期刊
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
卷 427, 期 22, 页码 3554-3571出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.09.021
关键词
F-420; mycobacteria; flavin/deazaflavin oxidoreductase (FDOR); pyridoxamine/pyridoxine-5-phosphate oxidase (PnPOx); biliverdin reductase
资金
- Australian Research Council [DE120102673, DP130102144]
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Office of the Chief Executive Postdoctoral Fellowship
- Australian National University Higher Degree by Research PhD scholarships
- Australian Research Council [DE120102673] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
The deazaflavin cofactor F-420 enhances the persistence of mycobacteria during hypoxia, oxidative stress, and antibiotic treatment. However, the identities and functions of the mycobacterial enzymes that utilize F-420 under these conditions have yet to be resolved. In this work, we used sequence similarity networks to analyze the distribution of the largest F-420-dependent protein family in mycobacteria. We show that these enzymes are part of a larger split beta-barrel enzyme superfamily (flavin/deazaflavin oxidoreductases, FDORs) that include previously characterized pyridoxamine/pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidases and heme oxygenases. We show that these proteins variously utilize F-420, flavin mononucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and heme cofactors. Functional annotation using phylogenetic, structural, and spectroscopic methods revealed their involvement in heme degradation, biliverdin reduction, fatty acid modification, and quinone reduction. Four novel crystal structures show that plasticity in substrate binding pockets and modifications to cofactor binding motifs enabled FDORs to carry out a variety of functions. This systematic classification and analysis provides a framework for further functional analysis of the roles of FDORs in mycobacterial pathogenesis and persistence. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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