Article
Infectious Diseases
Omar Antonio Alcaraz-Lopez, Susana Flores-Villalva, Omar Cortez-Hernandez, Guadalupe Vigueras-Meneses, Jacobo Carrisoza-Urbina, Alejandro Benitez-Guzman, Hugo Esquivel-Solis, Dirk Werling, Francisco J. Salguero Bodes, Martin Vordemeier, Bernardo Villarreal-Ramos, Jose A. Gutierrez-Pabello
Summary: The study found no significant difference in the resistance to mycobacteria between naïve Holstein-Friesian and Zebu cattle, but vaccinated Holstein-Friesian cattle showed a potential trend of lower pathogen numbers compared to non-vaccinated ones. Additionally, Zebu and Holstein-Friesian cattle differed in their antigen-specific IFN-gamma secretion responses to mycobacteria. However, due to the small number of animals used in the experiment, no conclusive differences in overall control of mycobacteria were observed between the two cattle breeds.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Berecha Bayissa, Asegedech Sirak, Adane Worku, Aboma Zewude, Yemisrach Zeleke, Mahlet Chanyalew, Balako Gumi, Stefan Berg, Andrew Conlan, R. Glyn Hewinson, ETHICOBOTS Consortium, James L. N. Wood, H. Martin Vordermeier, Gobena Ameni
Summary: The study in intensive dairy farms in Ethiopia found that while the efficacy of BCG was low, vaccinated calves showed reduced prevalence and severity of lesions, suggesting a potential role in containing onward transmission.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fuzhen Zhang, Shanshan Yu, Qiyao Chai, Jing Wang, Tuoya Wu, Rongmei Liu, Yi Liu, Cui Hua Liu, Yu Pang
Summary: Research has shown that TB resisters exhibit higher immune responses and lower intracellular bacterial loads upon infection, largely dependent on the specific immune factor HDAC6.
Article
Cell Biology
Thi Dung Le, Vu Son Nguyen, Chieh-Wen Lo, Duy Tung Dao, Nghia Vuong Bui, Haruko Ogawa, Kunitoshi Imai, Katsuaki Sugiura, Yoko Aida, Takeshi Haga
Summary: This study provides the first evidence that BoLA-DRB3*12:01 is associated with high PVL in Vietnamese HF crossbred cattle, which may be useful in disease control and eradiation for BLV through genetic selection.
Article
Immunology
Federico Carlos Blanco, Maria Jose Gravisaco, Maria Mercedes Bigi, Elizabeth Andrea Garcia, Cecilia Marquez, Mike McNeil, Mary Jackson, Fabiana Bigi
Summary: This study investigated the immune response of bovine cells to Mycobacterium bovis infection using an in vitro co-culture model. The results showed that only a live virulent strain of M. bovis induced an effective innate immune response, which was related to allelic variation of the early secreted protein ESAT-6 in the virulent strain.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Tesia L. Cleverley, Siri Peddineni, Jeannette Guarner, Francesca Cingolani, Pamela K. Garcia, Heather Koehler, Edward S. Mocarski, Daniel Kalman
Summary: Infections caused by MTC and NTM can lead to widespread morbidity and mortality. Imatinib mesylate may be a new therapeutic approach for mycobacterial infections, reducing lesion size and inflammation, accelerating immune response, and inhibiting granuloma formation and growth, thereby mitigating lung damage and morbidity.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
B. McClearn, L. Delaby, T. J. Gilliland, N. Galvin, C. Guy, M. Dineen, F. Coughlan, B. McCarthy
Summary: This study investigated the impact of cow genotype and parity on dry matter intake and production efficiencies in pasture-based systems. The Jersey x Holstein-Friesian cows showed the highest production efficiency, which decreased slightly when a third breed was introduced. Cows with higher parity levels had higher dry matter intake and milk yield, indicating a significant effect of parity on production efficiency.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Chai, Qinglu Wang, Bo Qin, Shengkui Wang, Youtao Wang, Muhammad Shahid, Kai Liu, Yifang Zhang, Weijie Qu
Summary: The study found a significant association between NOS2A gene polymorphisms and the risk of bTB infection in Chinese Holstein cattle. Certain genotypes were associated with susceptibility, while others were linked to resistance. Additionally, different single-nucleotide polymorphisms in NOS2A have a significant impact on the susceptibility/resistance pattern to tuberculosis.
Article
Immunology
Phillip Ssekamatte, Marjorie Nakibuule, Rose Nabatanzi, Moses Egesa, Carol Musubika, Mudarshiru Bbuye, Matthew R. Hepworth, Derek G. Doherty, Stephen Cose, Irene Andia Biraro
Summary: The study showed that patients with LTBI and T2DM, as well as T2DM patients, had slight alterations in ILC immune responses, and poor T2DM control also slightly changed these immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sefinew Alemu Mekonnen, Zegeye Alelgn, Seid Saudik, Wassie Molla, Tsegaw Fentie, Wudu Temesgen Jemberu
Summary: This study investigated the economic losses and risk factors associated with subclinical hypocalcemia (SCH) in crossbreed dairy cows in Northwestern Ethiopia. The prevalence of SCH was 20.3%, and risk factors included grazing on pasture, membership to dairy cooperative, excessive feeding, and previous experience of metritis. The economic losses associated with SCH were significant and require attention in dairy extension and health training programs.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jaka Jakob Hodnik, Marko Jankovec, Jozica Jezek, Ziga Krusic, Stefan Mitterhofer, Joze Staric
Summary: Cattle on pasture are exposed to solar UV radiation, and this study aimed to determine the minimal erythema dose (MED) required for sunburn on intact-hair-covered and shaved areas of Holstein Friesian cattle. Results showed a strong correlation between hair length and MED, with each millimeter of hair increasing the MED by 316 J/m(2).
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Agnieszka Otwinowska-Mindur, Ewa Ptak, Joanna Makulska, Olga Jarnecka
Summary: Mathematical models of lactation curves can predict milk yields and offer valuable information for breeding and management decisions. The study examined different shapes of lactation curves for milk traits using the Wilmink function and linear or squared functions. Results indicated that a nonlinear model like the Wilmink function could effectively model lactation up to 305 DIM, with linear or squared functions being more appropriate thereafter.
Article
Immunology
Jianjian Jiao, Nan Zheng, Wenjing Wei, Joy Fleming, Xingyun Wang, Zihui Li, Lili Zhang, Yi Liu, Zongde Zhang, Adong Shen, Li Chuanyou, Lijun Bi, Hongtai Zhang
Summary: The study reveals that M. tuberculosis CRISPR/Cas proteins not only act as a defensive shield against invasive nucleic acids intracellularly, but also have non-canonical extracellular roles in activating host immune responses like a virulent sword.
Review
Cell Biology
Christine M. O'Connor, Ganes C. Sen
Summary: When a host cell is infected by a viral pathogen, the interferon system will initiate attacks, accumulating antiviral proteins and protective cytokines. However, viruses often evolve mechanisms to undermine host immune responses.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohd Hatimi Tukiman, Mohd Nor Norazmi
Summary: Tuberculosis remains a major threat to global public health. This review seeks to explore the mucosal immunometabolism of resident effector cells in response to Mtb infection and how Mtb manipulates them for its survival and growth, with the aim of filling knowledge gaps and potentially contributing to future vaccination and therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Berecha Bayissa, Asegedech Sirak, Aboma Zewude, Adane Worku, Balako Gumi, Stefan Berg, R. Glyn Hewinson, James L. N. Wood, Gareth J. Jones, H. Martin Vordermeier, Gobena Ameni
Summary: Bovine tuberculosis poses challenges to intensive dairy production in Ethiopia, and vaccination with BCG could be a cost-effective control strategy. A study evaluated a DIVA skin test based on specific M. bovis proteins, showing higher sensitivity than the traditional SICCT test in differentiating infected and vaccinated cattle.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Ethics
Yemisrach Zewdie Seralegne, Cynthia Khamala Wangamati, Rosemarie D. L. C. Bernabe, Bobbie Farsides, Abraham Aseffa, Martha Zewdie
Summary: This study explores the composition of Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), training, and challenges faced in the ethics review processes by research institutions and universities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The findings indicate that while most IRB members have received training on research ethics and good clinical practice, they perceive the training to be basic. IRB members face challenges such as the need for rapid review, time pressure, non-compliance with checklists by investigators, limited expertise in reviewing certain types of research, lack of resources, and the absence of a standardized review system.
DEVELOPING WORLD BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emma N. Taylor, Jiwan Han, Congying Fan, Manfred Beckmann, Glyn Hewinson, David Rooke, Ad P. Koets, Luis A. J. Mur
Summary: In this study, longitudinal metabolomic changes in Holstein-Friesian (HF) heifers from birth to sexual maturity were assessed. The findings suggest the importance of acetic acid and 3-phenylpropionate (3-PP) in rumen development and growth, and the elevation of fatty acyls in response to post-weaning stress-induced innate immune response. This research provides valuable information for the nutrition and healthy development of heifers.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Getnet Worku, Balako Gumi, Binyam Mohammedbirhan, Musse Girma, Henok Sileshi, Michael Hailu, Amanuel Wondimu, Wondimu Ashagre, Rea Tschopp, Lauren Carruth, Gobena Ameni
Summary: This study characterized the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates in the Somali region of eastern Ethiopia. The results showed that the MTBC isolated from tuberculosis (TB) patients in this region were highly diverse, with evidence of active TB transmission. The Beijing spoligotype was isolated in relatively higher frequency, indicating the need for attention from the TB Control Program in the Somali region.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gobena Ameni, Berecha Bayissa, Aboma Zewude, Berhanu Adenew Degefa, Khaja Mohteshamuddin, Gopala Kalaiah, Meera Saeed Alkalbani, Yassir Mohammed Eltahir, Mohamed Elfatih Hamad, Markos Tibbo
Summary: Commercial dairy establishments in the United Arab Emirates are relatively young and lack epidemiological data on mastitis. This study found that the incidence rate of clinical mastitis was influenced by average monthly humidity and rainfall, but not temperature. Clinical mastitis resulted in a decrease in milk yield and economic losses for the dairy farm.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Bedaso Mammo Edao, Gobena Ameni, Stefan Berg, Muluken Tekle, Adrian M. M. Whatmore, James L. N. Wood, Andries J. J. van Tonder, Roland T. T. Ashford
Summary: This study reports the first molecular characterization of Brucella species from Ethiopia. The isolates from Ethiopia belong to lineage A, which has only been represented by strains from sub-Saharan Africa. This research expands the known diversity of Brucella species and provides a basis for further studies on the global population structure and evolutionary history of this major zoonotic pathogen.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tsegaye Shamebo, Sindew Mekesha, Muluwork Getahun, Balako Gumi, Beyene Petros, Gobena Ameni
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and evaluate associated risk factors in homeless individuals in Addis Ababa City. The results showed a higher prevalence of PTB in homeless individuals compared to the general population, highlighting the need to include them in tuberculosis control programs.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Abyot Meaza, Getu Diriba, Musse Girma, Ammanuel Wondimu, Getnet Worku, Girmay Medhin, Gobena Ameni, Balako Gumi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and drug sensitivity patterns of M. tuberculosis (MTB) strains isolated from refugees residing in Ethiopia. The results showed multiple spoligotype patterns and drug sensitivity profiles among the isolated MTB strains, with only one isolate showing multi-drug resistance (MDR-TB). These findings are important for the screening, treatment, and control of tuberculosis in refugee populations and surrounding communities in Ethiopia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TUBERCULOSIS AND OTHER MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Abyot Meaza, Bazezew Yenew, Miskir Amare, Ayinalem Alemu, Michael Hailu, Dinka Fikadu Gamtesa, Mirgissa Kaba, Girmay Medhin, Gobena Ameni, Balako Gumi
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and explore associated factors among presumptive TB refugees residing in refugee camps in Ethiopia. The results showed a high prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed PTB among refugees in Ethiopia, with significant associations with origin from South Sudan, age group of 19-38 years, and male sex. The national TB program in Ethiopia should strengthen TB prevention and control activities in refugee camps, and an active TB survey program should be implemented.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Temesgen Mohammed, Gezahegne Mamo, Aboma Zewude, Asegedech Sirak, Balako Gumi, Gobena Ameni
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of paratuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in central Ethiopia based on gross and microscopic lesions. The results indicated the occurrence of paratuberculosis in the cattle population and could serve as baseline information for future studies on the epidemiology and economic significance of the disease.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hilina Mollalign, Muluwork Getahun, Getu Diriba, Ayinalem Alemu, Dawit Chala, Begna Tulu, Gobena Ameni
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex causing childhood pulmonary tuberculosis and evaluate drug sensitivity patterns. The majority of isolates belonged to the Euro-American lineage, and drug resistance was low. A large-scale prospective study is recommended to fully understand the molecular epidemiology of MTBC lineages in children.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ndungu S. Nyokabi, Stefan Berg, Adane Mihret, Gizat Almaw, Gizachew Gemechu Worku, Johanna F. Lindahl, James L. N. Wood, Henrietta L. Moore
Summary: Dairy production is vital for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia, but livestock diseases hinder its development. A survey in Addis Ababa and Oromia regions found low adoption rates of biosecurity measures (BSM) in dairy farms, increasing the risk of disease transmission. Adoption of BSM is influenced by various factors, including education and farming experience.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sosina Ayalew, Getinet Habtamu, Fantanesh Melese, Bamlak Tessema, Roland T. Ashford, Shubhada K. Chothe, Abraham Aseffa, James L. N. Wood, Stefan Berg, Adane Mihret
Summary: The study found a higher proportion of TB patients in central Ethiopia being caused by M. bovis, with 2.4% of cultured positive cases attributed to this pathogen. Patients with M. bovis infection are more likely to have poorer treatment outcomes, highlighting the need for targeted treatment strategies.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yinghao Wu, Guangzhi Zhang, Hui Jiang, Ting Xin, Li Jia, Yichen Zhang, Yifei Yang, Tong Qin, Chuang Xu, Jie Cao, Gobena Ameni, Arfan Ahmad, Jiabo Ding, Limin Li, Yuzhong Ma, Xuezheng Fan
Summary: This study isolated and identified nine strains of BVDV from persistently infected cattle in China. The phylogenetic analysis showed that these new isolates were classified as the BVDV-1b subgenotype, sharing high homology with the CP7 strain. In addition, some genome variations and unique amino acid mutations were found in these new isolates. Further research on the virulence and pathogenesis of these new strains is recommended.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Abdella Gemechu, Adane Mihret, Fekadu Alemu Atire, Abraham Aseffa, Rawleigh Howe, Berhanu Seyoum, Andargachew Mulu
Summary: This study aimed to identify baseline factors associated with virological non-suppression in Ethiopia. The study included newly diagnosed people living with HIV and collected data using a questionnaire and a checklist. The findings showed that age ≥30 years, a history of substance use, and a viral load greater than 4-log10 copies/mL were baseline predictors of virological non-suppression. The study recommended targeted interventions, baseline viral load testing, and efforts to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
V. Sharma, P. Kaur, R. S. Aulakh, R. Sharma, R. Verma, B. B. Singh
Summary: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis that affects animals and people in the underdeveloped world. This study aimed to isolate and identify Brucella species from faeces of sero positive cattle in Punjab, India. Fourteen Brucella species were isolated, with 11 identified as Brucella abortus and 3 identified as Brucella melitensis. The study highlights the potential risk of animal faeces for animal and human health and emphasizes the need for careful handling of faeces from seropositive cattle.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yilei Zhang, Guojun Chen, Siyi Zhou, Lingru He, Olalekan Opeyemi Ayanniyi, Qianming Xu, Zhenyu Yue, Congshan Yang
Summary: The development of the Animal Parasitic Diseases and Drugs Database (APDDD) provides a comprehensive and intuitive tool for studying animal parasitic diseases and antiparasitic drugs, allowing users to understand the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and targeted genes more effectively.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Arthur Nery Finatto, Sulove Koirala, Fernanda Luiza Facioli, Jessica Aparecida Barbosa, Roman Nosach, Matheus de Oliveira Costa
Summary: The study revealed that Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus rapidly disseminated in various organs of pigs following oronasal inoculation, with tonsil samples consistently harboring the pathogen throughout the study period. The varying bacterial loads in mesenteric lymph nodes indicated persistence, replication, and a potential source for shedding.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
