Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Stefanie I. Becker, Rheaa T. Manoharan, Charles L. Folk
Summary: Visual attention can be tuned or biased based on specific feature values or relative features of sought-after objects, driving covert attention and eye movements in visual search. The relational account of attention can be extended to explain attentional engagement and selection of continuously attended objects in time, beyond spatial attention.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Psychology
Aijun Wang, Qinyue Qian, Chaoyue Zhao, Xiaoyu Tang, Ming Zhang
Summary: The study investigated the impact of auditory-driven visual target perceptual enhancement on attentional blink (AB) using the RSVP paradigm. The results showed that cross-modal attentional enhancement was not influenced by stimulus salience, and stronger attentional enhancement in the bimodal condition led to the disappearance of AB.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Paul Sharpe, Ben Whalley, Chris J. Mitchell
Summary: The study compared the effects of focused attention (FA), open monitoring (OM) meditation, and relaxation on attentional processes in non-meditators. While there were no differences in attentional blink between the groups, overall task accuracy was higher in the meditation groups than in the relaxation group. This suggests that brief meditation may improve accuracy on attentional tasks by affecting attentional resource allocation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valentina Bachurina, Marie Arsalidou
Summary: This article examines the relationship between eye movements and mental attention tasks, finding that eye movement indices decrease as task demand increases and are negatively correlated with ratings of mental effort.
Article
Psychology
Ho Ming Chan, Jeffrey A. Saunders
Summary: Affective state has been found to influence the distribution of attention. This study distinguishes the effects of emotional valence (positive vs. negative) and motivational intensity (high vs. low) on attention. Contrary to previous findings, no systematic effects were found on either the spatial distribution of attention (attentional breadth) or temporal limitation of attention (the attentional blink). The results suggest that the effect of emotion on attention is not solely determined by valence or motivational intensity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Song Zhao, Chengzhi Feng, Yu Liao, Xinyin Huang, Wenfeng Feng
Summary: The study found that both stimulus-driven and representation-driven attention spreading processes are completely suppressed during the attentional blink interval but occur prominently outside of it, with the stimulus-driven process being independent of audiovisual semantic congruency and the representation-driven process being dependent on it. These results suggest that the occurrence of attention spreading processes in cross-modal tasks is contingent on the availability of post-perceptual attentional resources for late consolidation processing of visual stimuli, rather than just early detection and top-down activation of visual representations.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Zeguo Qiu, Stefanie Becker, Alan J. Pegna
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether spatial attention towards emotional faces is contingent on visual awareness. The findings demonstrate that spatial attention shifting to fearful faces depends on visual awareness and is closely linked to information maintenance in working memory.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Massimo Grassi, Camilla Crotti, David Giofre, Ingrid Boedker, Enrico Toffalini
Summary: The adoption of new research practices can improve the replicability of experimental research, as demonstrated through a replication project on the attentional blink phenomenon, showing the effectiveness of these methods.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
April Shi Min Ching, Jeesun Kim, Chris Davis
Summary: The study examined the impact of unmasked Attentional Blink (AB) on the report of T2. Findings revealed that the unmasked AB did not affect the report of T2, and the visual AB was associated with delayed but intact N2 and P3 components, while the auditory AB only indicated a delayed but intact P3.
Article
Psychology
Anders Petersen, Signe Vangkilde
Summary: The Attentional Blink (AB) is a phenomenon where people have difficulty reporting a second target presented shortly after a preceding target. There have been various theories proposed to explain the origin of the AB, including filter-based theories and bottleneck theories. Through three experiments, this study supports the bottleneck theory, showing a lower ability to process the second target during the AB. No evidence was found to support filter-based theories or theories placing the bottleneck at the maintenance stage.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Merve Akca, Laura Bishop, Jonna Katariina Vuoskoski, Bruno Laeng
Summary: When two targets are presented in close temporal proximity, the attentional selection of a second target tends to be impaired, known as attentional blink. The study suggests that human voices are less likely to be affected by attentional blink and the changes in pupil dilation reflect the T2 attentional deficit.
BRAIN AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Merve Akca, Laura Bishop, Jonna Katariina Vuoskoski, Bruno Laeng
Summary: Attentional blink refers to the brief impairment of attentional selection of a second target when presented in close temporal proximity with the first target. This study investigated the effect of stimulus factors on target detection and found that human voices were less likely to show an auditory attentional blink compared to other stimuli. Pupillary changes were also observed, suggesting a lower attentional processing during the attentional blink.
BRAIN AND COGNITION
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xiaoxu Fan, Tamar Kolodny, Kristin M. Woodard, Aydin Tasevac, Wesley R. Ganz, Hannah M. Rea, Evangeline C. Kurtz-Nelson, Sara Jane Webb, Scott O. Murray
Summary: Individuals diagnosed with autism show alterations in visual spatial attention, which may be due to changes in the rhythmic sampling of attention. The study found that attention enhances behavioral performance rhythmically at the same frequency in both autistic individuals and the control group, suggesting that intrinsic brain rhythms are functional in autism. However, these rhythmic temporal patterns may be altered in autistic individuals with co-occurring ADHD.
Article
Neurosciences
Yintong Li, Jinghua Bian, Yongna Li
Summary: This study investigated the decline in alerting, orienting, and executive control in older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), as well as the difference in the proactive and reactive modes of control between SCD and healthy controls (HC). The results showed that older adults with SCD exhibited impairment in proactive control compared to HC.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dawei Shen, Bernhard Ross, Claude Alain
Summary: Musicians have superior ability to regulate attention and improve sound object identification. Music training improves the deployment and management of attentional resources, which may generalize to nonmusical activities.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kate Turner, Danielle Bartlett, Sarah A. Grainger, Clare Eddy, Alvaro Reyes, Catarina Kordsachia, Mitchell Turner, Julie C. Stout, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Julie D. Henry, Mel Ziman, Travis Cruickshank
Summary: This study investigated social cognition deficits in individuals with premanifest Huntington's disease (HD) and found significant group-level impairments. However, individual-level assessments revealed that only a small percentage of these individuals experienced marked difficulties in social cognition. This highlights the importance of personalized treatments.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Serena Sabatini, Obioha C. Ukoumunne, Clive Ballard, Rachel Collins, Sarang Kim, Anne Corbett, Dag Aarsland, Adam Hampshire, Helen Brooker, Linda Clare
Summary: This study explored the factors associated with subjective age, finding that it may result from the interaction between factors that increase or decrease age-related thoughts and mental processes. The results show that individuals reporting an older subjective age are more likely to experience significant negative changes and engage in negative age-related thoughts. Women experience a more negative subjective age and more age-related events than men.
PSYCHOLOGY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jay Borchard, Aidan Bindoff, Maree Farrow, Sarang Kim, Fran McInerney, Kathleen Doherty
Summary: This study compared the engagement of family carers and non-carers in the UD-MOOC discussion boards. Family carers showed significantly higher levels of posting and replying compared to non-carers. Topics such as meaningful activities, personal stories of diagnosis, and family history of dementia were discussed more frequently by family carers. These findings may reflect differences in motivation and contextual relevance between family carers and non-carers.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Larissa Bartlett, Kathleen Doherty, Maree Farrow, Sarang Kim, Edward Hill, Anna King, Jane Alty, Claire Eccleston, Alex Kitsos, Aidan Bindoff, James C. Vickers
Summary: This study aims to collect data on modifiable dementia risk factors from participants aged 50 and above, in order to provide information for education and interventions related to dementia risk reduction. The findings will inform future public health initiatives in reducing dementia risk.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hannah Fair, Shannon Klekociuk, Claire Eccleston, Kathleen Doherty, Maree Farrow
Summary: Interpersonal communication has the potential to disseminate dementia risk reduction information to a broad group of people at risk of dementia and can promote behavior change effectively.
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thiago J. R. Rezende, Isaac M. Adanyeguh, Filippo Arrigoni, Benjamin Bender, Fernando Cendes, Louise A. Corben, Andreas Deistung, Martin Delatycki, Imis Dogan, Gary F. Egan, Sophia L. Goericke, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Pierre-Gilles Henry, Diane Hutter, Neda Jahanshad, James M. Joers, Christophe Lenglet, Tobias Lindig, Alberto R. M. Martinez, Andrea Martinuzzi, Gabriella Paparella, Denis Peruzzo, Kathrin Reetz, Sandro Romanzetti, Ludger Schoels, Joerg B. Schulz, Matthis Synofzik, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, Dagmar Timmann, Ian H. Harding, Marcondes C. Franca
Summary: This study characterized cervical spinal cord structural damage in a large multisite cohort of Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) patients. The results showed that FRDA patients had significantly reduced cross-sectional area (CSA) and increased eccentricity in the cervical spinal cord compared to control subjects. The CSA had significant correlations with disease severity, while eccentricity did not. Subgroup analyses revealed abnormal CSA and eccentricity at all disease stages, with CSA appearing to decrease progressively and eccentricity remaining stable over time.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Katharine Huynh, Leila Nategh, Sharna Jamadar, Julie Stout, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Amit Lampit
Summary: This systematic review examines the effects of cognitive and exercise interventions on cognition, psycho-social function, functional independence, and neuroimaging outcomes in Huntington's disease (HD). The findings suggest that cognitive training has a larger effect on cognition, while physical exercise has a negligible effect. Combined interventions have larger effects on psycho-social function, but effects on functional independence and neuroimaging outcomes are inconclusive.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pierre Wibawa, Mark Walterfang, Charles B. B. Malpas, Yifat Glikmann-Johnston, Govinda Poudel, Adeel Razi, Anthony J. J. Hannan, Dennis Velakoulis, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
Summary: This study examined the volumes of hippocampal subfields in individuals with early symptomatic Huntington disease (HD) using T1-weighted MRI. The results showed significantly lower subfield volumes in the symptomatic HD group compared to the pre-symptomatic HD and control groups. These findings suggest the involvement of specific hippocampal subregions in the memory impairment observed in early symptomatic HD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kerryn Pike, Carl Moller, Christina Bryant, Maree Farrow, Duy P. Dao, Kathryn A. Ellis
Summary: This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of the Online Personalised Training in Memory Strategies for Everyday (OPTIMiSE) program, a web-based intervention for older adults with cognitive decline. The results showed that OPTIMiSE was feasible, acceptable, and efficacious, with improvements in memory, strategy knowledge and use, and mood. The participants reported significant changes in strategy use, daily life improvements, reduced concern about memory, and increased confidence and self-efficacy, which were consistent with previous in-person interventions. This web-based program has the potential to provide evidence-based memory interventions for older adults worldwide.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rebecca Kerestes, Hannah Cummins, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Louisa P. P. Selvadurai, Louise A. A. Corben, Martin B. B. Delatycki, Gary F. F. Egan, Ian H. H. Harding
Summary: In this study, we investigated the changes in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex in individuals with Friedreich ataxia (FRDA). We found that altered connectivity in motor circuits was associated with disease severity and white matter damage in these patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Industrial
Kelvin Taylor, Pieter Van Dijk, Sharon Newnam, Dianne Sheppard
Summary: This systematic review uses a systems thinking framework to analyze hazards and risks in the gig economy platforms and identifies the most common hazards at the company level, which are platform control and work insecurity. The study highlights the need to shift away from traditional research and intervention approaches that solely target individual incidents at the worker level, and instead develop a comprehensive understanding of the systemic factors contributing to safety outcomes in gig work.
Article
Oncology
Dianne M. M. Sheppard, Moira O'Connor, Michael Jefford, Georgina Lamb, Dorothy Frost, Niki Ellis, Georgia K. B. Halkett
Summary: More women are returning to work after breast cancer treatment. The 'Beyond Cancer' rehabilitation program was designed to support breast cancer survivors in their return to work. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the intervention from the perspectives of breast cancer survivors, employers, and occupational rehabilitation providers. Results showed preliminary efficacy for primary work outcomes and high acceptability and engagement. Further research is needed to demonstrate broader implementation with other types of cancer.
Article
Communication
Hannah Fair, Kathleen Doherty, Claire Eccleston, Marni Edmonds, Shannon Klekociuk, Maree Farrow
Summary: Public knowledge about dementia prevention is limited and education initiatives are not reaching a diverse audience. However, participants of these initiatives tend to share information with their social network, increasing the number and diversity of people receiving dementia risk reduction information.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maree Farrow, Hannah Fair, Shannon Z. Klekociuk, James C. Vickers
Summary: Dementia is a global public health priority, and this study examines the impact of an educational intervention, the Preventing Dementia Massive Open Online Course (PDMOOC), in providing effective dementia risk reduction education to a broad international audience. The study shows that the PDMOOC educated a large global audience about dementia risk reduction, and participants reported high levels of satisfaction and behavior change.
Meeting Abstract
Psychiatry
A. Gleason, P. Wibawa, M. Walterfang, N. Georgiou-Karistianis
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)