期刊
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
卷 153, 期 4, 页码 317-326出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.04.002
关键词
Gene expression; Gene structure; Heavy metal exposure; Tail-to-head array; Two MT isoforms
资金
- Korea Foundation for the International Cooperation of Science Technology
Two metallothionein genes, MLMT-IA and MLMT-IB, were isolated and characterized from the mud loach Misgurnus mizolepis (Teleostei; Cypriniformes). For these MTs, we determined a tandem tail-to-head genomic organizational pattern, identified conserved genomic features, showed high sequence identities in the coding regions, and examined the closest phylogenetic affiliation, suggesting their divergence by a recent gene duplication event. However, the 5'-flanking upstream regions in MLMT-IA and MLMT-IB exposed large differences in the composition and distribution patterns of various transcription factor binding motifs, especially regarding the organization of the metal response element clusters. Real-time RT-PCR assays showed that mRNA levels of both MLMT-IA and MLMT-IB isoforms were variable among tissues and the ratios between them were also variable across tissues, although the MLMT-IA was always predominant in every adult tissue tested. We also found that the MLMT-IA and MLMT-IB mRNA expression levels were regulated dynamically during embryonic and larval development stages, in which the basal expression level of MLMT-IA was also consistently higher than that of MLMT-IB. Upon acute in vivo metal exposure to cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, or zinc at 5 mu M for 48 h, the transcriptional modulations of MLMT-IA and MLMT-IB were quite different from each other and the type of response was affected significantly by the kind of metals and tissues. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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