Article
Neurosciences
Oscar Hou In Chou, Jiandong Zhou, Lifang Li, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Danish Iltaf Satti, Vanessa Hou Cheng Chou, Wing Tak Wong, Sharen Lee, Bernard Man Yung Cheung, Gary Tse, Carlin Chang, Tong Liu
Summary: This retrospective population-based cohort study aimed to explore the association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and dementia. The results showed that patients with NLR >5.44 had an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementia, but not non-Alzheimer's dementia. Utilizing baseline NLR during family medicine consultation may help predict the risks of dementia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Quynh T. Vo, Benjamin Koethe, Sarah Holmes, Linda Simoni-Wastila, Becky A. Briesacher
Summary: This study compared long-term outcomes among newly admitted skilled nursing facility patients with delirium, incident ADRD, and both conditions. The results showed that delirium increased the risk of death and transfer to long-term care in the first 100 days after admission, regardless of incident ADRD diagnosis. Patients with delirium and/or ADRD were also less likely to be discharged home.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sophia Wang, Ryan Greene, Yiqing Song, Carol Chan, Heidi Lindroth, Sikandar Khan, Gabriel Rios, Robert D. Sanders, Babar Khan
Summary: This study used meta-analysis to identify biomarkers of Alzheimer's and related dementias (ADRD) associated with postoperative delirium (POD). Certain inflammatory and neuronal injury biomarkers were found to be significantly related to POD. Future studies should further investigate these relationships and incorporate amyloid and tau biomarkers to better understand the relationship between POD and ADRD.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Miles Berger, David Ryu, Melody Reese, Steven McGuigan, Lisbeth A. Evered, Catherine C. Price, David A. Scott, M. Brandon Westover, Roderic Eckenhoff, Laura Bonanni, Aoife Sweeney, Claudio Babiloni
Summary: As of 2022, older adults represent a significant proportion of the global population and surgical cases. Postoperative complications, particularly neurocognitive disorders like delirium, are common in older surgical patients and are associated with increased mortality, economic burden, and risk of long-term cognitive decline. Perioperative EEG monitoring has the potential to identify brain abnormalities and predict the development of delirium and cognitive decline, which could lead to targeted interventions and improved outcomes for older surgical patients.
Review
Neurosciences
Noriko Shinjyo, Wataru Kagaya, Marcela Pekna
Summary: The complement system plays a critical role in the CNS, but aberrant activation may lead to neurodegenerative diseases. The effects of infection-induced complement activation on neuronal functioning are still unclear, and may have protective or harmful consequences depending on the context.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tammy T. Hshieh, Ray Yun Gou, Richard N. Jones, Douglas L. Leslie, Edward R. Marcantonio, Guoquan Xu, Thomas G. Travison, Tamara G. Fong, Eva M. Schmitt, Sharon K. Inouye
Summary: This study examines the healthcare costs associated with delirium in older hospitalized patients with and without Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The findings show that patients with ADRD are more likely to develop delirium and have higher costs associated with delirium compared to non-ADRD patients. The costs increase progressively over the course of one year for ADRD patients, while the increase is consistent across time periods for non-ADRD patients.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Biology
Angela R. Garcia, Caleb Finch, Margaret Gatz, Thomas Kraft, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, Daniel Cummings, Mia Charifson, Kenneth Buetow, Bret A. Beheim, Hooman Allayee, Gregory S. Thomas, Jonathan Stieglitz, Michael D. Gurven, Hillard Kaplan, Benjamin C. Trumble
Summary: Genes contain instructions for cells to make proteins, with different gene variants affecting protein function and disease risk. The APOE4 gene variant increases the risk of Alzheimer's and heart disease, but may have benefits in certain contexts. Studies in industrialized countries link APOE4 to higher cholesterol and inflammation, but research in indigenous populations suggests a potential benefit in pathogen-rich environments.
Review
Psychiatry
Daniele Urso, Valentina Gnoni, Marco Filardi, Giancarlo Logroscino
Summary: Delusions and delirium are common symptoms observed in neurodegenerative conditions and can lead to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between delusions and delirium in neurodegeneration by analyzing prevalence and subtypes of delusions, providing clinical tools for assessment, and discussing potential common pathophysiology mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kira Trares, Megha Bhardwaj, Laura Perna, Hannah Stocker, Agnese Petrera, Stefanie M. Hauck, Konrad Beyreuther, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schoettker
Summary: This study found that blood-based inflammation-related proteins are significantly associated with dementia incidence, with CX3CL1, EN-RAGE, LAP TGF-beta-1, and VEGF-A showing the strongest independent associations. Future studies should not only focus on single biomarkers but also on the complex relationships within biomarker clusters.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sophia Wang, Anthony J. Perkins, Rosalyn Chi, Brandon A. Yates, Sikandar H. Khan, Sujuan Gao, Malaz Boustani, Babar A. Khan
Summary: A secondary data analysis of ICU patients revealed that stroke and depression were identified as risk factors for post-ICU dementia, highlighting the need for interventions targeting these factors to reduce dementia incidence.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Allison B. Reiss, Saba Ahmed, Christopher Dayaramani, Amy D. Glass, Irving H. Gomolin, Aaron Pinkhasov, Mark M. Stecker, Thomas Wisniewski, Joshua De Leon
Summary: This review discusses the impact of mitochondrial abnormalities and dysfunction on the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It explores original approaches to preserving mitochondrial function as a means to achieve breakthroughs in AD treatment.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ningning Fu, Mengrong Miao, Ningning Li, Shuang Zeng, Ruilou Zhu, Jiaqiang Zhang
Summary: This meta-analysis study found that severe vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D deficiency, but not vitamin D insufficiency, are associated with a higher incidence of delirium in hospitalized patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julen Goikolea, Gorka Gerenu, Makrina Daniilidou, Francesca Mangialasche, Patrizia Mecocci, Tiia Ngandu, Juha Rinne, Alina Solomon, Miia Kivipelto, Angel Cedazo-Minguez, Anna Sandebring-Matton, Silvia Maioli
Summary: This study found that serum Trx80 levels are associated with AD disease stage and risk factors such as age and ApoE4 genotype. This suggests that Trx80 could have potential as a serum biomarker for AD.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kym McNicholas, Maxime Francois, Jian-Wei Liu, James D. Doecke, Jane Hecker, Jeff Faunt, John Maddison, Sally Johns, Tara L. Pukala, Robert A. Rush, Wayne R. Leifert
Summary: This study identified biomarkers in saliva that can be used for early detection of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that combinations of specific proteins can effectively distinguish patients with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease from cognitively normal individuals.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jie Wang, Pengzhan Shuang, Zhao Li, Longbiao Zhao, Xiuli Wang, Peng Liu
Summary: This study examined the relationship between preoperative insulin resistance, insulin concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture. The study found that patients with higher preoperative insulin resistance were more likely to develop delirium, while the concentrations of insulin in the CSF were significantly decreased. Insulin resistance may affect the occurrence of delirium by affecting the metabolism of AD biomarkers.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)