Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jichong Wang, Xiongqi Peng, Zhigao Huang, Huaming Zhou
Summary: A temperature-dependent 3D anisotropic visco-hyperelastic constitutive model was developed for jute woven fabric reinforced PBS biocomposites, considering the temperature influence on the interaction between fabric reinforcement and PBS matrix. Finite element simulation of thermoforming process validated the proposed model.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Damijan Zorko, Joze Tavcar, Milan Bizjak, Roman Sturm, Zoran Bergant
Summary: The study investigated high cycle fatigue behavior of autoclave-cured carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite gears, identifying epoxy matrix microcracking as the main mechanism leading to final delamination failure. CFRP gears showed significantly improved performance and longer fatigue lifespan compared to other materials.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Tao Zheng, Licheng Guo, Ruijian Sun, Zhixing Li, Hongjun Yu
Summary: This paper investigates the compressive damage mechanisms of 3D woven composites through a coupled numerical-experimental approach, and develops a comprehensive progressive damage model capable of characterizing damage accumulations. The influence of inhomogeneous fiber initial misalignments on compressive performances is parametrically investigated, and the proposed model is validated through corresponding experiments.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Feng Xu, Jing Long, Yousong Xue, Yuanyuan Wu, Baozhong Sun, Bohong Gu
Summary: This paper investigates the impact compression behaviors of 3D angle-interlock woven composites (3DAWC) before and after thermo-oxidative ageing. The results show that the mechanical properties of the composites, including maximum stress and modulus, decrease with increasing ageing time. This degradation is caused by the degradation of epoxy resin and interface debonding. Finite element analysis reveals that ageing interfacial damage changes the crack propagation path during impact compression.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Mengran Li, Kai Liu, Jingran Ge, Junbo Xie, Zengfei Liu, Binbin Zhang, Jian Huang, Jun Liang
Summary: This paper presents a novel numerical modeling method for simulating the mechanical behaviors of three-dimensional woven fabric reinforcements. The method utilizes digital element analysis and reconstruction algorithms to generate high-fidelity solid geometric models. A digital-chain tracing method is employed to describe fiber directional orientation within torsional yarns. The proposed method is validated through finite element analysis and in-situ Micro-CT experiments. It provides accurate simulation results and has potential applications in composite design and structure optimization.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Dong-Hyeop Kim, Sang-Woo Kim, In Lee
Summary: This study evaluates the deformation of plain woven composite structures induced by the curing process. The effective material property is calculated by considering fabric parameters closely related to the material properties. The theoretical models for predicting the cure behavior and effective material property are incorporated into finite element-based three-dimensional cure simulation. The results revealed the relationship between deformation and composite yarn thickness, as well as the gap between adjacent yarns. The process-induced deformation considering fabric parameters can contribute to improving the manufacturing quality of woven composite structures.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Tao Zheng, Jinzhao Huang, Licheng Guo, Ruijian Sun, Tianlin Huang, Jindi Zhou, Fenghao Jia, Changqing Hong
Summary: This paper investigates the failure behaviors of 3D woven composites (3DWC) under biaxial tensile loadings through combined experimental and numerical approaches. The study first designs an appropriate biaxial cruciform specimen and conducts biaxial tensile experiments. The full-field strain distributions and crack morphologies of the specimens are then analyzed, and a multiscale damage model is proposed to simulate the biaxial failure behaviors of 3DWC, considering the micromechanics of failure theory.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Elena Sitnikova, Mingming Xu, Weiyi Kong, Shuguang Li
Summary: The comprehensive design feasibility for woven composites has been established by identifying the missing component in the design tool for these materials, the so-called controllable parameters. These parameters, which include tow densities, the number and size of filaments, and intra-tow fibre volume fractions, have been related to the conventional geometric parameters of woven composites. This eliminates the need for costly and unreliable measurements and allows for practical considerations and manufacturing restrictions to be involved in material design exercises.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Charles de Kergariou, Byung Chul Kim, Adam Perriman, Antoine Le Duigou, Sofiane Guessasma, Fabrizio Scarpa
Summary: This paper describes a novel voxel-based technique for modeling 3D printed continuous yarns of fiber composites. By utilizing a set of variables and an evolutionary algorithm, this technique simplifies and accelerates the design process of parts. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this modeling strategy.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
S. L. J. Millen, M. Dahale, T. Fisher, A. Samy, K. Thompson, K. Ramaswamy, C. Ralph, E. Archer, A. McIlhagger, Z. Ullah, B. G. Falzon
Summary: A novel finite element modelling approach is proposed to simulate the LVI and CAI response of 3D woven carbon/epoxy composites. The binder reinforcement is modelled with an elliptical cross-section accounting for compaction, which leads to accurate predictions of damage area and CAI strength. Experimental results show good agreement with the predictions.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Tianwei Wu, Gen Li, Yousong Xue, Zhiyong Li, Bohong Gu, Baozhong Sun
Summary: This research investigates the relationship between structural damage and electrical resistance change in carbon fiber reinforced composites and its importance in structural health monitoring. Through current injection experiments and finite element analysis, it is found that different injection methods can detect different types of damage, and a damage index system is established to evaluate the extent of damage in different damage modes.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Wei Zhou, Hui Wang, Yizhe Chen, Yaoyao Wang
Summary: An efficient simulation methodology based on truss elements was used to simulate the 3D four-directional braiding process. The approach was validated through a parametric study, which identified the effect of model input parameters on computation cost and accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Raul Munoz, Rocio Seltzer, Federido Sket, Carlos Gonzalez, Javier Llorca
Summary: This study investigates the low velocity impact behavior and energy absorption capability of a hybrid 3D woven composite made from different fibers. The experimental results reveal the material's pseudo-ductile behavior and its higher capability to absorb impact energy when the glass plies are located at the back face of the laminate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Madhura Athale, Taejoon Park, Ryan Hahnlen, Farhang Pourboghrat
Summary: This paper investigates the mechanical properties of 3D printed fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials. Through experimental characterization and finite element modeling, the effectiveness of this material as a forming tool is demonstrated, and the significant influence of anisotropy and strain rate sensitivity on its performance is discovered.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Jiajin Zhang, Wei Zhang, Shuwei Huang, Bohong Gu
Summary: This study investigated the impact damage behaviors of a 3D angle-interlock woven composite undergoing transverse impact tests at subzero temperatures. A coupled thermo-mechanical constitutive model was developed to capture the effects of increase in temperature, strain rate sensitivity, and fragmentation of the composite material. Numerical results were compared with transverse impact experiments at room and subzero temperatures to explore the damage development and temperature rise.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yi Wang, Jonathan P-H Belnoue, Dmitry S. Ivanov, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: Recent studies have found that in-plane shear behavior of prepreg material during manufacturing is influenced by deformation rate and temperature. A phenomenological viscoelastic model has been formulated to better understand this behavior.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jonathan P. -H. Belnoue, Mario A. Valverde, Maria Onoufriou, Xiaochuan (Ric) Sun, Dmitry S. Ivanov, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: The study investigates the applicability of a phenomenological model to predict the thickness evolution of various prepreg stacks, demonstrating its significance for different reinforcements and resin systems. A new physics-based interpretation of material parameters is proposed, providing an analytical expression linking thickness evolution with time, temperature and pressure cycles, resin viscosity, and geometrical characteristics of reinforcements. This contribution paves the way towards a better understanding and control of the variability and increased digitalisation in the design and manufacturing processes of composite structures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Anatoly Koptelov, Jonathan P-H Belnoue, Ioannis Georgilas, Stephen R. Hallett, Dmitry S. Ivanov
Summary: The paper emphasizes the importance of consolidation processes in composite manufacturing and discusses the impact of testing methods on material properties, suggesting two approaches to optimize material testing and experimental design.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Bing Zhang, Stephen R. Hallett, Giuliano Allegri
Summary: This paper explores a novel technique for sensing delamination in through-thickness reinforced composites using electromagnetic induction. By utilizing ferromagnetic Z-pins and coils, this method is able to avoid potential interferences from contact electrical resistances and has been demonstrated to be viable in bridging tests. The sensitivity of the magnetic-based sensing technique increases with loading rate and is capable of detecting both mode I and mode II delamination events.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Jagan Selvaraj, Luiz F. F. Kawashita, Stephen R. R. Hallett
Summary: A computationally efficient method for discrete modelling of cracks in laminated composite structures using explicit time integration is proposed. The method addresses the challenges of discrete crack modelling by employing mixed time integration or subcycling, and minimizing the impact on the surrounding stress field through nodal force balance.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Bing Zhang, Giuliano Allegri, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: This paper presents a novel numerical technique for modelling fatigue delamination growth in fibre reinforced composites. The simulation approach can describe fatigue delamination under various loading conditions. The method combines twin cohesive zone models with an artificial neural network. The application of this technique has been successfully demonstrated through verification and validation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
A. D. Cochrane, J. Serra, J. K. Lander, H. Boehm, T. Wollmann, A. Hornig, M. Gude, I. K. Partridge, S. R. Hallett
Summary: Significant research has been conducted on the small-scale failure behavior of Z-pinned composite laminates, but little work has been done on the large-scale, high strain-rate behavior of Z-pinned composites at the structural level. Small-scale testing is not sufficient to fully study the crack bridging effects of Z-pins, while full-scale testing on real components is difficult due to complex geometries and failure mechanisms. A novel cantilever soft body impact test has been developed to study the behavior of Z-pin arrays under high strain-rate conditions.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anatoly Koptelov, Jonathan P-H Belnoue, Ioannis Georgilas, Stephen R. Hallett, Dmitry S. Ivanov
Summary: This paper explores the application of a novel adaptive consolidation sensor framework for characterizing composite precursors. The framework develops real-time material-driven test programs and defines robust material models for the studied composite precursors, eliminating subjective judgement and reducing human involvement in the experimentation stage. The proposed framework and the developed data transfer/acquisition hardware setup were tested in several characterisation exercises, comparing the results with conventional deterministic characterisation tests.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mark A. Turk, Hengli Cao, Adam J. Thompson, Jonathan P-H. Belnoue, Stephen R. Hallett, Dmitry S. Ivanov
Summary: The paper discusses a method to address defects in the forming of dry engineering textiles by modifying the textile properties in certain regions. This can be achieved by integrating patches of additional materials. There is currently no established methodology to characterize these formability enhancements, so the paper proposes using a modified test to extract the shear properties of the locally enhanced material. The suggested approach is practical and proven to provide properties accurately for non-linear elastic and visco-elastic patch behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yi Wang, Sarthak Mahapatra, Jonathan P. -H. Belnoue, Dmitry S. Ivanov, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: This paper proposes a modified probe test method for measuring inter-ply and ply-tool tack, and investigates the influence of multiple factors on tack behavior in Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) manufacturing. A comprehensive modeling framework is developed and implemented as a user subroutine for a commercial finite element package. The study highlights the complexity of tack behavior and shows promise for bridging the gap between tack data/model scarcity and simulation of manufacturing processes such as AFP and forming.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Sahand Tabatabaei, Enrico Bedogni, Antonio R. Melro, Dmitry S. Ivanov, Stepan Lomov
Summary: This paper demonstrates the capability of mesh superposition based finite element models to predict the nonlinearity of composite stress-strain response under tensile and shear loading, induced by damage and matrix plasticity. A consistent elasto-plastic damage model is implemented for matrix damage simulation, while Puck's damage criterion and a continuous damage mechanics model are used for simulating intra-yarn damage initiation and propagation. The numerical simulations are validated by comparing with experimental results of a glass/epoxy laminate under tension and shear loading.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Narongkorn Krajangsawasdi, Ian Hamerton, Benjamin K. S. Woods, Dmitry S. Ivanov, Marco L. Longana
Summary: This paper explores the use of a novel discontinuous fibre reinforced thermoplastic filament called Discontinuous Aligned Fibre Filament (DcAFF) for 3D printing to produce complex structural parts. The study reshapes initial carbon fibre-poly(lactic acid) (PLA) tape into a circular filament, DcAFF, using a scalable machine designed for high production rates. The filaments are then printed using a general-purpose 3D printer. Tensile and open-hole tensile tests show that the DcAFF specimens have superior mechanical properties compared to other PLA-based 3D printed composites. The failure mechanism of the composite transitions from brittle to ductile through the printing path raster.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Tharan Gordon, Xiaodong Xu, Michael R. Wisnom, Stephen R. Hallett, Byung Chul Kim
Summary: This paper presents an experimental investigation into the effect of scarfed ply drops on the low velocity impact response of carbon/epoxy laminates. It was found that the scarfed ply drops reduced stress concentrations and prevented fibre breakage. Furthermore, laminates with scarfed ply drops exhibited less delamination and internal matrix cracking, indicating higher damage resistance compared to laminates with conventional ply drops.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Kilian Gruebler, Daniel Thomson, Nik Petrinic, Michael R. Wisnom, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: A study was conducted to examine the impact of multi-axial stress states and reinforcement type on the constitutive response of fibre reinforced epoxy polymers using both experimental and numerical methods. The study investigated the constitutive behavior of carbon and glass fibre reinforced epoxy resin under different stress states. The experiments were simulated using an enhanced non-linear material model that accurately represented the elastic and plastic behavior. The results demonstrated that the fiber reinforcement type and multi-axial stress state significantly influenced the overall constitutive response.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Pok Lam Marvin Lau, Jonathan P-H Belnoue, Stephen R. Hallett
Summary: This paper presents a novel methodology that can automatically detect and isolate individual ply information within a low-resolution composite laminate image. The method can quickly process the image and create accurate geometric models with minimal user interaction. The generated finite element models can be used for structural and strength simulations to analyze the impact of waviness defects.
COMPOSITES AND ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Rawan Aqel, Patrick Severson, Rani Elhajjar
Summary: A novel core splice joint configuration for composite sandwich structures is studied and proposed to improve the strength and toughness. Experimental and numerical efforts show that this configuration can significantly increase the ultimate strength by 13% to 51% and the toughness by 2% to 35%.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xianheng Wang, Cong Chen, Jinsong Zhang, Xinming Qiu
Summary: In this paper, a new form-finding method based on spatial elastica model (FMSE) is proposed for elastic gridshells. The method integrates the deformations of elastic rods into the overall deformation of the gridshell, and solves a set of transcendental equations using the quasi-Newton method to ensure the deformation satisfies the given boundary conditions. The method is validated through experiments and expected to have potential applications in the investigations of elastic gridshells.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Hao Huang, Zitong Guo, Zhongde Shan, Zheng Sun, Jianhua Liu, Dong Wang, Wang Wang, Jiale Liu, Chenchen Tan
Summary: The conventional evaluation of 3D braided composites' mechanical properties through numerical and experimental methodologies hinders material application due to the expenses, time constraints, and laborious efforts involved. This study establishes a multi-scale finite element model and a surrogate model for predicting the elastic properties of 3D4D rotary braided composites with voids. By optimizing a neural network model, the results are validated and provide valuable insights into the microstructure and properties of these composites.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xinyu Li, Hao Zhang, Haiyang Yang, Junrong Luo, Zhongmin Xiao, Hongshuai Lei
Summary: Due to their excellent mechanical properties and design flexibility, fluted-core composite sandwich structures have gained significant attention in aerospace and rail transit applications. This study investigated the free-vibration characteristics and optimized design of composite fluted-core sandwich cylinders through theoretical models and experimental tests.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Chao Li, Chunzheng Duan, Xiaodong Tian, Chao Wang
Summary: A mechanistic model considering the bottom edge cutting effect and the anisotropic characteristics of the material is proposed in this paper to accurately predict cutting forces. The model was validated through a series of milling experiments and can be used to predict the cutting force of various parts of the cutter and any feed direction.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Camila Sanches Schimidt, Leopoldo Pisanelli Rodrigues de Oliveira, Carlos De Marqui Jr
Summary: This work investigates the vibro-acoustic performance of graded piezoelectric metamaterial plates. The study shows that piezoelectric metamaterial plates with reconfigurable properties can provide enhanced vibration and sound power attenuation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jun Ke, Li-jie Liu, Zhen-yu Wu, Zhong-ping Le, Luo Bao, Dong-wei Luo
Summary: Compared with other green natural fibers, ramie has higher mechanical properties and lower cost. In this study, ramie and glass fiber are made into composite circular tubes. The results show that the hybrid circular tube with ramie and glass fiber has improved torsional mechanical properties and reduced weight and cost. The failure mechanisms are affected by the loading direction and the content of each fiber.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Natalia Pingaro, Gabriele Milani
Summary: This paper proposes an enhanced analytical model for predicting the behavior of FRCM samples tested under standard tensile tests. The model takes into account the interaction between fibers and matrix through the interface, and assumes different material properties at different phases. By solving a second order linear differential equation, an analytical solution can be obtained. The model is validated with experimental data and shows good predictability.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jialiang Fan, Anastasios P. Vassilopoulos, Veronique Michaud
Summary: This article investigates the effects of voids, joint geometry, and test conditions on the fracture performance of thick adhesive Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) joints. It concludes that grooved DCB joints with low void content tested at low displacement rates showed stable crack propagation without significant crack path deviation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Auwalu I. Mohammed, Kaarthikeyan Raghupathy, Osvaldo De Victoria Garcia Baltazar, Lawson Onokpasah, Roger Carvalho, Anders Mogensen, Farzaneh Hassani, James Njuguna
Summary: This study investigates the performance of composite pressure vessels under damaged and undamaged conditions, providing insights into their reliability and residual strength capabilities. The results demonstrate that the damage profile and its effect on compressive strength are similar between damaged and non-damaged cylinders. When subjected to quasi-static compression, the polyethylene liner absorbs enough elastic strain energy to recover without plastic deformation. Additionally, quasi-static compression has little to no influence on the axial strength of the cylinders. The damage characterization reveals fiber breakage, delamination, local buckling, and brooming failure. This study has direct implications for the safety design tolerances, manufacturing strategies, and operational failure conditions of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs).
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Muhammad Irfan Shirazi, Samir Khatir, Djilali Boutchicha, Magd Abdel Wahab
Summary: Structural health monitoring is important to ensure the safety of components and structures. This study proposes a method using finite element models and 1D-CNN network to extract and classify vibration responses for crack detection. The results show that the proposed approach is effective in real-time damage detection.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Maryam Mirsalehi, Kiarash Kianpour, Sharif Shahbeyk, Mohammad Bakhshi
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the one-way response of 3D-woven sandwich panels (3DWSPs) and their interfering parameters, providing interpretation of elastic and failure results, failure maps, and reliable theoretical models for linear elastic response and observed failure mechanisms.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yiming Zhao, Zhonggang Wang, Zhigang Yang, Bin Qin
Summary: The paper proposes a Ritz and statistical energy analysis (Ritz SEA) hybrid method for calculating rectangular plate acoustic vibration coupling in the mid-frequency range. This method combines the fast convergence and ability to handle arbitrary boundary conditions of the Ritz method with the power flow equation of the statistical energy analysis method. The results show that this approach effectively filters out random fluctuations in mid-frequency domains while demonstrating exceptional stability and precision.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Joao Henrique Fonseca, Woojung Jang, Dosuck Han, Naksoo Kim, Hyungyil Lee
Summary: This study addresses the enhancement of an injection-molded fiber-reinforced plastic / metal hybrid automotive structure and its plastic injection molding process through the integration of the finite element method, artificial intelligence, and evolutionary search methods. Experimental validation of finite element models, the generation of a database through orthogonal array and Latin hypercube methods, and the training of artificial neural networks are conducted. The genetic optimization algorithm is then applied to identify optimal process parameters. The results show significant reduction in product warpage and manufacturing time while maintaining structural strength, contributing to the advancement of composite automotive structures with superior quality.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Alessandro Vescovini, Carina Xiaochen Li, Javier Paz Mendez, Bo Cheng Jin, Andrea Manes, Chiara Bisagni
Summary: This paper presents a study on six single-stringer specimens manufactured using the card-sliding technique with non-crimp fabrics and adopting a Double-Double (DD) stacking sequence. The specimens were tested under compression loading conditions to investigate post-buckling and failure in aerospace structures. Experimental results and numerical simulations were compared to analyze the behavior and failure modes of the specimens. The study found promising evidence of a viable solution to optimize aeronautical structures and enhance resistance to skin-stringer separation, particularly with the use of tapered flanges.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
