Article
Plant Sciences
Vladimir A. Lukhtanov, Alexander Dantchenkou
Summary: This study used chromosomal and DNA-barcode markers to investigate the taxonomic relationships within the Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) damone (Eversmann, 1841) species complex, revealing a new subspecies and six diverged clusters based on mitochondrial gene COI analysis with distinct morphological features. The findings suggest chromosomal stasis in this complex and provide insights into the genetic and morphological diversity within the group.
COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Vladimir A. Lukhtanov, Nazar A. Shapoval, Alexander V. Dantchenko, Wolfgang Eckweiler
Summary: The study analyzed the partitioning of species groups in the butterfly subgenus Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) using three datasets. It was found that the DNA barcoding approach alone was not able to reveal the phylogenetic structure, but the combined analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences was successful in identifying species groups.
Article
Ecology
Magnolia W. Morelli, Heath Blackmon, Carl E. Hjelmen
Summary: Karyotypes and chromosome data have been widely used in biology, but are often scattered and difficult to access. Researchers have built two datasets for true flies, providing a public database resource for exploring karyotypes.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Phuong T. N. Hoang, Joerg Fuchs, Veit Schubert, Tram B. N. Tran, Ingo Schubert
Summary: Chromosome sets and genome sizes are stable for distinct species and provide essential cues for taxonomy and phylogenetic relationship studies. This study presents a survey on chromosome counts and genome size measurement for all 36 duckweed species, discussing their evolutionary impact and peculiarities in duckweeds.
Article
Biology
Jeno Kaldy, Eszter Patakine Varkonyi, Georgina Lea Fazekas, Zoltan Nagy, Zsuzsanna J. Sandor, Katalin Bogar, Gyula Kovacs, Mariann Molnar, Bence Lazar, Katalin Goda, Zsuzsanna Gyoengy, Zsuzsanna Ritter, Peter Nanasi, Akos Horvath, Uros Ljubobratovic
Summary: The study investigated the effects of different magnitudes of hydrostatic pressure on the ploidy of pikeperch larvae. It was found that 7000 PSI shock treatment resulted in diploid, triploid, and mosaic individuals, while 8000 and 9000 PSI treatments only led to triploid and mosaic individuals. The research also demonstrated the induction of haplo-triploid karyotype by hydrostatic pressure shock for the first time in teleost fish, supporting the suitability of pressure treatment for triploid induction in pikeperch.
Article
Plant Sciences
Bokyung Choi, Geun-Hye Gang, Hyeonjin Kim, Hyejoo Byun, Minyeong Kwak, Soonku So, Hyeon-Ho Myeong, Tae-Soo Jang
Summary: The study investigated the chromosome number, karyotype, and genome size of the Korean lady's slipper orchid, finding that the species is diploid with 2n = 22 and x = 11 as the base chromosome number. The karyotypes were similar among individuals and differentiated the Korean population from the Japanese lady's slipper orchid. Results were consistent with Korean populations being more closely related to Chinese populations than Japanese populations, aiding in the discrimination of Eastern Asian lady's slipper orchid species.
Article
Agronomy
Karla Fabiola Yescas-Romo, Francisco Elizandro Molina-Freaner, Francisca Ramirez-Godina, M. Humberto Reyes-Valdes, Octavio Martinez, Corina Hayano-Kanashiro
Summary: This study analyzed the seed morphology and karyotype of the endangered wild cotton species Gossypium turneri Fryxell from Sonora, Mexico, revealing its nonuniform oval-shaped seeds and 26 chromosomes. These important biological traits could be considered in future studies to improve the cultivated cotton.
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alcimara dos Santos Guimaraes, Luan Aercio Melo Maciel, Mendelshon Fujiie Belem de Souza, Luis Reginaldo Ribeiro Rodrigues
Summary: Pterygoplichthys pardalis, an armored catfish native to South America, is an important resource for the ornamental fish industry. Recently, exotic populations of this species have been introduced into rivers on five continents. However, there is limited genetic research on P. pardalis. This study analyzed the karyotype and mitochondrial gene variation of P. pardalis from the Amazon River. The results revealed genetic divergence and four haplotypes, providing valuable information for species management and aquaculture.
Article
Plant Sciences
Amalia Ibiapino, Miguel A. Garcia, Bruno Amorim, Mariana Baez, Mihai Costea, Sasa Stefanovic, Andrea Pedrosa-Harand
Summary: Karyotypes of Cuscuta plants exhibit high diversity in terms of chromosome number and genome size. The prevalent evolutionary processes in this genus include genome duplications and dysploidy. The expansion of genome size in Cuscuta may be associated with its parasitic lifestyle. The position of rDNA sites varies, especially in species with multiple sites in the same karyotype.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Magdalena Senderowicz, Teresa Nowak, Magdalena Rojek-Jelonek, Maciej Bisaga, Laszlo Papp, Hanna Weiss-Schneeweiss, Bozena Kolano
Summary: The study on the evolution of karyotype and genome size in Crepis species revealed the presence of different base chromosome numbers and recurrent origins in different lineages. The increase in karyotype asymmetry accompanied karyotype evolution. The significant variation in genome sizes suggests that, besides changes in chromosome numbers, the amplification/elimination of repetitive DNAs may have played a role in genome and taxa differentiation within the genus.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ricardo Micolino, Brenda Carla Lima Baldez, Andres F. Sanchez-Restrepo, Luis Calcaterra, Maykon Passos Cristiano, Danon Clemes Cardoso
Summary: This study analyzed the cytogenetic characteristics of two sister species in the Amoimyrmex genus and found that they have similar karyotypes, but show variation at the microsatellite level. The results suggest that these two species are relatively recent divergences and are unmistakably sisters due to their shared characteristics, including highly conserved karyotypes.
Article
Horticulture
Wenwen Li, Liqiang Liu, Weiquan Zhou, Yanan Wang, Xiang Ding, Guoquan Fan, Shikui Zhang, Kang Liao
Summary: The present study analyzed the karyotypic characteristics and genetic relationships of apricot accessions from different ecological groups, finding that all accessions were diploid with specific chromosome characteristics. The most valuable parameters for karyotype analysis were the long-arm/short-arm ratio and the karyotype symmetry index. Additionally, cluster analysis revealed a close relationship between the accessions from the Central Asian ecological group and Dzhungar-Ili ecological group in terms of karyotypic characteristics.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
John E. Bowers, Andrew H. Paterson
Summary: Polyploidy is common in plants and can lead to extinction or evolutionary success. Genome duplication may not always result in exponential increase in chromosome number. In isolated subpopulations, loss of gene copies can create incompatibilities and reduce fitness, limiting genetic exchange and species fitness.
Article
Agronomy
Padmaja Patel, Subrat Kumar Dehery, Satya Narayan Jena, Chinmay Pradhan, Anath Bandhu Das
Summary: This research reports the cytogenetic and genome size variation of Indian Squill. Different ploidy levels, including diploid, tetraploid, and aneuploid, were observed in different ecotypes. The findings have important implications for breeding improvement, extraction of therapeutic phytoconstituents, and taxonomic identification of the species.
GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas D. Brekke, Alexander S. T. Papadopulos, Eva Julia, Oscar Fornas, Beiyuan Fu, Fengtang Yang, Roberto de la Fuente, Jesus Page, Tobias Baril, Alexander Hayward, John F. Mulley
Summary: Chromosome-scale genome assemblies using ultralong-read sequencing technologies reveal fine-scale centromere structure and large-scale variation in genome features. A new chromosome-scale genome of the Mongolian gerbil with complete centromere sequence is presented. Gerbil centromeres consist of four different repeats of various lengths in alternating arrays, spanning 1-6 Mb. The study highlights the importance of karyotypic features in genome interpretation and uncovers novel patterns in chromosome evolution.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Anatoly Krupitsky, Nazar A. Shapoval, Dmitry M. Schepetov, Irina A. Ekimova, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
Summary: The study examined the taxonomical classification and distribution of the genus Tomares, revealing an African and an Asian lineage with new proposed species names. The origin of Tomares was estimated to be between the early Oligocene and the early Miocene, with differentiation occurring in response to aridification and habitat fragmentation. The Asian lineage of Tomares underwent differentiation in southwest Asia during the late Miocene and Pleistocene periods, coinciding with the evolution of host plants of the genus Astragalus (Fabaceae).
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Sergii G. Karnaukh, Oleg E. Markov, Volodymyr V. Kukhar, Alexander A. Shapoval
Summary: This research aims to improve the quality of workpieces obtained through breaking rolled stock products by studying the separation process under dynamic and static-dynamic loading. The experimental results confirm the adequacy of the mathematical model, and it is determined that the magnitude of the preliminary static force should be at least 40% of the force at which the specimen is broken down.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yurii Kovtun, Vladimir E. Moiseenk, Alexei Lozin, Rostislav O. Pavlichenko, Anatolii N. Shapoval, Liudmila Grigor'eva, Demian Baron, Mykhailo M. Kozulya, Sergii M. Maznichenko, Valerii B. Korovin, Egor D. Kramskoy, Mykola Zamanov, Yevgen Siusko, Aleksandr Yu Krasiuk, Vladislav S. Romanov, Igor E. Garkusha, Tom Wauters, Arturo Alonso, Rudolf Brakel, Andreas Dinklage, Dirk Hartmann, Yevgen Kazakov, Heinrich Laqua, Samuel Lazerson, Josef Ongena, Henning Thomsen, Golo Fuchert, Torsten Stange, Shuji Kamio
Summary: The results of plasma start-up with ICRH in RF discharges of U-2 M using a controlled gas H-2 concentration in an H-2 + He mixture are presented. The experimental setup included a W7-X-like ICRH antenna, and high-density plasma production was observed at relatively low pressures.
PLASMA AND FUSION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Christina Nokkala, Valentina G. Kuznetsova, Nazar A. Shapoval, Seppo Nokkala
Summary: This study revealed the phylogeographic pattern of the parthenogenetic psyllid Cacopsylla myrtilli by sequencing a fragment of the COI gene. The main haplotypes H1 and H2 originated from refugia, while derived haplotypes emerged after the postglacial recolonization. The highest genetic diversity was observed in southern Norway and northwest Russia.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Peter J. C. Russell, James E. Pateman, Anastasia Gagarina, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
Summary: Melitaea klili Benyamini, 2021, a newly described species from Israel, was found to be closely related to M. telona Fruhstorfer, 1908, but with differences in phenology, ecological preferences and geographical distribution. Through genetic, morphological and behavioral examinations, M. klili is synonymized with M. telona as they share identical COI barcodes and have minimal morphological differences. The analysis also suggests that M. ornata and M. telona represent two lineages with an intermediate and debatable taxonomic status.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Elena A. Pazhenkova, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
Summary: Butterfly chromosomes lacking localized centromeres can rapidly evolve through fissions and fusions, leading to karyotypic changes. However, the mechanisms of butterfly genome evolution are poorly understood. This study analyzed chromosome-scale genome assemblies and identified structural rearrangements in satyrine butterfly species, showing high levels of chromosomal similarity and inversions between species. The study also observed chromosomal fusions in Erebia aethiops, resulting in a neo-Z chromosome. The researchers argue that not only fusions/fissions but also inversions play a role in the speciation process driven by holocentric chromosomes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Adamenko, V. Novikov, V. Levchenko, V. Prokopenko, A. Shapoval, A. Pashchenko, V. Petukhov, I. Shapoval
Summary: The paper presents the experimental results of energy fluxes released during the diode target blow-up initiated by a high-current relativistic electron beam. The energy required for the observed deformation of diode structural elements is estimated based on the explosion products of the target. Measurements and modeling also show that the energy release during the target explosion exceeds the energy input.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Anatoly Krupitsky, Nazar Shapoval, Galina Shapoval
Summary: We performed a phylogenetic analysis of Palaearctic elfin butterflies based on a mitochondrial gene. The analysis revealed that the previously recognized genera are not monophyletic. Additionally, we discovered and described four new species from Northeast Vietnam. This study provides the first phylogenetic analysis for 12 Palaearctic elfin butterfly species.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Vladimir A. Lukhtanov, Elena A. Pazhenkova
Summary: The telomerase mechanism and telomeric motifs are important for maintaining chromosome integrity and are conserved in eukaryotic organisms. Telomeric motifs, such as TTAGG, have persisted for hundreds of millions of years in most insects and other arthropods. However, bursts of high diversity in telomeric motifs have been observed in certain bugs and bees, which is hypothesized to be maintained by a balance between telomerase-dependent machinery and telomerase-independent mechanisms like retrotransposon insertions.
BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Yu. Kovtun, V. E. Moiseenko, A. Lozin, M. M. Kozulya, R. O. Pavlichenko, N. Zamanov, A. N. Shapoval, V. N. Bondarenko, D. I. Baron, S. M. Maznichenko, V. B. Korovin, E. D. Kramskoy, Y. Siusko, V. S. Romanov, Yu. P. Martseniuk, A. Yu Krasiuk, V. M. Listopad, I. E. Garkusha, A. Alonso, A. Dinklage, D. Hartmann, Ye Kazakov, H. Laqua, J. Ongena, T. Stange, T. Wauters
Summary: This paper summarizes previous research findings and introduces new studies on ICRF plasma creation in both pure gases and gas mixtures. In all experiments, the two-strap antenna operated in monopole phasing with an applied RF power of around 100 kW. The research on plasma creation was conducted at RF frequencies close to the fundamental hydrogen cyclotron harmonic.
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Vladimir A. Lukhtanov, Nazar A. Shapoval, Alexander V. Dantchenko, Wolfgang Eckweiler
Summary: The study analyzed the partitioning of species groups in the butterfly subgenus Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) using three datasets. It was found that the DNA barcoding approach alone was not able to reveal the phylogenetic structure, but the combined analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear sequences was successful in identifying species groups.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yurii Kovtun, Vladimir E. Moiseenko, Shuji Kamio, Hiroshi Kasahara, Tetsuo Seki, Kenji Saito, Ryosuke Seki, Alexei Lozin, Rostislav O. Pavlichenko, Anatolii N. Shapoval, Igor E. Garkusha, Arturo Alonso, Andreas Dinklage, Dirk Hartmann, Yevgen O. Kazakov, Heinrich Laqua, Josef Ongena, Torsten Stange, Tom Wauters
Summary: This report compares the results of ion-cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) plasma production at hydrogen minority regime in Uragan-2M (U-2M) and Large Helical Device (LHD). The scenario is successful at both machines and weakly sensitive to the variation of the hydrogen concentration in the H2+He gas mixture. The experiments made are the base for the proposal for usage this scenario for plasma production in ICRF at Wendelstein 7-X at magnetic field reduced to 1.7 T.
PLASMA AND FUSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena A. Pazhenkova, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
Summary: Through comparative analysis of genome assemblies, this study examines the evolutionary processes of chromosome reorganization in blue butterflies. The findings suggest that chromosome number conservation is characterized by stable autosomes and dynamic evolution of the sex chromosome Z, resulting in multiple variants of NeoZ chromosomes. On the other hand, rapid chromosomal evolution mainly occurs through chromosomal fissions. The study also explores the non-randomness of chromosomal megaevolution and proposes triggers for the rapid increase in chromosome number.
CHROMOSOME RESEARCH
(2023)