Article
Mechanics
Liang Zhang, Ting Ren, Xiangchun Li, Lihai Tan
Summary: In underground mining engineering, focusing on acoustic emission (AE), damage, and cracking evolution inside coal is significant. This study conducted triaxial compressive tests on intact coal specimens while monitoring AE signals and evaluated cracking behaviors using a particle flow code. The results showed that confining pressure plays a vital role in strength, acoustic activity, crack growth, and fracture patterns within coal specimens.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
George Spackman, Louise Brown, Thomas Turner
Summary: This paper demonstrates a method for predicting the sequence of interlacing yarns in 3D woven T-joint models based on pattern draft information. By modeling the path of weft yarns and cross-sectional orientation, the final model with T-shaped profile is achieved through geometric transformation.
APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zeina Hamam, Nathalie Godin, Pascal Reynaud, Claudio Fusco, Nicolas Carrere, Aurelien Doitrand
Summary: This study investigates the acoustic emission induced by transverse cracking in carbon fiber/epoxy matrix composite laminates through experimental and numerical analysis. The influence of sensor type, specimen thickness, and ply stacking sequence is examined. The study reveals that the frequency content corresponding to the same damage mechanism varies significantly depending on the sensor and stacking sequence. However, the frequency centroid is not solely dependent on the ply thickness except for inner ply cracking. Outer ply cracking exhibits low-frequency signals that are not greatly influenced by the ply thickness, while inner ply cracking shows higher frequency content that is more dependent on the ply thickness. Experimental frequency peaks and centroids are well captured by numerical simulations for different ply thicknesses.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Minu Lee, Jaime Mata-Falcon, Walter Kaufmann
Summary: This study investigated the use of high-strength continuous fibres as knitted textile reinforcement for concrete, focusing on different knitting patterns, fibre materials, coating types, and spatial features. The experimental results showed that epoxy coated configurations with straight inlays exhibited beneficial post-cracking behavior. The study also adapted the Tension Chord Model for knitted reinforcement geometry, showing good agreement with experimental results.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Junaid Ahmed, Tonghao Zhang, Didem Ozevin, Matthew Daly
Summary: This study demonstrates a multiscale indentation-based technique to isolate dislocation and martensitic transformation sources in complex alloys, using acoustic emission analysis to fingerprint multiple active deformation mechanisms. By comparing the acoustic emission signals with microscopy and crystallographic analysis, this method provides a rapid non-destructive tool to correlate acoustic emission sources with deformation mechanisms.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
N. Reboul, M. Saidi, A. Gabor
Summary: The study investigates the tensile behavior of textile reinforced cementitious matrix composites (TRC) using acoustic emission monitoring and pattern recognition techniques. It reveals that the local behavior of TRC is reflected in acoustic activity, and AE offers valuable information about damage processes in TRC composites.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Junwei Li, Fei Xu, Tianmu Wang, Songtao Shi
Summary: This study conducted a model test of shield segment cracking to explore the cracking law and failure characteristics. The microscopic and macroscopic crack evolution process of the segment was studied using acoustic emission detection technology and crack opening displacement. The results showed that both acoustic emission and CMOD can be used as evaluation indicators of damage degree. The established segment cracking damage model effectively reflected the segment cracking degree and provided a reference for actual segment cracking assessment.
Article
Polymer Science
Abbasali Saboktakin, Fatma Kalaoglu, Mehran Shahrooz
Summary: The research explores the use of woven textiles as reinforcements in composite materials, developing a method to design the internal geometry based on the actual geometry of woven textile fabrics, and creating a user subroutine to predict damage progression and degradation under tensile loading. The modeling results demonstrate good agreement between theoretical and experimental results, showcasing a detailed model and applied subroutine in this study.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC POLYMERS AND MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Sundaramoorthy Palanisamy, Veronika Tunakova, Maros Tunak, Jiri Militky
Summary: The research and development of textile-based sensors have attracted attention recently. This study investigated the changes in electrical conductivity (EC) and electromagnetic (EM) shielding effectiveness (SE) of a knitted fabric made of metal-coated yarn during different stretching conditions. The study also explored the electromechanical properties of different types of yarns. The results showed that the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the knitted fabric is related to the contact and longitudinal resistances.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sena Tayfur, Cihat Yuksel, Ninel Alver, Oguz Akar, Ozge Andic-Cakir
Summary: This study monitored the progress of cracking due to alkali-silica reaction (ASR) using Acoustic Emission (AE) technology for 14 weeks under RILEM AAR-4 test conditions. In addition to AE monitoring during the exposure period, expansion and damage rating index (DRI) were determined at different time intervals. The study showed that DRI could identify the type and extent of cracking in either cement paste or aggregate, while AE parameters were associated with the data obtained by DRI analysis.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ke He, Chongmin Song, Robin Fell
Summary: This study presents the development of numerical simulation procedures for predicting the potential location, width and depth of transverse cracks in embankment dams, using a combination of conventional numerical and crack propagation modelling techniques.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yanlong Li, Hui Ma, Lifeng Wen, Jianpeng Yuan, Ye Zhang, Yang Li, Heng Zhou, Junhao Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of pore size distribution on concrete cracking damage using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and acoustic emission (AE) system. The results showed that as the curing age increased, the proportion of macropores decreased and the combined proportion of gel pores and transition pores increased. Additionally, the effect of the pore size distribution on concrete cracking was quantitatively described by multiple regression equations.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Shirui Zhang, Wenfang Xiao, Weiwei Jia
Summary: Understanding the failure process of brittle rocks at both macroscopic and microscopic levels is important for predicting their strength and deformation characteristics. However, studying the evolution of microcracks in these rocks is challenging due to their heterogeneity. In this study, a multiscale grain-based model was developed based on FDEM to simulate the behavior of brittle rocks at the grain scale. The model considered the actual grain size, inter-grain and intra-grain contacts, as well as local polycrystal inclusions and internal cleavage. Simulated tests, including uniaxial tensile and compression tests, were conducted based on laboratory data. The results showed that the transgranular fracture capacity played a crucial role in mesoscopic fracture simulation, and the difference in inter-grain and intra-grain tensile strength controlled the failure mechanism of rock samples under uniaxial compression. The ability of minerals to absorb elastic strain energy significantly influenced the path of microcracks and the transition from tension to shear failure mechanisms. The findings of this study provide insights into the microcrack evolution mechanism in heterogeneous rocks and a method for comprehensive analysis of crack propagation and energy evolution.
SIMULATION MODELLING PRACTICE AND THEORY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Z. Quiney, S. P. Jeffs, L. Gale, S. Pattison, M. R. Bache
Summary: This study investigates the complex damage mechanisms in SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composites subjected to thermal and mechanical stress. Acoustic emission (AE) is used as a non-destructive evaluation tool to determine the matrix cracking onset stress. Pattern recognition analysis of the AE data reveals a specific cluster of signals correlated with the initial matrix cracking region and lower than conventional onset stress values.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Bing Wang, Guodong Fang, Hongyue Wang, Jun Liang, Fuhong Dai, Songhe Meng
Summary: The study investigates the woven composite twisted structure under cantilever load using experimental and multiscale numerical methods. Uncertain geometry parameters are identified and quantified using Micro-CT scanning technology. Furthermore, statistical uncertainty quantification and propagation are integrated into the coupled Finite Element-Fast Fourier Transformation (FE-FFT) concurrent multiscale method to reveal the damage and failure mechanisms of the structure.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
M. Bodaghi, M. Mobin, D. Ban, S. Lomov, M. Nikzad
Summary: This study evaluated the surface quality of textile-like porous media fabricated by different 3D printing techniques using a 3D optical profilometer, with SLA technique producing the smoothest surface. The surface parameters of MJF samples were found to be lower than those of FDM samples, indicating a smoother surface in MJF production compared to FDM due to the different filling patterns.
MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Mesquita, Yentl Swolfs, Stepan V. Lomov, Larissa Gorbatikh
Summary: This study conducted in-situ synchrotron computed tomography (CT) tensile tests and modeling to investigate the hybrid effect in carbon-glass hybrid composites. The results showed that hybrid composites have a higher fiber break density in their carbon plies compared to non-hybrid carbon fiber composites. Fibers near a ply interface were more likely to fail, augmenting the hybrid effect.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
S. B. Sapozhnikov, S. Lomov, Y. Swolfs, V Carvelli
Summary: An experimental study was conducted to investigate the elastic and pseudo-ductile deformation processes of carbon fibre reinforced plastics with low elongation (LE) and high elongation (HE) layers. The study examined the stable elastic deformation, microdamage accumulation, and delamination of the LE and HE layers. The results showed that the quasi-isotropic hybrid laminates exhibited good performance in terms of notch sensitivity.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Mesquita, Arsen Melnikov, Ashok Rajpurohit, Vicky Singery, Phillipe Sanial, Stepan Lomov, Yentl Swolfs
Summary: UD non-crimp fabric (NCF) carbon/epoxy composites were tested to evaluate the impact of stitching on the tensile failure strain. The results showed that the stitched layers had the same failure strain as the non-stitched layers, while removing the stitches resulted in a lower failure strain.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Francisco Mesquita, Christian Breite, Stepan V. Lomov, Yentl Swolfs
Summary: This study proposed a methodology for retrieving the Weibull parameters of fiber strength using in-situ synchrotron computed tomography tensile testing. Different methods were used to estimate the parameters, and the results showed that non-linear regression had a better correlation with the observed fiber strength probability. The study also found that the strength distribution of fibers can vary within a given material batch.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Gang Zhao, Tongzhou Chen, Xiwen Xia, Yi Zhao, Cheng Liu, Xigao Jian, Shouhai Zhang, Jian Xu
Summary: This study proposes the use of electrospinning technique to produce nanofiber films on stainless-steel heating elements for resistance welding of thermoplastic composites. The presence of nanofiber films enhances the lap shear strength and fatigue life of the joints, improving their mechanical interlocking property.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
M. Alves, L. M. Martulli, M. Kerschbaum, Y. Swolfs, S. V. Lomov Sw, S. Pimenta
Summary: This work presents a novel 3D approach for the numerical modelling of TBDCs, which generates 3D orientation tensors by adding a stochastic component and predicts the failure initiation of the materials using a physically based 3D failure criterion. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach accurately predicts the mechanical properties of the materials.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Xiao Ma, Yang Chen, Modesar Shakoor, Dmytro Vasiukov, Stepan V. Lomov, Chung Hae Park
Summary: This paper focuses on the numerical implementation of phase-field models of fracture using the Fast Fourier Transform based numerical method. The influence of a simplification in the phase-field evolution equation on heterogeneous materials is assessed and a complete formulation is proposed. The assessment shows that the simplified formulation leads to artificial diffusion of damage between different components, while the complete formulation suppresses this diffusion.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Deepjyoti Dhar, Stepan V. V. Lomov, Atul Jain
Summary: In this article, the predictive abilities of two prevalent homogenization formulations, two-step Mori-Tanaka (MT-MT) and MT-Voigt, are benchmarked using virtual representative volume element (RVE) and real RVE. Both schemes have similar predictive capabilities for the effective modulus and phase average stress, but may not accurately predict the strain distribution for complex microstructures.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valter Carvelli, Stepan V. Lomov, Sergei B. Sapozhnikov, Christian Breite, Yentl Swolfs
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the fatigue behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced plastics and specifically reports the fatigue behavior of a quasi-isotropic pseudo-ductile all-carbon fiber interlayer hybrid composite. Experimental measurements and observations are conducted to study the damage development, and the results include fatigue life, stiffness evolution, and damage observations.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Radmir Karamov, Christian Breite, Stepan V. Lomov, Ivan Sergeichev, Yentl Swolfs
Summary: The study investigates the progressive development of fibre breaks in unidirectional composite materials using in situ X-ray computed tomography. By applying super-resolution (SR) using 3D deep learning techniques, the quality of low-resolution scans is enhanced for fibre break identification. The developed approach achieves automated identification of fibre breaks with an average accuracy of 82% to 92%.
Article
Polymer Science
Pei Hao, Siebe W. F. Spronk, Ruben D. B. Sevenois, Wim van Paepegem, Francisco A. Gilabert
Summary: The nonlinear behaviour of FRPC in transverse loading is mainly induced by the constituent polymer matrix, which is rate- and temperature-dependent. This paper presents a test setup to provide robust stress-strain measurements for FRPC at high strain rates. The micro- and macroscopic thermomechanical response of CF/PR520 and CF/PEEK systems are analyzed, showing excessive strain localization and discussing the differences between thermoplastic and thermoset matrices.
Article
Physics, Applied
Sergey G. G. Abaimov, Iskander S. S. Akmanov, Stepan V. V. Lomov
Summary: In the digital era, computational performance becomes crucial for the design of novel smart materials. Nanocomposites present a challenge due to the complex morphology and interactions. This study overcomes the singularity issue in thermal analysis of carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites by developing a technique based on undocumented possibilities in Abaqus software. Numerical simulations using 3D particle morphology obtained by electron tomography show close agreement with experimental measurements.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Xiao Ma, Dmytro Vasiukov, Modesar Shakoor, Stepan V. Lomov, Chung Hae Park
Summary: This paper focuses on the numerical implementation of phase-field models of fracture using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) based numerical method. The choice of regularization length in phase-field models is important for both macroscopic mechanical behavior and local crack propagation patterns. Wu's phase-field model has been successful in reducing length sensitivity for homogeneous materials, and it has also been found to be more suitable than Miehe's model for brittle failure with the introduction of an elastic stage. The sensitivity of Wu's model for heterogeneous materials has also been investigated in this study.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Babak Fazlali, Shailee Upadhyay, Sagar Ashokbhai Ashodia, Francisco Mesquita, Stepan Lomov, Valter Carvelli, Yentl Swolfs
Summary: Tensile testing of unidirectional composites often results in premature failure in the end tab region. This study investigates different conventional and novel designs to find the method that minimizes geometric discontinuity and maximizes failure strain. Finite element models are used to predict stress concentrations and optimize the geometry of the end tabs. Experimental results show that specimens with novel arrow-shaped tabs and continuous tabs yield the highest failure strain, avoiding premature failure effectively.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Xi Liu, Wei Shen, Jincun Fu, Toshiaki Natsuki, Lvtao Zhu
Summary: The 3-D carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite tubes were designed and formed using a novel braiding-winding-pultrusion processing technique. The effects of temperature environments on the mechanical responses and damage behaviors of the composite tubes were investigated, and it was found that the structural design of the tubes directly affects their axial bearing capacity.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Weihao Yuan, Ziyang Zhang, Yueshan Li, Yudong Huang, Zhengxiang Zhong, Zhen Hu
Summary: In this study, the simultaneous self-healing of matrix and interface damage of fiber-reinforced composites was achieved by integrating extrinsic self-healing based on microcapsules and internal self-healing based on coordination interaction. The high exothermic action of epoxy resin and mercaptan repair agent in the self-healing process was observed using infrared thermal imaging technology for in-situ and real-time damage detection.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Israr Ud Din, Adnan Ahmed, Farah Tarek, Wesley Cantwell, Kamran A. Khan
Summary: In this study, a finite element model driven by XCT was developed to simulate the folding characteristics of origami structures, and the results showed good agreement with experimental data. The study demonstrates the potential application of XCT-driven FE modeling in simulating foldable structures.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yishan Yang, Yukang Lai, Song Zhao, Hongguang Chen, Renshu Li, Yongjiang Wang
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of a new transparent fiber reinforced polymer material (tGFRP) with high transparency and superior mechanical properties by controlling the refractive index of epoxy resin and using a novel processing technique.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yuhang Liu, Kai Huang, Junfeng Ding, Shangyang Yu, Zhixing Li, Li Zhang, Licheng Guo
Summary: This study proposes a method for accurately predicting the penetration failure load of composites using acoustic emission (AE) data. The method includes a cyclic loading test schedule and an extrapolation method based on uncertainty. The results show that this method can accurately predict the failure load when LR equals 1.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jinxia Cai, Bing Xie, Yunliang Jiang, Jinshan Lu, Zeyu Li, Pu Mao, Mohsin Ali Marwat, Haibo Zhang
Summary: This research aims to develop ternary nanocomposites composed of polycarbonate, Al2O3 nanoparticles, and BaTiO3 nanowires for capacitive energy-storage. By optimizing the capacitor materials, the discharge energy density and efficiency have been improved, and the superiority of the ternary polymer nanocomposites for dielectric energy-storage has been validated through finite element analysis.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Hon Lam Cheung, Mohsen Mirkhalaf
Summary: The aim of this study is to develop physics-based models and establish a structure-property relationship for short fiber composites. High-fidelity full-field simulations are computationally expensive and time-consuming, so the use of artificial neural networks and transfer learning technique is proposed to solve this issue and improve modeling accuracy and efficiency.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yue Jiang, Juyoung Leem, Ashley M. Robinson, Shuai Wu, Andy H. Huynh, Dongwon Ka, Ruike Renee Zhao, Yan Xia, Xiaolin Zheng
Summary: The effect of interface engineering on the combustion and mechanical performance of high-loading B/HTPB composites was investigated in this study. It was found that both covalently bonded and nonpolar/nonpolar interfaces effectively reduced the aggregation of B particles, promoting combustion efficiency and burning rate, and enhancing the mechanical properties of the composites.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
R. Mohsenzadeh, B. H. Soudmand, A. H. Najafi, M. Fattahi, D. P. Uyen
Summary: This study examines the morphological features of nano-zeolite nanoparticles incorporated into ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposites. The dispersion of nanoparticles within the polymer matrix was improved following nano-zeolite incorporation. The size and distribution of nanoparticles were determined through tailored histograms, and the effective elastic moduli of nanocomposites were calculated, considering interfacial effects.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Chunming Ji, Jiqiang Hu, Rene Alderliesten, Jinchuan Yang, Zhengong Zhou, Yuguo Sun, Bing Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of impact damage on the fatigue behavior of CF/PEEK-titanium hybrid laminates. A fatigue life model is proposed to predict the S-N curves of the laminates based on energy dissipation approach. The energy dissipation behavior of the laminates under different experimental conditions is analyzed through post-impact fatigue tests, and the correlation between impact damage and fatigue dissipation energy is determined. The validity of the proposed model is verified through fatigue tests under different stress ratios and impact energy levels.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Shaokai Hu, Ping Han, Chao Meng, Ying Yu, Shaolong Han, Haoyu Wang, Gang Wei, Zheng Gu
Summary: This study decorates MXene on the surface of carbon fiber using different bonding interactions to improve the interface adhesion and mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers composites (CFRPs). The results demonstrate that CFRPs reinforced by CF-c-MXene show the optimal properties, with significant improvements in impact strength and interfacial shear strength compared to the unsized carbon fiber-reinforced composites.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Steven U. Mamolo, Henry A. Sodano
Summary: This study demonstrates that chlorination of ANFs and oxygen plasma treatment of carbon fibers enables the formation of a chlorinated ANF (Cl-ANF) interphase, resulting in a 79.8% increase in interfacial shear strength and a 33.7% increase in short beam strength in CFRP composites. This method provides a rapid and reliable process to improve the mechanical properties of CFRPs without degrading the tensile strength of the carbon fibers.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Yuyang Zhang, Huimin Li, Xin Liu, Yanhong Chen, Chengwei Qin, Daining Fang
Summary: Establishing a prediction model for the mechanical properties of three-dimensional tubular braided composites at different temperatures is of great significance. This study adopted a multi-scale modeling framework based on micro-computed tomography to consider the characteristics of the real yarn cross section and establish a realistic trans-scale finite element model for the composites. The predicted mechanical properties were found to be significantly affected by temperature.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Shengtao Dai, Fei Yan, Jiaming Guo, Huiru Hu, Yu Liu, Liu Liu, Yuhui Ao
Summary: This study successfully synthesized a hyperbranched waterborne polyurethane sizing agent and cellulose nanocrystal modified zinc oxide nanohybrids to improve the interface and properties of carbon fiber reinforced composites. The modified composites exhibited remarkable enhancements in mechanical properties and exceptional UV resistance.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Libera Vitiello, Martina Salzano de Luna, Veronica Ambrogi, Giovanni Filippone
Summary: The identification of the percolation threshold in short fiber composites is crucial for assessing material properties and biodegradation speed. In this study, an original rheological approach was used to estimate the percolation threshold of hemp and kenaf-based composites, which showed good agreement with conventional dielectric spectroscopy analyses.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
