carboxylation through enzymatic reaction under specific conditions, resulting in increased yield.
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yu Sun, Dayi Ji, Haile Ma, Xiumin Chen
Summary: This study aimed to uncover the mechanism of GABA enrichment in coffee leaves under ultrasound treatment. The results showed that ultrasound increased the activity of enzymes related to GABA synthesis and changed the microstructure of coffee leaves, accelerating the migration of glutamate into cells. Metabolomics analysis identified various metabolic pathways involved in GABA increase.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhou Chen, Run Wang, Yanyin Song, Aijin Ma, Siting Li, Yingmin Jia
Summary: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potent bioactive compound with many anti-hypertensive and anti-depressant activities. A novel pyridoxal-5-phosphate monohydrate-dependent GAD (LcGAD10s) was cloned from Latilactobacillus curvatus and expressed in E. coli. LcGAD10s exhibited high stability and efficiency in converting GABA.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Max A. Simon, Chayanid Ongpipattanakul, Satish K. Nair, Wilfred A. van der Donk
Summary: Fosfomycin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in the treatment of cystitis, is produced by both the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and soil-dwelling streptomycetes. Research has identified PsfC as the central enzyme responsible for completing the biosynthetic pathway in pseudomonads, with crystallographic studies revealing that PsfC belongs to a new class of diiron metalloenzymes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
