Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qifu He, Feng Gao, Shenghui Wu, Shaowen Wang, Zhiming Xu, Xuerui Xu, Tianyang Lan, Kang Zhang, Fusheng Quan
Summary: In dairy goat farming, increasing the female kid rate is economically beneficial. Alkaline incubation enriches the concentration of X-chromosome-bearing sperm, but the mechanism by which pH affects this sperm's motility remains unclear. This study revealed that the sAC/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway plays a role in influencing sperm motility, as inhibiting its protease activity resulted in decreased motility. The results suggest that alkaline dilution incubation slows down the motility of X-sperm through reduced Ca2+ entry, providing a theoretical foundation for further optimization of sex control methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jeong-Hyun Yoon, Kumju Youn, Mira Jun
Summary: Melanogenic effects of pinostrobin, a flavanone found in honey, were evaluated in this study. Pinostrobin was found to increase melanin levels and tyrosinase activity by stimulating the expression of melanogenic regulatory factors. Computational simulations also revealed the potential pharmacokinetic properties of pinostrobin. The study suggests that pinostrobin could be a potent and safe melanogenic agent for depigmentation disorders.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ranran Wang, Lulu Wei, Junaid Wazir, Li Li, Shiyu Song, Kai Lin, Wenyuan Pu, Chen Zhao, Zhonglan Su, Quan Zhao, Hongwei Wang
Summary: Curcumin improves adipose atrophy in cancer cachexia by inhibiting the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway. The study shows that curcumin protects mice with C26 tumors and cachexia from weight loss and adipose atrophy, reducing levels of free fatty acids and increasing triglyceride levels. Curcumin also ameliorates CL316243-induced adipose atrophy and inhibits hormone-mediated PKA and CREB activation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Signorile, Consiglia Pacelli, Luigi Leonardo Palese, Arcangela Santeramo, Emilio Roca, Tiziana Cocco, Domenico De Rasmo
Summary: The oxidative phosphorylation system couples electron transfer to oxygen with proton pumping to ensure ATP production. Evidence suggests that the assembly of respiratory chain complexes into supercomplexes can increase efficiency and reduce reactive oxygen species production. Complex I plays a key role in both supercomplex formation and cellular energy production. Activation of the cAMP/PKA cascade enhances supercomplex formation, electron flux, and ATP production rate, accompanied by phosphorylation of the NDUFS4 subunit of complex I.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Geun Heo, Song-Hee Lee, Ji-Dam Kim, Gyu-Hyun Lee, Jae-Min Sim, Dongjie Zhou, Jing Guo, Xiang-Shun Cui
Summary: This study investigated the function of GRP78 in porcine embryonic development and found that it affects the release of G proteins, subsequently downregulating the cAMP/PKA pathway and influencing CDK1, cyclin B, and mitochondrial function. The results suggest that inhibiting GRP78 function with HA15 treatment may have negative effects on porcine embryo quality and development.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rongyin Gao, Ximei Zhang, Kun Zou, Duo Meng, Jinpeng Lv
Summary: Recent research indicates that clock proteins, specifically the protein CRY, play a role in regulating cutaneous pigmentation. The synthetic molecule modulator KL001 was found to inhibit melanin synthesis and reduce melanocyte dendrite elongation and melanosome transport. Activation of CRY1 led to the downregulation of MITF through the cAMP/PKA pathway, resulting in the inhibition of melanogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jie Zhou, Cheng Peng, Qiuju Li, Xiaoyu Yan, Liang Yang, Mengting Li, Xiaoyu Cao, Xiaofang Xie, Dayi Chen, Chaolong Rao, Sizhou Huang, Fu Peng, Xiaoqi Pan
Summary: Aconitine exposure induces neurotoxicity and affects the dopaminergic system. Aconitine alters dopamine levels and activates the AC/cAMP/PKA pathway through dopamine receptors, disrupting intracellular calcium homeostasis and resulting in nerve cell damage.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kaili Chang, Ruqun Xue, Minglai Zhao, Yuqing Zhao, Weien Yu, Zhonghua Zhao, Xueguang Liu
Summary: The study found that activation of Notch3 signaling pathway is associated with podocyte dedifferentiation in glomerular diseases, and activation of the cAMP-PKA pathway can alleviate podocyte injury by inhibiting the Notch3 signaling pathway. The transcriptional co-activator EP300/CBP plays a crucial role in regulating the crosstalk between these two pathways and modulating the phenotypic change of podocytes.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiaocheng Huang, Chenchen Bian, Hong Ji, Shanghong Ji, Jian Sun
Summary: This study investigated the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on lipid metabolism in grass carp. It was found that DHA promotes lipolysis by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of DHA-induced lipolysis and its potential as a nutritional strategy for reducing lipid accumulation in freshwater fish.
Article
Cell Biology
Lufei Wang, Lichi Han, Peng Xue, Xiangxiang Hu, Sing-Wai Wong, Meng Deng, Henry C. Tseng, Bo-Wen Huang, Ching-Chang Ko
Summary: The study found that dopamine inhibits osteoclast differentiation through the D2R/cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. This reveals a potential mechanism for how the nervous system impacts bone remodeling and suggests future research directions for understanding bone development, repair, aging, and degenerative diseases.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Muhammad Bilal Ahmed, Abdullah A. A. Alghamdi, Salman Ul Islam, Joon-Seok Lee, Young-Sup Lee
Summary: Cancer, one of the leading causes of death globally, remains unclear in its fundamental principles. Understanding the key signaling mechanisms that cause cancer cell malignancy may help uncover new pharmaco-targets. Targeting cAMP and its effectors, crucial for tumor growth and development, may serve as a useful cancer treatment strategy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiaoyun Wu, Jie Chen, Jingjing Yue, Xinwang Ying, Ye Zhou, Xiaolong Chen, Wenzhan Tu, Xinfa Lou, Guanhu Yang, Kecheng Zhou, Songhe Jiang
Summary: Electroacupuncture promotes neuronal plasticity and suppresses SNL-induced neuropathic pain by upregulating the A2AR/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Kyung-Mi Choi, Sung-Hee Cho, Jung Hak Kim, Ae-Rhee Lilian Kim, Xiangmudong Kong, John C. Yoon
Summary: This study found abnormal adipocyte thermogenesis in cystic fibrosis (CF) mice and increased systemic energy expenditure through compensatory heat production. This suggests a new role for CFTR in the regulation of adipocyte thermogenesis.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sang-Hyun Ahn, Jung-Soo Suh, Yoon-Kwan Jang, Heon-Su Kim, Gyu-Ho Choi, Eunhye Kim, Tae-Jin Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates that the ethanol extract from Rhynchosia volubilis can protect cells against apoptosis by activating the cAMP-PKA/ERK-CREB pathway.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiahenazi Aiyasiding, Hai-Han Liao, Hong Feng, Nan Zhang, Zheng Lin, Wen Ding, Han Yan, Zi-Ying Zhou, Qi-Zhu Tang
Summary: This study revealed that LQ alleviates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and inhibits Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro via activating cAMP/PKA/LKB1/AMPKα2 signaling. These findings suggest that LQ might be a valuable adjunct to therapeutic approaches for treating pathological cardiac remodeling.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Matthias Kretschmer, Djihane Damoo, Armin Djamei, James Kronstad
Article
Microbiology
Linda C. Horianopoulos, Guanggan Hu, Melissa Caza, Kerstin Schmitt, Peter Overby, James D. Johnson, Oliver Valerius, Gerhard H. Braus, James W. Kronstad
Article
Microbiology
Gaurav Bairwa, Eddy Sanchez-Leon, Eunsoo Do, Won Hee Jung, James W. Kronstad
Review
Microbiology
Linda C. Horianopoulos, James W. Kronstad
Summary: Heat shock proteins play crucial roles in human fungal pathogens by assisting in protein folding, enhancing thermotolerance, and contributing to virulence and antifungal drug tolerance. These HSPs interact with each other to form a network that influences the elaboration of virulence factors and pathogenesis in fungal pathogens.
Article
Microbiology
Jessica Starke, Rebekka Harting, Isabel Maurus, Miriam Leonard, Rica Bremenkamp, Kai Heimel, James W. Kronstad, Gerhard H. Braus
Summary: Differentiation, growth, and virulence of the vascular plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae rely on interconnected cellular signaling cascades, including the endoplasmic reticulum-associated unfolded protein response (UPR) and the MAPK pathway. Several potential targets within these pathways can be used to control fungal growth, supporting disease management of Verticillium dahliae.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kabir Bhalla, Xianya Qu, Matthias Kretschmer, James W. Kronstad
Summary: This review summarizes recent insights into the integration of phosphate metabolism with mechanisms of fungal adaptation, highlighting the importance of phosphate sensing and regulation in fungal pathogenesis, host immune responses, and disease outcomes. New studies also provide insights into the influence of phosphate availability on interactions between fungi and other microbes, mycorrhizal and endophytic associations with plants, and connections with plant immunity. Phosphate homeostasis is emerging as an integral part of fungal metabolism and communication to support diverse lifestyles.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Guanggan Hu, Linda Horianopoulos, Eddy Sanchez-Leon, Melissa Caza, Wonhee Jung, James W. Kronstad
Summary: Monothiol glutaredoxins, including Grx4, are crucial factors in regulating iron homeostasis and play essential roles in cell proliferation, cell wall integrity, and stress responses at elevated temperatures in Cryptococcus neoformans.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Braydon Black, Christopher Lee, Linda C. Horianopoulos, Won Hee Jung, James W. Kronstad
Article
Microbiology
Donghyeun Kim, Moonyong Song, Eunsoo Do, Yoojeong Choi, James W. Kronstad, Won Hee Jung
Summary: It was found that mutants of Cryptococcus neoformans lacking vacuolar functions exhibited increased vacuolar fragmentation, and high concentrations of metal ions, elevated temperature, and treatment with antifungal drugs also led to increased vacuolar fragmentation. These results indicate that fungal vacuoles fragment in response to oxidative stress.
Article
Cell Biology
Guanggan Hu, Erik Bakkeren, Melissa Caza, Linda Horianopoulos, Eddy Sanchez-Leon, Melanie Sorensen, Wonhee Jung, James W. Kronstad
Summary: Two Vam6/Vps39/TRAP1-domain proteins, Vps3 and Vam6, support the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans on haem. Loss of Vps3 and Vam6 influences the trafficking and expression of iron uptake proteins. Loss of Vps3 or Vam6 eliminates the ability of C. neoformans to cause disease in a mouse model of cryptococcosis.
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Linda C. Horianopoulos, Christopher W. J. Lee, Kerstin Schmitt, Oliver Valerius, Guanggan Hu, Melissa Caza, Gerhard H. Braus, James W. Kronstad
Summary: This study identifies a nuclear J domain protein, Dnj4, in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans, demonstrating its role as a histone chaperone important for maintaining genome integrity and responding to DNA damage. Dnj4 regulates iron homeostasis and plays a crucial role in DNA damage response in C. neoformans. Additionally, Dnj4 functions as a conserved histone chaperone disrupting endogenous histone chaperoning machinery, suggesting its potential in understanding biological processes across different organisms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthias Kretschmer, Djihane Damoo, Sherry Sun, Christopher W. J. Lee, Daniel Croll, Harry Brumer, James Kronstad
Summary: This study reveals that combinations of organic acids and glucose can trigger late-stage phenotypes associated with the biotrophic lifestyle in the maize pathogen Ustilago maydis, including the expression of effectors and melanin formation. This response to combinations of nutrients may be a conserved feature of fungal biotrophy.
Article
Microbiology
Isabel Maurus, Miriam Leonard, Alexandra Nagel, Jessica Starke, James W. Kronstad, Rebekka Harting, Gerhard H. Braus
Summary: Verticillium dahliae, a vascular fungal pathogen, produces specific proteins in the xylem sap of the host plant, which are important for colonization of the plant vasculature and disease symptoms induction. Two hydrophobins, Vdh4 and Vdh5, were found to play specialized roles in the pathogenicity of V. dahliae against tomato plants, contributing to disease development at later colonization stages.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gustavo J. C. Freitas, Noelly Q. Ribeiro, Ludmila Gouveia-Eufrasio, Eluzia C. P. Emidio, Gabriele M. Guimaraes, Isabela C. Cesar, Tatiane A. Paixao, Jeferson B. S. Oliveira, Melissa Caza, James W. Kronstad, Daniel A. Santos
Summary: Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans are the main causes of cryptococcosis, and the current treatments for this invasive fungal infection, such as amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and fluconazole, have limitations including toxicity and antifungal resistance. This study investigated the repurposing of antimalarial drugs (ATMs) for cryptococcosis treatment and found that ATMs not only inhibited fungal growth but also induced oxidative and nitrosative stresses, and altered fungal physiology. ATMs showed synergistic effects when combined with amphotericin B, reducing its fungicidal concentrations and toxicity to macrophages. Furthermore, the combination of halofantrine or amodiaquine with amphotericin B effectively reduced the lethality and fungal burden in murine cryptococcosis. These findings provide new perspectives for the use of ATMs against cryptococcosis and other fungal infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Karen Thulasi Devendrakumar, Madeleine Goldstein, James Kronstad, Xin Li
Summary: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is a method that randomly inserts T-DNA into plant genomes, but this insertion may disrupt gene function. We report a phenomenon of reversion of intronic T-DNA mutant phenotypes, highlighting the need for caution when using such mutants and emphasizing the importance of using irreversible null mutants in genetic analysis.