Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manuel Somoza, Ramon Rial, Zhen Liu, Iago F. Llovo, Rui L. Reis, Jesus Mosqueira, Juan M. Ruso
Summary: This study successfully created doped Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with magnetic properties using microfluidics and Gadolinium as a contrast agent for medical applications. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to ensure the system worked in the laminar regime and nanoparticles diffused uniformly. The biomaterials were characterized using XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, confocal Raman microscopy, and FT-IR, confirming the successful incorporation of Gadolinium. Magnetic characterization confirmed the paramagnetic behavior of the nanoparticles, showing the potential for advanced nanomaterials in theragnostic applications.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ernnie Illyani Basri, Adi Azriff Basri, Kamarul Arifin Ahmad
Summary: CFD is widely adopted in modern engineering fields as a methodology to solve complex problems. It plays a key role in developing updated designs and optimization through computational simulations, resulting in cost reduction and improved efficiency. With advances in computer sciences and the availability of high-performance hardware and software, recent CFD in biomimetics has become more accessible and practical.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Meir Teitel, Shay Ozer, Vered Mendelovich
Summary: This study presents computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results of airflow, temperature, and humidity patterns in an insect-proof screenhouse. The results showed significant differences in airflow in the upper region of the screenhouse, with large-scale rotating airflow formed in the center. The leeward section was found to be warmer and have a lower humidity ratio compared to the windward section.
BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Mechanics
Mori Mani, Andrew J. Dorgan
Summary: In this review, the increasing use of computational fluid dynamics in the aerospace industry for designing and studying aircraft is discussed. The importance of geometry, turbulence models, numerical algorithms, mesh adaptation, and design optimization is highlighted. Challenges and suggestions for investment in each area are provided. The review concludes by envisioning a future where certification by analysis and model-based design are standard practices, and emphasizing the necessary steps to lead the industry in that direction.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Xiang Shen, Dajun Yuan, Liqiang Cao, Dalong Jin, Xiangsheng Chen, Zhenfeng Gao
Summary: This study investigates the influence of environmental factors on the sealing performance of shield tail grease using indoor model tests and computational fluid dynamics simulations. The results show that increased temperature, seawater, and sand mixing weaken the sealing performance of the grease. The viscosity and length of the grease cavity have a linear positive relationship with the time of initial water leakage.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Thomas P. John, Claudio P. Fonte, Adam Kowalski, Thomas L. Rodgers
Summary: In this study, an angular momentum balance combined with computational fluid dynamics was used to correlate the power, flow, and mixer geometry of down-pumping pitched blade turbine geometries. The models developed from the results allow the prediction of power from flow (or vice versa) for different geometries, and it was found that the choice of measurement method can affect the relationship between power, flow, and impeller geometry.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kirill Mikhaylov, Stelios Rigopoulos, George Papadakis
Summary: The study combines reduced order modeling and system identification to reconstruct the temporal evolution of large-scale vortical structures behind the blades of a Rushton impeller. The results demonstrate that even using the velocity time signal from a single sensor point, the first pair of modes can be reconstructed well. Increasing the number of sensor points improves accuracy and stability, leading to better reconstruction of the second pair of POD modes. The estimator derived at Reynolds number 600 shows robustness when applied to flows at Reynolds numbers 500 and 700.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hayder A. Alhameedi, Joseph D. Smith, Paul Ani, Tanner Powley
Summary: In this study, a new air-assisted flare tip was designed to enhance waste gas mixing energy and improve flare performance. Tests showed high combustion efficiency and significant soot formation suppression, indicating the effectiveness of the new flare tip design.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Santiago Lain, Jaime H. Lozano-Parada, Javier Guzman
Summary: This study performs an unsteady numerical simulation of flow in a microfluidic oscillator and analyzes the main characteristics of the fluid flow, including velocity, pressure, and turbulent kinetic energy. The simulations provide good estimations of the operating frequency and propose geometrical modifications to alter the frequency. Additionally, a three-dimensional simulation reveals intricate coherent structures in the turbulent flow dynamics.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hao-Hsiang Hsu, Wei-Hwa Chiang, Jian-Sheng Huang
Summary: The study compared the effectiveness of stack and displacement ventilation in providing thermal comfort in an air-conditioned office building through computational fluid dynamics simulations. Displacement ventilation was found to perform better, especially with a higher ceiling, heat source, and lower inlet with cold air. Handrails near the atrium were also noted to play a crucial role in retaining cold air for a longer period, contributing to improved thermal comfort.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Avishka Wickramarachchi, Mehrdad Khamooshi, Aidan Burrell, Vincent A. Pellegrino, David M. Kaye, Shaun D. Gregory
Summary: This study investigated the impact of tip position of single-stage (SS) and multi-stage (MS) venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) drainage cannulae on the risk of thrombosis. Computational fluid dynamics was used to model flow dynamics, and several factors were measured to assess the risk of thrombosis. The results showed that the tip position of the drainage cannula had a significant impact on thrombosis risk.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hao-Hsiang Hsu, Jian-Sheng Huang
Summary: Climate change poses a significant challenge for heritage conservation. This study proposes a hierarchical strategy based on the scale of climate or weather data to improve the efficiency and sustainability of heritage conservation. The results show that wind is the key factor affecting degradation of heritage assets, and the accuracy of weather data influences the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The implementation of neighborhood and block-scale strategies can effectively mitigate the impact of wind on heritage sites.
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Jie Chen, Min Zhu, Rikui Zhang, Jingyin Li
Summary: The transient launching process of a torpedo in a deep-sea simulator is a complex problem, involving fluid-solid coupling, projectile movement, and gap flow. This study improves the accuracy of computation results by considering the complete inner structure of the launching channel and using advanced mesh update methods. The acoustic computations based on the simulated flow field provide insights into the acoustic characteristics of launching noise.
APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Victor Jorge de Oliveira Marum, Livia Bueno Reis, Felipe Silva Maffei, Shahin Ranjbarzadeh, Ivan Korkischko, Rafael dos Santos Gioria, Julio Romano Meneghini
Summary: A quasi-1D mathematical model coupled with CFD simulations of a water ejector was presented, which was used to calculate friction loss coefficients, predict efficiency, and determine operational envelope. The CFD approach was validated with experimental data, showing that the k-omega SST turbulence model is the most suitable for capturing ejector flow characteristics under different operational conditions.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hongyuan Hu, Ziqing Zhang, Binglei Li, Shulin Zhan, Yixiong Huang, Qinyao Lv, Zhenhua Hu, Yi Long
Summary: This paper uses the Shuiyindong gold mine in Guizhou as a case study to simulate and analyze the airflow and dust concentration distribution in the relevant roadway during electric-rake operation using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The simulation results show that the airflow in the working roadway has a spiral movement, and dust flows out of the working roadway from the 8th second of operation, reaching a peak at the 12th second with an average dust concentration of 37.5 mg/m3. The simulation results are validated by comparing them with actual measured data.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Daniel M. Kainz, Bastian J. Breiner, Susanna M. Frueh, Tobias Hutzenlaub, Roland Zengerle, Nils Paust
Summary: This study demonstrates a method to eliminate viscosity dependence in lateral flow tests by using centrifugal microfluidic flow control. A viscosity-independent flow rate is achieved for samples with viscosities ranging from 1.1 mPas to 24 mPas, reducing signal-intensity shifts caused by varying sample viscosity by more than 84% in a model human IgG lateral flow assay.
MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Stefan Hennig, Zhe Shu, Ludwig Gutzweiler, Peter Koltay, Felix von Stetten, Roland Zengerle, Susanna M. Frueh
Summary: A paper-based open microfluidic platform was developed for efficient protein separation and immunological analysis, demonstrating advantages in time-saving, reduced sample consumption, and improved reproducibility. This platform is particularly suitable for analyzing scarce and precious samples.
Article
Pathology
Elena Kipf, Franziska Schlenker, Nadine Borst, Marion Fillies, Renate Kirschner-Schwabe, Roland Zengerle, Cornelia Eckert, Felix von Stetten, Michael Lehnert
Summary: The authors developed personalized multiplex mediator probe PCR (MP PCR) for MRD monitoring in ALL, which can accurately quantify more MRD markers in less sample material. This helps reduce the impact of clonal tumor evolution on clinical outcomes. Additionally, they increased the multiplex level to 4-plex and met the EuroMRD requirements for reliable quantification, facilitating and accelerating MP PCR assay development for standardized personalized diagnostics.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fritz Koch, Ole Thaden, Stefan Conrad, Kevin Troendle, Gunter Finkenzeller, Roland Zengerle, Sabrina Kartmann, Stefan Zimmermann, Peter Koltay
Summary: The generation of artificial human tissue using 3D bioprinting has become an important research topic in recent years. In this study, the authors evaluate the process parameters relevant to a hybrid bioprinting process, involving the printing of thermoplastic material and a cell-laden hydrogel. Through their experiments, they determine the optimal printing temperature and filament bonding strength for successful tissue generation. They also examine the mechanical strength of the printed structures and observe that scaffolds made using the hybrid bioprinting technique show promising mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yu-Ting Kao, Silvia Calabrese, Nadine Borst, Michael Lehnert, Yu-Kai Lai, Franziska Schlenker, Peter Juelg, Roland Zengerle, Piotr Garstecki, Felix von Stetten
Summary: A novel microfluidic one-pot wash-free fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was developed for detection and quantification of bacterial load, offering simplicity, speed, and accuracy in analysis. This method is significant for quantitative analysis of bacterial load.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kevin Troendle, Guilherme Miotto, Ludovica Rizzo, Roman Pichler, Fritz Koch, Peter Koltay, Roland Zengerle, Soeren S. Lienkamp, Sabrina Kartmann, Stefan Zimmermann
Summary: We used bioprinted renal epithelial cell spheroids for toxicity testing and found that the spheroids exhibited higher sensitivity to cisplatin treatment compared to monolayers. The inhibitory concentration of the spheroids was lower than that of the monolayers. Fluorescent labeling indicated the accumulation of kidney injury molecule 1 in the central lumen of the spheroids. Additionally, we developed an automatic toxicity readout method based on deep learning that achieved a balanced accuracy of 78.7% for distinguishing between different treatment effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOPRINTING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Benita Johannsen, Desiree Baumgartner, Lena Karkossa, Nils Paust, Michal Karpisek, Nagihan Bostanci, Roland Zengerle, Konstantinos Mitsakakis
Summary: In this paper, the authors present a fully automated sample-to-answer centrifugal microfluidic cartridge that integrates a wash-free bead-based immunoassay. The system allows for simple fluidic structure and quick detection of C-reactive protein. The authors also investigate the air drying process for protein-coupled beads and propose a drying protocol. The results show that the system has good reproducibility and stability. The authors encourage further testing and implementation of this system in clinical studies and diagnostic applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Franziska Schlenker, Peter Juelg, Jan Lueddecke, Nils Paust, Roland Zengerle, Tobias Hutzenlaub
Summary: cfDNA is a promising biomarker for cancer monitoring and infectious disease diagnostics. This study presents a new concept for automated cfDNA extraction using nanobeads in a centrifugal microfluidic LabDisk. By optimizing the incubation chamber geometry, frequency, and temperature protocols, the recovery rates of cfDNA were maximized. The LabDisk showed better reproducibility and comparable allele frequencies compared to manual approaches, making it a highly attractive solution for automated liquid biopsy cfDNA extraction.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Guilherme Miotto, Kerstin Thiemann, Markus Rombach, Roland Zengerle, Sabrina Kartmann
Summary: This article presents a method based on holographic PIV/PTV for accurately measuring low flow rates in medical applications. The method is simple and can measure flow rates within the range of a few nL/min.
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-BIOMEDIZINISCHE TECHNIK
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sebastian Hin, Nils Paust, Markus Rombach, Jan Lueddecke, Mara Specht, Roland Zengerle, Konstantinos Mitsakakis
Summary: Centrifugal microfluidics enables automated molecular diagnostics, but integrating solid-phase nucleic acid extraction remains challenging. We developed a magnetophoresis technique under continuous rotation for magnetic bead-based extraction, achieving easy cartridge integration and high yield and purity of nucleic acid extraction.
Article
Cell Biology
Joshua Weygant, Fritz Koch, Katrin Adam, Kevin Troendle, Roland Zengerle, Guenter Finkenzeller, Sabrina Kartmann, Peter Koltay, Stefan Zimmermann
Summary: This study used a drop-on-demand bioprinting approach to investigate the cellular interactions between building blocks in dimensions of micrometers. It was found that a gap of 200 μm between endothelial cells (HUVECs) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) led to decreased sprouting of HUVECs towards ASCs and increased growth from ASCs towards HUVECs.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Pranshul Sardana, Mohammadreza Zolfaghari, Guilherme Miotto, Roland Zengerle, Thomas Brox, Peter Koltay, Sabrina Kartmann
Summary: The reliable dispensing of droplets in a small volume range is challenging, and it depends on factors such as liquid properties and dispenser design. This study uses convolutional neural networks to classify liquids with different rheological properties and evaluates the effects of data cleaning, sampling strategies, and training data size. The best-performing model, based on the ECOmini-18 architecture, achieves a test accuracy of 94.2% after training on 12,000 data points from two batches.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Johannes Dornhof, Viktoria Zieger, Jochen Kieninger, Daniel Frejek, Roland Zengerle, Gerald A. Urban, Sabrina Kartmann, Andreas Weltin
Summary: Three-dimensional cell agglomerates are increasingly important in biomedicine, providing in vitro models for tissue functions and having applications in cancer research. This study combines state-of-the-art bioprinting techniques with 3D cell culture monitoring, demonstrating the automation and integration of sensors and drug delivery in 3D cell culture and organ-on-chip experiments.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
J. -N. Klatt, T. J. Dinh, O. Schilling, R. Zengerle, F. Schmidt, T. Hutzenlaub, N. Paust
Summary: The study introduces a centrifugal microfluidic DesaltingDisk for improving reproducibility in sample preparation workflow for proteomic mass spectrometry, especially for applications with limited sample material. The DesaltingDisk automates all liquid handling steps required for peptide desalting, resulting in a more consistent and reliable outcome compared to manual workflows. Evaluation showed reduced variability and improved reproducibility in peptide identification and quantification when using the microfluidic disk.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ana R. Homann, Laura Niebling, Steffen Zehnle, Markus Beutler, Lubov Delamotte, Marie-Christine Rothmund, Daniel Czurratis, Klaus-Dieter Beller, Roland Zengerle, Harald Hoffmann, Nils Paust
Summary: The novel centrifugal microfluidic approach for TB diagnosis can provide fast and accurate results without the need for specialized instrumentation, showing flexibility and sensitivity in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jin Bao, Zhaoli Guo
Summary: At the equilibrium state of a two-phase fluid system, the chemical potential is constant and the velocity is zero. However, it is challenging to capture this equilibrium state accurately in numerical simulations, resulting in inconsistent thermodynamic interfacial properties and spurious velocities. Therefore, numerical schemes with well-balanced properties are preferred for simulating two-phase flows.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Brian C. Vermeire
Summary: This study presents a framework for implicit large eddy simulation (ILES) of incompressible flows by combining the entropically damped artificial compressibility (EDAC) method with the flux reconstruction (FR) approach. Experimental results demonstrate that the method is accurate and stable for low-order solutions, while higher-order solutions exhibit significantly higher accuracy and lower divergence error compared to reference direct numerical simulation.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mijian Li, Rui Wang, Xinyu Guo, Xinyu Liu, Lianzhou Wang
Summary: In this study, the flow mechanisms around wall-mounted structures were investigated using Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The impact of inflow turbulence on the flow physics, dynamic response, and hydrodynamic performance was explored. The results revealed strong interference between velocity fluctuations and the wake past the cylinder, as well as significant convection effects in the far wake region.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Donatella Passiatore, Luca Sciacovelli, Paola Cinnella, Giuseppe Pascazio
Summary: A high-order shock-capturing central finite-difference scheme is evaluated for numerical simulations of hyper-sonic high-enthalpy flows out of thermochemical equilibrium. The scheme utilizes a tenth-order accurate central-difference approximation of inviscid fluxes, along with high-order artificial dissipation and shock-capturing terms. The proposed approach demonstrates accuracy and robustness for a variety of thermochemical non-equilibrium configurations.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Philipp Bahavar, Claus Wagner
Summary: Condensation is an important aspect in flow applications, and simulating the gas phase and tracking the deposition rates of condensate droplets can capture the effects of surface droplets on the flow while reducing computational costs.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Andras Szabo, Gyorgy Paal
Summary: This paper introduces an efficient calculation method, the parabolized stability equations (PSE), for solving stability equations. By calculating LU factorization once in each marching step, the time spent on solving linear systems of equations can be significantly reduced. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in reducing the solution time for linear equations, and its applicability to similar problems.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
A. Khalifa, M. Breuer
Summary: This study evaluates a recently developed data-driven model for collision-induced agglomerate breakup in high mass loading flows. The model uses artificial neural networks to predict the post-collision behavior of agglomerates, reducing computational costs compared to coupled CFD-DEM simulations.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Chunmei Du, Maojun Li
Summary: This paper considers the bilayer shallow water wave equations in one-dimensional space and presents an invariant domain preserving DG method to avoid Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jean-Michel Tucny, Mihir Durve, Andrea Montessori, Sauro Succi
Summary: The prediction of non-equilibrium transport phenomena in disordered media is a challenging problem for conventional numerical methods. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) show potential for solving this inverse problem. In this study, PINNs were used to successfully predict the velocity field of rarefied gas flow, and AdamW was found to be the best optimizer.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Min Gao, Pascal Mossier, Claus-Dieter Munz
Summary: In recent decades, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) approach has gained popularity in dealing with fluid flows with moving boundaries. This paper presents a novel algorithm that combines the ALE finite volume (FV) and ALE discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods into a stable and efficient hybrid approach. The main challenge of this mixed ALE FV and ALE DG method is reducing the inconsistency between the two discretizations. The proposed algorithm is implemented into a loosely-coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) framework and is demonstrated through various benchmark test cases and complex scenarios.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Dawid Strzelczyk, Maciej Matyka
Summary: In this study, the numerical convergence of the Meshless Lattice Boltzmann Method (MLBM) is investigated through three benchmark tests. The results are compared to the standard Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and the analytical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation. It is found that MLBM outperforms LBM in terms of error value for the same number of nodes discretizing the domain.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Kanishka Bhattacharya, Tapan Jana, Amit Shaw, L. S. Ramachandra, Vishal Mehra
Summary: In this work, an adaptive algorithm is developed to address the issue of tensile instability in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) by adjusting the shape of the kernel function to satisfy stability conditions. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated through dispersion analysis and fluid dynamics simulations.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Luis Laguarda, Stefan Hickel
Summary: We propose several enhancements to improve the accuracy and performance of the digital filter turbulent inflow generation technique, such as introducing a more realistic correlation function and varying target length scales. Additionally, we suggest generating inflow data in parallel at a prescribed time interval to improve computational performance. Based on the results of large-eddy simulations, these enhancements have shown to be beneficial. Suppressing streamwise velocity fluctuations at the inflow leads to the fastest relaxation of pressure fluctuations. However, this approach increases the adaptation length, which can be shortened by artificially increasing the wall-normal Reynolds stresses.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Constantin Zenz, Michele Buttazzoni, Tobias Florian, Katherine Elizabeth Crespo Armijos, Rodrigo Gomez Vazquez, Gerhard Liedl, Andreas Otto
Summary: A new model for compressible multiphase flows involving sharp interfaces and phase change is presented, with a focus on the treatment of compressibility and phase change in the multiphase fluid flow model. The model's accuracy and suitability are demonstrated through comparisons with experimental observations.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Joseph O'Connor, Sylvain Laizet, Andrew Wynn, Wouter Edeling, Peter V. Coveney
Summary: This article aims to apply uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis to the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of low Reynolds number wall-bounded turbulent channel flow. By using a highly scalable DNS framework and UQ techniques, the study evaluates the influence of different numerical parameters on the simulation results without explicitly modifying the code. The findings provide guidance for numerical simulations of wall-bounded turbulent flows.
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
(2024)
