Review
Psychology, Clinical
D. P. Devanand, Dilip V. Jeste, T. Scott Stroup, Terry E. Goldberg
Summary: Late-onset psychosis is distressing and difficult to diagnose and treat effectively, with various underlying causes. This overview covers the epidemiology, clinical features, neurobiology, and therapeutics of late-onset psychoses.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Michael King, Rebecca Jones, Irene Petersen, Fiona Hamilton, Irwin Nazareth
Summary: The study found a significant association between smoking and the incidence of schizophrenia, with higher rates observed in male smokers. Female smokers also showed higher rates of schizophrenia, but there was no significant difference between smoking initiators and non-smokers.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphael O. Cerqueira, Carolina Ziebold, Daniel Cavalcante, Giovany Oliveira, Javiera Vasquez, Juan Undurraga, Alfonso Gonzalez-Valderrama, Ruben Nachar, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Cristiano Noto, Nicolas Crossley, Ary Gadelha
Summary: This study compares patients with affective and non-affective psychosis (A-FEP and NA-FEP) in a Latin American sample. The findings suggest that characteristics of FEP patients could be utilized to enhance diagnosis and inform treatment decisions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Sherilyn Chang, Anitha Jeyagurunathan, Jue Hua Lau, Saleha Shafie, Ellaisha Samari, Laxman Cetty, Yee Ming Mok, Swapna Verma, Mythily Subramaniam
Summary: The study found a relatively low prevalence of problematic drug use among schizophrenia patients in Singapore, but a considerable number may still be at risk, especially males and those with nicotine dependence. Routine screening and close monitoring of drug use is recommended as part of psychiatric assessment.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maksymilian Bielecki, Ernest Tyburski, Piotr Plichta, Monika Mak, Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur, Piotr Podwalski, Katarzyna Rek-Owodzin, Katarzyna Waszczuk, Leszek Sagan, Shane T. Mueller, Anna Michalczyk, Blazej Misiak, Jerzy Samochowiec
Summary: This study compared executive functions between deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, while controlling for IQ and level of education. It also compared executive functions within the two patient groups, while controlling for IQ and psychopathological symptoms. Relationships between clinical factors, psychopathological symptoms, and executive functions were estimated using structural equation modeling. Results showed that both patient groups performed poorer on cognitive flexibility compared to healthy controls, with deficit schizophrenia patients performing worse on verbal working memory and non-deficit schizophrenia patients performing worse on planning. After controlling for IQ and negative symptoms, there were no differences in executive functions between deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia patients, except for planning. Clinical variables appeared to significantly impact these deficits.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Anitha Jeyagurunathan, Jue Hua Lau, Edimansyah Abdin, Saleha Shafie, Sherilyn Chang, Ellaisha Samari, Laxman Cetty, Ker-Chiah Wei, Yee Ming Mok, Charmaine Tang, Swapna Verma, Siow Ann Chong, Mythily Subramaniam
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the factor structure of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and explore socio-demographic and clinical factors related to aggression in patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses in a multi-ethnic Asian population. The findings revealed that females had lower physical aggression and hostility scores compared to males, while lower education levels were associated with higher physical aggression scores. Additionally, symptom severity was positively correlated with higher BPAQ scores.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Riccardo Manca, Antonio F. Pardinas, Annalena Venneri
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for schizophrenia (SCZ) and psychotic experiences (PE) and grey matter (GM) volume in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with and without psychosis. The results found that only the AD-PRS predicted psychosis in AD, while the associations between the SCZ-PRS and PE-PRS and GM volumes were inconsistent across groups. This suggests a possible disconnection between these brain regions associated with psychoses in more advanced AD.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Ines Fernandez-Linsenbarth, Alvaro Planchuelo-Gomez, Alvaro Diez, Antonio Arjona-Valladares, Rodrigo de Luis, Oscar Martin-Santiago, Jose Antonio Benito-Sanchez, Angela Perez-Laureano, David Gonzalez-Parra, Carmen Montes-Gonzalo, Raquel Melero-Lerma, Sonia Fernandez Morante, Javier Sanz-Fuentenebro, Javier Gomez-Pilar, Pablo Nunez-Novo, Vicente Molina
Summary: Research has identified significant heterogeneity in cognition among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Through cluster analysis, different cognitive subgroups have been validated, showing variations in biological data. This study supports the existence of distinct cognitive subgroups within psychoses with different neurobiological underpinnings.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Katarina Vesic, Aleksandar Gavrilovic, Natasa R. Mijailovic, Milica M. Borovcanin
Summary: In recent years, research has shown a link between autoimmune diseases and psychosis, raising the question of whether schizophrenia patients are more susceptible to developing multiple sclerosis (MS) later in life. Both disorders involve immune dysregulation, though the specific immune responses, disrupted myelination, and immunogenetic predispositions may differ. Psychotic symptoms in relation to MS diagnosis may be a direct result or a separate entity. This article discusses the timing of onset of such symptoms, the potential use of corticosteroids for MS treatment in patients with psychiatric comorbidities, and the role of antipsychotics as anti-inflammatory agents.
WORLD JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Cherise Rosen, Martin Harrow, Clara Humpston, Liping Tong, Thomas H. Jobe, Helen Harrow
Summary: Delusions are complex and heterogeneous phenomena that can vary in intensity and stability. This study found that the content of delusions changes over time and that there are significant differences in thought delusions between schizophrenia and affective psychosis. Hallucinations were strongly associated with various types of delusions, suggesting a need for interventions targeting both delusions and hallucinations.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Madison Lewis, Tales Santini, Nicholas Theis, Brendan Muldoon, Katherine Dash, Jonathan Rubin, Matcheri Keshavan, Konasale Prasad
Summary: This study investigated the structural covariance network (SCN) of first-episode antipsychotic-naive psychosis (FEAP) using graph theoretical methods. The results showed that FEAP patients had higher betweenness centrality (BC) and lower degree in all three morphometric features, suggesting lower network resilience. Moreover, the disintegration of the network with fewer attacks was associated with greater negative symptom severity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Samantha Johnstone, Maryam Sorkhou, Nada Al-Saghir, Darby J. E. Lowe, Vaughn R. Steele, Godfrey D. Pearlson, David J. Castle, Tony P. George
Summary: This article reviews the evidence of using neuromodulation techniques to treat substance use disorders (SUDs) in individuals with psychotic disorders. The study suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) may reduce cannabis and tobacco use in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, but the findings with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were inconclusive. Further research and clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy of these techniques.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Olesya Ajnakina, Tushar Das, John Lally, Marta Di Forti, Carmine M. Pariante, Tiago Reis Marques, Valeria Mondelli, Anthony S. David, Robin M. Murray, Lena Palaniyappan, Paola Dazzan
Summary: The study suggests that treatment resistance in patients with first-episode psychosis may be related to disruptions in cortical folding principles. Patients with treatment resistance showed significantly reduced small-worldness and clustering coefficient, with increased length, indicating disturbances in the organizing principles of cortical folding.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Tuomas Majuri, Anni-Emilia Alakokkare, Marianne Haapea, Tanja Nordstrom, Jouko Miettunen, Erika Jaaskelainen, Leena Ala-Mursula
Summary: This study compared employment trajectories among individuals with schizophrenia, other psychoses, and without psychosis. The findings showed that most individuals with mental illnesses had unstable employment trajectories, indicating a higher risk of unemployment and part-time work. The study highlights the importance of improving labor market attachment during the early stages of mental illness.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mary E. McNamara, Jason Shumake, Rochelle A. Stewart, Jocelyn Labrada, Alexandra Alario, John J. B. Allen, Rohan Palmer, David M. Schnyer, John E. McGeary, Christopher G. Beevers
Summary: The study applied a data-driven approach to predict and classify depression groups from various aspects, highlighting the important role of self-referent processing, anhedonia, and psychosocial functioning in differentiating between MDE and PC groups.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
