Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sumedha Gunewardena, Ian Huck, Chad Walesky, Dakota Robarts, Steven Weinman, Udayan Apte
Summary: This study demonstrates that loss of HNF4 alpha activity is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Analysis of multiple datasets reveals a progressive reduction in HNF4 alpha activity with disease progression, associated with Child-Pugh class, decompensation, incidence of HCC, inflammatory changes, and survival.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sarah H. H. Radi, Kiranmayi Vemuri, Jose Martinez-Lomeli, Frances M. M. Sladek
Summary: Since the purification and cloning of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 (HNF4a) more than 30 years ago, we have gained considerable insight into its role in liver function through its target genes and mouse experiments. HNF4a is a key player in lipid and glucose metabolism, and it intersects with diabetes, circadian rhythms, and liver cancer, although further research is needed to fully understand these interactions. While the isoforms expressed from its two promoters are being elucidated, little is known about the alternatively spliced variants in other regions of the protein and their impact on the 1000-plus HNF4a target genes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Cui Liu, Anjana M. Palihawadana, Nimalan Nadanasabesan, Ghana K. Vasanth, Ioannis N. Vatsos, Jorge Dias, Luisa M. P. Valente, Giulia Micallef, Mette Sorensen, Viswanath Kiron
Summary: This study explores the efficacy of using microalgae as a feed ingredient for fish and validates the results through both a laboratory study and a farm trial. The findings suggest that microalgae can slightly increase the deposition of n-3 fatty acids, EPA, and DHA in Atlantic salmon. Additionally, the pre-treatment of microalgae using extrusion shows positive effects on fish growth, digestibility, and feed utilization efficiency.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Baharan Fekry, Aleix Ribas-Latre, Rachel Van Drunen, Rafael Bravo Santos, Samay Shivshankar, Yulin Dai, Zhongming Zhao, Seung-Hee Yoo, Zheng Chen, Kai Sun, Frances M. Sladek, Mamoun Younes, Kristin Eckel-Mahan
Summary: This study reveals the antagonistic effects of HNF4 alpha and BMAL1 in liver disease and HCC. Simultaneous loss of HNF4 alpha and BMAL1 protects against fatty liver and HCC. Furthermore, targeting BMAL1 expression in the absence of HNF4 alpha inhibits HCC growth and progression.
Article
Biology
Alice Shwe, Aleksei Krasnov, Tina Visnovska, Sigmund Ramberg, Tone-Kari K. Ostbye, Rune Andreassen
Summary: This study characterizes the expression of miRNAs in the liver of Atlantic salmon during the smoltification process and identifies potential target genes involved in important physiological processes such as energy metabolism, protein metabolism, circadian rhythm, stress response, and immune system regulation. The findings suggest that miRNAs play a crucial role in regulating the changes that occur during smoltification, and further functional assays are needed to validate the predicted target genes.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
O. Gervais, A. Barria, A. Papadopoulou, R. L. Gratacap, B. Hillestad, A. E. Tinch, S. A. M. Martin, D. Robledo, R. D. Houston
Summary: The study found that the heritability of ISAV resistance is moderate with a polygenic architecture, but a significant quantitative trait locus was detected on chromosome 13. A mild up-regulation of the interferon pathway characterizes the response to the virus in heart samples from this population of Atlantic salmon, and candidate genes showing differential expression between samples with high and low breeding values for resistance were identified.
Article
Biology
Debora Torrealba, Byron Morales-Lange, Victoriano Mulero, Anti Vasemagi, Luis Mercado, Jose Gallardo-Matus
Summary: This study estimated the heritabilities of three key proteins associated with the innate immunity and resistance of Atlantic salmon against sea lice. It found that susceptible fish had higher levels of Nkef and Tnf alpha in their gills and skin, while resistant fish had higher levels of Il-8 in their gills. The heritabilities of Nkef and Tnf alpha were moderate to high, while the heritability of Il-8 was low.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiang Liu, Xiaohua Lei, Zhenyu Cao, Ju Zhang, Likun Yan, Jie Fu, Qing Tong, Wei Qin, Yaoli Shao, Chun Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Zicheng Wang, Yuan Chu, Ge Xu, Siyuan Liu, Xueyi Wen, Hirofumi Yamamoto, Masaki Mori, Xin M. Liang, Xundi Xu
Summary: The study suggests that TRPM8 may have a protective effect against fibrosis by combating inflammation, cholangiopathies, and fibrosis progression through the S100A9-HNF4 alpha signaling pathway. TRPM8 deficiency in mice showed reduced inflammation and fibrosis progression, as well as alleviation of symptoms related to cholangiopathies.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thu Thi Minh Vo, Tuan Viet Nguyen, Gianluca Amoroso, Tomer Ventura, Abigail Elizur
Summary: The reduction in flesh pigmentation of farmed Atlantic salmon was investigated using RNA sequencing. Differential gene expression analysis between different flesh color phenotypes revealed associations with metal ion transport, oxidation-reduction processes, immune responses, and lipid metabolism. The study compared two library preparation methods and found similarities in the trend of differentially expressed genes validated by qPCR.
Review
Oncology
Aamir Salam Teeli, Kamila Luczynska, Effi Haque, Mohmmad Abrar Gayas, Dawid Winiarczyk, Hiroaki Taniguchi
Summary: Liver cancer is a deadly disease with hotspot mutations in HNF4 alpha and HNF1 alpha. These transcription factors play crucial roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and have been identified as important therapeutic targets in liver cancer treatment. Their dysregulation can lead to tumorigenesis and personalized medicine approaches are being developed to target them for liver cancer therapy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sandra Tobon-Cornejo, Ariana Vargas-Castillo, Alekxa Leyva-Martinez, Victor Ortiz, Lilia G. Noriega, Laura A. Velazquez-Villegas, Gabriela Aleman, Janette Furosawa-Carballeda, Nimbe Torres, Armando R. Tovar
Summary: The study found that PPARα plays a key role in inhibiting the activity of HNF4α, thereby affecting liver amino acid catabolism. This regulatory process is influenced by the amount of protein intake and is controlled by RXRα.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Bjarne Hatlen, Thomas Larsson, Tone-Kari Ostbye, Odd Helge Romarheim, Laura Martinez Rubio, Bente Ruyter
Summary: New research suggests that high n-3 VLC-PUFA canola oil can be an effective and safe source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and other n-3 PUFA for sustainable salmon farming. Including high n-3 canola oil in the diet of Atlantic salmon improves fillet pigmentation and reduces fillet melanin spots without compromising fish growth.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Thu Thi Minh Vo, Trong Duc Tran, Gianluca Amoroso, Tomer Ventura, Abigail Elizur
Summary: Tasmanian-farmed Atlantic salmon populations experience reduced growth rate and flesh pigmentation in response to elevated summer temperatures. The study found a correlation between carotenoids and fatty acids in different tissues, with reduced flesh pigmentation linked to lower levels of carotenoids and evidence of a connection between carotenoid and fatty acid metabolic processes. These findings suggest that the impact of varying levels of starvation on fatty acids and carotenoid profiles may contribute to the observed effects.
Article
Immunology
Nicole C. Smith, Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan, Surendra Kumar, Nardos T. Woldemariam, Rune Andreassen, Sherri L. Christian, Matthew L. Rise
Summary: The study found that without exogenous factors, the adherent head kidney leukocyte population in vitro can differentiate into macrophage-like cells, accompanied by substantial changes in the transcriptome, including alterations in gene expression related to macrophage development and function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
T. Ytrestoyl, M. Bou, C. Dimitriou, G. M. Berge, T. -K. Ostbye, B. Ruyter
Summary: Atlantic salmon with different levels of EPA and DHA in their diets were studied on their fillet concentrations of astaxanthin and its metabolite idoxanthin. The study found that salmon fed higher levels of EPA and/or DHA had higher fillet astaxanthin concentrations and lower metabolic conversion to idoxanthin. DHA had a more positive effect on fillet astaxanthin concentrations compared to EPA, and there were positive correlations between fillet DHA, EPA, sum N-3 fatty acids, and fillet astaxanthin concentration. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of N-6 fatty acids in the fillet and the astaxanthin concentration.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Andre P. Van, Neila Alvarez de Haro, James E. Bron, Andrew P. Desbois
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Georgios Banos, Victoria Lindsay, Takele T. Desta, Judy Bettridge, Enrique Sanchez-Molano, Adriana Vallejo-Trujillo, Oswald Matika, Tadelle Dessie, Paul Wigley, Robert M. Christley, Peter Kaiser, Olivier Hanotte, Androniki Psifidi
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. S. Tshilate, E. Bhebhe, B. Dube, C. Rhode, N. O. Mapholi, O. Matika, C. B. Banga
Summary: This study estimated the genetic parameters of milkability traits and their correlation with somatic cell scores in South African Holstein cattle. Results showed moderate to high heritability estimates for milkability traits, indicating potential for improvement in selection. The high genetic correlation between AMF and MMF suggests they may be considered the same trait.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Cameron R. S. Thompson, James E. Bron, Samantha Bui, Sussie Dalvin, Mark J. Fordyce, Tomasz Furmanek, Gunnvor A. Noroi, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen
Summary: The study suggests that using fluorescence microscopy with specific excitation and emission wavelengths can effectively differentiate salmon lice from non-target copepods, speeding up traditional methods of enumerating salmon louse larvae in plankton samples.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Bo Shi, Fangmin Xu, Qicun Zhou, Melanie K. Regan, Monica B. Betancor, Douglas R. Tocher, Mihai Sun, Fanyi Meng, Lefei Jiao, Min Jin
Summary: The study showed that dietary organic zinc significantly improved the growth performance, mineral bioaccumulation, innate immune response, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific white shrimp. The optimal dietary zinc requirement was estimated to be 104.8 mg kg(-1).
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Cameron R. S. Thompson, James Bron, Samantha Bui, Sussie Dalvin, Mark John Fordyce, Gunnvor A. Noroi, Rasmus Skern-Mauritzen
Summary: The relative rarity of salmon lice planktonic larval stages poses challenges in estimating their abundance and distribution. A novel method using fluorescence-aided microscopy has been developed to rapidly enumerate salmon lice larvae, with an accuracy of 81.8% and processing time of 31 minutes, more than 20 times faster than traditional methods.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Ana Herrero, Oswaldo Palenzuela, Hamish Rodger, Chris Matthews, Mar Marcos-Lopez, James E. Bron, Mark P. Dagleish, Kim D. Thompson
Summary: The microsporidian D. lepeophtherii is difficult to detect in tissue sections, and this study developed an ISH protocol specific for D. lepeophtherii, which showed higher sensitivity compared to other methods.
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
John B. Taggart, Michael J. Leaver, Michael Bekaert
Summary: A non-synonymous SNP leads to a diallelic allozyme polymorphism in the mitochondrial NADP-dependent mMEP-2* locus in Atlantic salmon. The genotyping results from allozyme and SNP assays are concordant in most individuals.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ana Herrero, Hamish Rodger, Adam D. Hayward, Chris Cousens, James E. Bron, Mark P. Dagleish, Kim D. Thompson
Summary: Complex gill disorder (CGD) is an important condition in Atlantic salmon aquaculture, but the roles of the putative aetiological agents in the pathogenesis are uncertain. This study shows that the loads of certain pathogens are significantly associated with the severity of CGD, and water temperature and management factors also have an impact on gill lesions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ntanganedzeni O. Mapholi, C. Banga, K. Dzama, O. Matika, V. Riggio, N. Nyangiwe, A. Maiwashe
Summary: This study compared tick infestation and estimated the prevalence of different tick species among Nguni cattle under different environmental conditions in South Africa. The results showed that tick infestation was influenced by location, season, year, month, and age of the animal. Amblyomma hebraeum was the dominant tick species, and the perianal region, perineum, and belly were the preferred attachment sites.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pauline Wischhusen, Monica B. Betancor, Matthew Sprague, Aurelio Ortega, Fernando de la Gandara, Douglas R. Tocher, Gabriel Mourente
Summary: This study investigated the effect of dietary selenium supplementation on physiological parameters, selenoprotein and antioxidant enzyme gene expression in Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae. It was found that feeding a diet containing 4.42 μg Se/g dry mass improved the expression of selenoproteins and antioxidant genes. This suggests that non-selenium-enriched rotifers may be suboptimal for first-feeding Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Oswald Matika, Sarah Foster, Naftaly Githaka, Gad Owido, Collins Ngetich, Charles Mwendia, Helen Brown, John Caulfield, Kellie Watson, Appolinaire Djikeng, Michael Birkett
Summary: Ticks and tick-borne diseases pose a significant threat to livestock production, with a large number of cattle at risk. Chemical control is expensive and tick resistance to acaricides is increasing. This study investigates the use of host volatile semiochemicals as a potential phenotype for tick resistance, which could be used in selective breeding programs.
TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jingjing Lu, Xinyue Tao, Jiaxiang Luo, Tingting Zhu, Lefei Jiao, Peng Sun, Qicun Zhou, Douglas R. Tocher, Min Jin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary choline supplementation on Pacific white shrimp. The results showed that dietary choline supplementation promoted the deposition of choline and its metabolites, had negative effects on the histological structure and fatty acid profile of the hepatopancreas, and regulated lipid metabolism. Appropriate dietary choline levels promoted the development of hepatopancreas R cells and maintained normal lipid accumulation, while high dietary choline levels enhanced lipid export and fatty acid oxidation, and inhibited de novo fatty acid synthesis.
Article
Fisheries
Monica B. Betancor, Matthew Sprague, Daniel Gonzalez-Silvera, Aurelio Ortega, Fernando de la Gandara, Xu Gong, Johnathan A. Napier, Douglas R. Tocher, Gabriel Mourente
Summary: Recently, genetically modified Camelina sativa has been used to produce oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which can potentially replace fish oil in the feeds for juvenile Atlantic Bluefin tuna. The study found that the oils showed positive effects on the growth, survival, and feed utilization of the tuna. Furthermore, the oils upregulated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Cecile Brugere, Krishna Pillai Padmakumar, William Leschen, Douglas R. Tocher
Summary: The study reveals that fish farmers familiar with manufactured feed have a more positive attitude towards feed containing non-conventional ingredients. Peer pressure, importance and benefits of the novel aquafeed, perceived comparative advantage, and uncertainty regarding outcomes are the main determinants of intention to adopt the new feed innovation.
AQUACULTURE ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diana Medina-Felix, Francisco Vargas-Albores, Estefania Garibay-Valdez, Luis Rafael Martinez-Cordova, Marcel Martinez-Porchas
Summary: In this research, the effects of Nocardia infection on fish gastrointestinal microbiota were analyzed. It was found that the infection led to decreased survival rate, severe damage to the stomach microbiota, and a significant increase in Proteobacteria. A negative correlation network between Proteobacteria and other important phyla was observed. Therefore, Nocardia sp. is an emerging pathogen capable of inducing dysbiosis and causing significant mortalities.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lele Wu, Wen Sun, Jiale Zhou, Yaolin Li, Jun Li, Zongcheng Song, Changbin Song, Shihong Xu, Xinlu Yue, Xian Li
Summary: The study finds that red light induces dichromatic skin pigmentation in turbot juveniles, with some individuals displaying black coloration and others displaying lighter skin. The upregulated gene expressions related to melanin synthesis and the involvement of the nervous system in spectral environment-driven color regulation are both crucial factors.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
(2024)